Natural and anthropogenic C2 to C6 hydrocarbons in the central-eastern Venezuelan atmosphere during the rainy season

The levels of low molecular weight hydrocarbons were measured at pristine sites and rural locations affected by hydrocarbon emissions from oil and gas producing fields in Venezuela. At the clean sites, lower concentrations of C₂ to C₆ alkanes were observed, whereas, in comparison with remotes sites, very much higher levels were measured at the polluted sites. Alkenes present relatively high concentrations, with isoprene being the most abundant, all over the study region. The main sources of alkenes are likely to be natural, mainly from vegetation. The levels of alkanes recorded at the clean sites and the alkene levels found everywhere in the region are in agreement with the values reported for other clean sites in the tropics. The increase of ozone production capacity due to the anthropogenic emissions of alkanes from oil and gas fields was estimated. Due to the presence in the atmosphere of important amounts of naturally emitted isoprene, ethene and propene, which makes a substantial contribution to the reactivity of the hydrocarbon mixture, a small increase (<5%) was estimated to occur in the capacity of the ozone production at a regional scale during the rainy season.     

混合物电导率和介电常数的研究

应用电场理论研究混合物的电性，得出了混合物的电导率公式和介电常数公式．这一结果表明：混合物的电导率决定于混合物各成分电导率的均值和方差；混合物的介电常数决定于混合物各成分介电常数的均值和方差．作为所得结果的应用，给出了岩石的电导率公式和介电常数公式．     

STUDY ON CANONICAL AUTOREGRESSION PREDICTION OF METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENT FIELDS*

Through extension of canonical correlation to the analysis of meteorological element fields (MEF), a concept from combination of canonical autocorrelation with canonical autoregression (CAR) is developed for short-term climatic prediction of MEFs with a formulated scheme. Experimental results suggest that the scheme is of encouraging usefulness to a weak persistence MEF,i.e., rainfall field and, in particular, to a strong persistance one like a SST field.     

龙门山断裂带测区古构造残余应力随深度分布及带中残余能量

以岩体正交异性弹性理论为基础，用Ｘ射线法，在龙门山断裂带测区，选取３个小区深钻孔系列的岩心，测量了岩体中宏观残余应力场的水平和铅直三维主分量、水平和铅直最大剪应力，及其应变能密度随深度的分布，分析了它们沿深度的分布规律，估算了该断裂带岩体中储存的宏观残余弹性应变能的量级     

The MT inversion for conductivity anisotropy and EDA precursor，stress field and deformationbandintheEarthsdeepcrust

ＴｈｅＭＴｉｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎｆｏｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙａｎｄＥＤＡｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒ，ｓｔｒｅｓｆｉｅｌｄａｎｄｄｅｆｏｒ┐ｍａｔｉｏｎｂａｎｄｉｎｔｈｅＥａｒｔｈｓｄｅｅｐｃｒｕｓｔＣＨＡＮＧ－ＹＯＵＬＩＮ（林长佑），Ｃ...     

地电短临前兆产生机理及一种新的短临预报方法（谐振预报法）

研究了地电短临震兆机理，在此基础上给出了引潮力触发地电短临前兆模式。据此从理论上分析了地电临震震兆特征，并以唐山７．８级大震为例，从实际观测中检出具有此模式特征的震兆（具有起潮力特征），从而验证了所提模式理论的客观存在的可能性。最后给出与此有关的地电短临预报方法。即，根据脆性岩石失稳的相对刚度比较准则，定义部分岩体刚度λ＝０的状态为临震阶段，分析λ＝０时起潮力引起位移的特征和规律，得出原地监测岩体刚度是否为零（进入临震阶段）的方法。因为在弹性阶段，λ为较大正值，微小的起潮力只引起微小的位移，此时的电响应甚小，通常检测不到；但随着构造力的积累，介质进入临震阶段，此时同样微小的起潮力却可引起甚大的位移（λ＝０时，位移为无穷大），从而产生可检测的电响应。由于这种电响应具有与起潮力相同的周期，故可把临震电响应同各种干扰区分开，判定为临震前兆，从而建立了地电临震前兆起潮力触发模式，并可给出相应的短临预报方法。对１９７６年唐山７．８级强震前后震中周围地电阻率及大地电场实测资料进行谱分析，发现仅在主震前二个月至半月内，两种不同物理本质的电响应分别出现与起潮力ＭＳ波与ＭＳｆ波周期相同的异常变化。这是对所提临震前兆模式和预报     

天水地震区深部地温场的有限元计算

用有限元方法计算了天水地震区上地壳地温场。结果表明，影响该区浅部（层）地温场的主要因素是基底构造和断裂构造。祁连褶皱系为高热异常区，秦岭褶皱系为低热异常区，西秦岭北缘断裂带为地温梯度带。认为该带历史地震的发生与热应力差有关     

深井电阻率所处井孔位置与地震关系的研究

对鲁南地区近几年发生的４级（ＭＬ）以上有感地震与深井电阻率所处井孔位置的关系进行了研究，进一步证明了“活断层—应力场效应”是存在的     

强震水化学前兆场特征

研究了唐山、松潘两次７级以上强震的水化学前兆场特征。结果表明，两次强震水化学前兆场有相似的特征。在震源区，水化趋势性异常和短临突变异常所占的比例大，远离震源区所占的比例小，且有逐渐减小的趋势；在震源区，水化趋势性异常起始的时间早，远离震源区异常起始的时间晚，趋势异常的形态均为逐渐升高。水化学前兆场的形成与区域应力场有关，但与震源应力场关系密切，可能起主导作用的是震源应力场。     

钱塘江江心排污的数值模拟

从立面二维非恒定流体动力学方程出发,应用κ-ε湍流模式计算流场,再用准三维的浓度对流-扩散方程,即考虑了侧向扩散的立面二维浓度控制方程,模拟了钱塘江江心6个竖管排污在潮流作用下近区浓度场,其结果和实际观测值基本吻合。