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GPS水准采用移去恢复技术拟合大地水准面方法的研究

精化大地水准面是现代重力场和大地测量学工作的重要任务之一。探讨了利用已知水准点上的高程异常拟合区域大地水准面模型时,首先移去EGM96模型计算得到的部分,然后基于移动曲面和多面函数方法分别对剩余高程异常进行拟合,在内插点上再利用EGM96模型把移去的部分恢复,得到该点的高程异常。通过对某局部地区水准点的计算表明,引入EGM96模型的拟合高程异常的精度有所改进,对于大范围地区,这种方法有望能更好地提高大地水准面的拟合精度。     

洞庭湖区构造沉降特征及监测方案

从洞庭湖区构造沉降地质背景入手,分析研究了洞庭湖区构造沉降表象特征指标。主要包括地层、河流类型、古文物、古建筑、地震活动等。利用前人采用的沉积速率法、大比例尺地形图对比法及局部少量重复水准测量资料对比法等成果,初步总结了洞庭湖构造沉降的时空分布特征。认为洞庭湖盆地周缘的丘陵山区处于相对缓慢抬升之中,其上升速率为0．32～2．29mm/a;盆地区处于缓慢的沉降之中,其速率约为5～10mm/。在此基础上,为了定量研究洞庭湖区的构造沉降速率,在湖区相对较稳定的基岩上建立了基准点1个。在已知构造沉降量相对较大的地区建立了10个监测点。组成洞庭湖区高精度GPS构造沉降监测网。同时,为了检验GPS的测量精度,布设了Ⅰ等水准测量联测点。目前,监测工作已全面起动。     

高精度有限差分地震波正演方法

三维地震模拟不仅可以更精确地研究地震波的传播规律,而且是三维地震资料处理和解释的工具。本文采用精细积分法用于求解波动方程.对波动方程在空间采用差分格式,时间域采用积分法求解析的方法。文中详细论述了精细积分法的数值方法,并给出了计算公式。理论分析和数值算例的结果表明了用这种混合方法得到的解与精确解十分吻合,比有限差分法具有更高的精度。文中给出的地震波正演模拟算例说明了该方法适用于复杂地表和复杂构造地质体。     

Combination of Precise Leveling and InSAR Data to Constrain Source Parameters of the Mw = 6.5, 26 December 2003 Bam Earthquake

We used new precise leveling data acquired 40 days after the Bam earthquake in combination with radar interferometry observations from both ascending and descending orbits to investigate static deformation associated with the 2003 Bam earthquake. We invert this geodetic data set to gain insight into the fault geometry and slip distribution of the rupture. The best-fitting dislocation model is a steeply east-dipping right-lateral strike-slip fault that has a size of 11 by 8 km and strikes N2°W. We find that such smooth geometry fits available geodetic data better than previously proposed models for this earthquake. Our distributed slip model indicates a maximum strike slip of 3 m occurring about 3 to 5 km deep. The slip magnitude and depth of faulting taper to the north, where the fault approaches the Bam city. Inclusion of crustal layering increases the amount of maximum slip inferred at depth by about 4%.