A study on the combination of satellite, airborne, and terrestrial gravity data

Satellite gravity missions, such as CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE, and airborne gravity campaigns in areas without ground gravity will enhance the present knowledge of the Earths gravity field. Combining the new gravity information with the existing marine and ground gravity anomalies is a major task for which the mathematical tools have to be developed. In one way or another they will be based on the spectral information available for gravity data and noise. The integration of the additional gravity information from satellite and airborne campaigns with existing data has not been studied in sufficient detail and a number of open questions remain. A strategy for the combination of satellite, airborne and ground measurements is presented. It is based on ideas independently introduced by Sjöberg and Wenzel in the early 1980s and has been modified by using a quasi-deterministic approach for the determination of the weighting functions. In addition, the original approach of Sjöberg and Wenzel is extended to more than two measurement types, combining the Meissl scheme with the least-squares spectral combination. Satellite (or geopotential) harmonics, ground gravity anomalies and airborne gravity disturbances are used as measurement types, but other combinations are possible. Different error characteristics and measurement-type combinations and their impact on the final solution are studied. Using simulated data, the results show a geoid accuracy in the centimeter range for a local test area.     

世界应力图2000版( WSM2000)介绍及使用说明

全球地壳应力状态对于地学及相关领域科学研究意义重大,因此测量全球地壳应力并绘制全球地壳应力图一直受到国际地学界广泛关注．1986年开始实施的世界应力图计划(WSMP：World Stress Map Project,以下简称WSM)经各国专家多年合作和努力工作,现已出版了最新WSM2000版本应力数据库．该数据库在WSMl997版基础上新增收录了4216个观测数据,使其总共包含了全球10920个可靠应力测量数据,并绘制了全球应力图和部分地区的局部应力图,为地质地球物理研究提供了准确详细的应力数据．本文结合WSM官方网站的资料从数据库结构、数据来源、数据质量、数据摘要描述等方面介绍WSM2000数据库,以使国内研究迅速利用此宝贵的数据资源.     

关于当前铀矿地质工作的几点思考

本根据我国能源发展对铀资源的需求形势,在铀矿勘查战略、重点地区铀矿勘查、铀资源潜力评价、铀矿地质科研等方面作了思考,提出工作建议,并强调了以人为本的管理理念。     

地质系统的复杂性--地质科学的基本问题(Ⅱ)

笔者根据其所提出的“地质作用与时空结构是一切地质现象的本质与核心”的自然哲学理念将地质科学的学科体系划分为地球物质的成分与结构、地质作用、地质学场与地质系统的演化等四大基本领域,它与9个重大基础地质问题以及与其相关的基础理论问题相对应（表2）,笔者将其已发表的地质科学的复杂性理论“地质作用的临界过程动力学－地质系统在混沌边缘分形生长”应用于研究9个重大基础地质问题,着重对于其中所包含的主要基础理论问题的实质及其理论与研究方法作较深入而简要的剖析。目的是通过将地质系统的复杂性作为地质科学的基本问题的新视角对古老而常新的地质科学进行再认识,将重大基础地质问题的研究提高到非线性科学和复杂性理论的层次,并实现地质科学向精确科学的跨越,取得突破性进展。     

测井资料在碳酸盐岩洞—裂缝型储层产能评价中的应用

介绍了一种基于测井资料来预测双孔结构碳酸盐岩储层产能的新方法。首先根据碳酸盐岩剖面中双孔结构储层的地质和测井特征,提取与储层产能密切相关的多个测井和地质参数,考虑到这些参数与产能的非线性相关关系以及产能数据的变化特点,采用BP神经网络技术建立其储层产能的预测模型,由此处理了轮南地区的多口井测井资料。所预测的储层段产能与试油产能较为一致,效果良好。     

岩溶坝区透水参数的随机模型

岩溶坝区的渗透特性受高应力场的作用,使其固有的非均质各向异性更趋复杂,采用确定性的方法不能准确的描述其本质特性。本文在对岩溶坝区透水性随机场进行分析的基础上,提出了渗透随机性的数学描述。考察岩溶坝区主要的两场作用,即渗流与应力场的耦合。基于Taylor随机有限元建立了渗流应力耦合的随机微分方程格式,并对耦合随机模型反演求解渗透参数提出了思路。     

鞍山汤岗子地热田控热构造分析

汤岗子地热田受活动性深断裂寒岭壳断裂的控制.地热田包括东、西两个热储,其储热构造走向相近,而倾向相反,构成陡倾斜反"S"型构造.区域构造、导热构造和储热构造,在平面展布上呈"F"形.     

Knowledge-Driven and Data-Driven Fuzzy Models for Predictive Mineral Potential Mapping

In this paper, we describe new fuzzy models for predictive mineral potential mapping: (1) a knowledge-driven fuzzy model that uses a logistic membership function for deriving fuzzy membership values of input evidential maps and (2) a data-driven model, which uses a piecewise linear function based on quantified spatial associations between a set of evidential evidence features and a set of known mineral deposits for deriving fuzzy membership values of input evidential maps. We also describe a graphical defuzzification procedure for the interpretation of output fuzzy favorability maps. The models are demonstrated for mapping base metal deposit potential in an area in the south-central part of the Aravalli metallogenic province in the state of Rajasthan, western India. The data-driven and knowledge-driven models described in this paper predict potentially mineralized zones, which occupy less than 10% of the study area and contain at least 83% of the model and validation base metal deposits. A cross-validation of the favorability map derived from using one of the models with the favorability map derived from using the other model indicates a remarkable similarity in their results. Both models therefore are useful for predicting favorable zones to guide further exploration work.     

耕地粮食生产潜力及人口承载力研究——以长清县为例

以长清县为例 ,利用 GIS技术和遥感数据 ,按照“机制法”原理计算耕地资源粮食生产潜力。重点是因地制宜、科学确定并计算土壤有效系数和社会有效系数 ,从而得到耕地生产潜力和社会生产潜力像元分布数据。在此基础上 ,进行粮食增产潜力计算 ,并预测未来人口数量发展趋势 ,探讨未来的人口承载力问题。结果表明 :该县粮食增产潜力巨大 ,但是粮食问题仍不容乐观。