1989年大同—阳高地震现场分析预报工作回顾

叙述了1989大同—阳高地震的基本情况,回顾了此次地震现场的分析预报工作。按照《地震现场工作大纲和震情分析指南》所确定的原则,采用国内常用的一些方法,对此次地震的类型、震前活动、地震趋势、余震活动等做了分析。并对几次强余震的预报过程进行了讨论。     

Contamination of a well in a uniform background flow

In this paper we describe the transport of pollution in groundwater in the neighbourhood of a well in a uniform background flow. We compute the rate at which contaminated particles reach the well as a function of the place of the source of pollution. The motion of a particle in a dispersive flow is seen as a random walk process. The Fokker-Planck equation for the random motion of a particle is transformed using the complex potential for the advective flow field. The resulting equation is solved asymptotically after a stretching transformation. Finally, the analytical solution is compared with results from Monte Carlo simulations with the random walk model. The method can be extended to arbitrary flow fields. Then by a numerical coordinate transformation the analytical results can still be employed.     

One-station estimates of seismic moments from the mantle magnitudeM m: The case of the regional field (1.5°≤Δ≤15°)

We extend to the regional field of distances the procedure of one-station estimation of seismic moments using the mantle magnitudeM _m, as introduced earlier in the case of teleseismic events. A theoretical analysis of the validity of the asymptotic expansion of normal modes in terms of surface waves, which was used in the development ofM _m, upholds the validity of the algorithm for distances as short as 1.5°. This is confirmed by the analysis of a dataset of 149 GEOSCOPE records obtained at distances ranging from 1.5 to 15°, from earthquakes with moments between 10²⁴ and 2.5×10²⁷ dyn-cm. The performance ofM _m as measured in terms of average residual with respect to published values ofM ₀, and standard deviation of the residuals, is not degraded in this distance range, with respect to the teleseismic case. This indicates that the mantle magnitudeM _mcan be reliably used at regional distances, notably for tsunami warning applications.     

现代地壳应力场研究

本文简要介绍研究现代地壳应力场的途径,包括测震学、地应力测量、构造地质学、岩石有限应变测量和平衡剖面等方法。在内容方面强调历史分析。模拟实验的目的在于确定应力数据之间的内在联系和区域分布,以达到绘制一系列的应力图件。最后提出检验模拟实验结果的准确性和可靠性的三条判据。     

江西永平铜矿田构造地球化学

本文在对永平铜矿田构造调查研究的基础上,初步探讨了矿田主要控岩控矿构造——F_1断裂构造地球化学和候家—嵩山倒转背斜褶皱构造地球化学,以及构造应力对矿液和成矿物质的运移与富集的影响——成矿构造地球化学。最后还提出了永平铜矿田构造地球化学成矿模式。     

我国日照时数和总辐射的空间分布场

运用多项式回归分析和双随机样本检验,模拟日照时数和总辐射及其影响因子(可照时间、总云量和天文辐射、日照百分率)年值和1月值、7月值的三度空间分布场,取得了满意结果。这可应用在无测站地区,仅凭经纬度和海拔估算出上述气候要素值,估算的平均相对误差大多在5％以下(最好的达0.3‰)。     

天津岩溶地热田热储特征研究

从天津大地构造特征和地层分布入手，综合分析了岩溶热储特征.认为天津地区主要大地构造格局从西北向东南依次为冀中拗陷、沧县隆起和黄骅拗陷，主要断裂有北东向的沧东断裂、天津断裂以及北西向的宁河-宝坻断裂.岩溶地热田主要分布在沧县隆起上，发育了王草庄、大城、潘庄、双窑和小韩庄凸起等地热田.研究认为蓟县系雾迷山组在天津全境普遍分布，岩性为深灰色粗晶白云岩、隧石条带状白云岩，裂缝岩溶发育，孔渗性较好，是主要热储层.寒武系、奥陶系热储在沧县隆起核部大面积缺失，在其他地区广泛分布，是主要热储层之一.沧县隆起的热流值较周围地区高，地热水的来源主要为北部蓟县山区，热水运移的最重要通道是大断裂以及不整合面.     

Estimation of exploration potential of a metallogenic unit by parametric modeling of the distribution of mineral occurrences when exploration is incomplete. Case study: Walker Lake quadrangle of Nevada and California

Analysis of the distribution of ore-bodies in space can be useful generally in the estimation of mineral resources or the management of exploration. This study is directed to analysis of the undiscovered potential of well known areas of mining district size, referred to as metallogenic units (MUs). The analysis employs an effort-adjusted and truncated probability model for number of occurrences within a subdivision (quadrat) of a MU and Monte Carlo sampling to generate an approximation to the probability distribution for number of occurrences and number of mines within an MU when it is totally explored. Exploration potential for Monitor, Bodie, Aurora, and Camp Douglas MUs (Walker Lake quadrangle of Nevada and California) are estimated to be 9, 4, 7, and 4 mines, respectively.