斜长石结构和成分对开放体系下岩浆演化的指示:以浙江拔茅白垩纪英安岩为例

矿物的结构和成分可用来反演岩浆演化过程.为探讨酸性岩浆房内岩浆演化过程,以浙江拔茅火山主体英安岩中的斜长石为例,对其开展了矿物学、地球化学研究.结果显示,斜长石普遍具有核-幔-边结构,暗示其在喷发前处于开放性岩浆房内,并经历了复杂的岩浆过程.对代表性斜长石的电子探针成分及背散射图像分析表明,斜长石核部、幔部及边部分别具...     

柴北缘鹰峰环斑花岗岩矿物学特征及其岩石学意义

柴北缘构造带中元古代鹰峰环斑花岗岩主要造岩矿物的研究结果表明,该岩体具pyterlitic型环斑结构,各主要矿物均具多世代特征。钾长石主要以卵形斑晶出现,出溶钠长石条纹极发育,出溶后主晶成分为Or94.57Ab5.25An0.18,钠长石条纹为Or0.71Ab97.59An1.7,推算出球斑均一化成分为Or66.41Ab32.95An0.64。岩浆结晶的斜长石以更长石为主,由于不同程度的蚀变使An降低成为钠质长石。黑云母多有不同程度的蚀变,析出磁铁矿和钛铁矿,析出铁后黑云母的n（Fe）/n（Fe＋Mg）=0.5~0.63,属Mg-Fe2＋-和Fe2＋-黑云母,原成分应更富铁。鹰峰岩体在矿物组成及主要矿物特征上与典型环斑花岗岩的相似,但也存在一些差异,这些差异有的是起因于加里东期的变质改造,有的反映了岩体形成环境和过程的特性。     

阿勒吞昆多蛇绿混杂岩斜长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP测年及时限

在大量查阅分析和研究前人资料基础上,提出阿勒吞昆多蛇绿混杂岩是卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带的向东延伸部分。卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带西起卡拉麦里—塔克扎勒—大黑山至伊吾县阿勒吞昆多一带,向东可能延伸至蒙古境内。该蛇绿混杂岩中斜长花岗岩产于辉长岩顶部,二者呈突变或渐变接触关系。应用SHRIMP方法对斜长花岗岩进行了锆石U-Pb定年,获得了(351±6Ma)的年龄,这一年龄反映阿勒吞昆多蛇绿岩形成于早石炭世。同时,该蛇绿混杂岩上覆岩系的时代为晚石炭世,表明阿勒吞昆多蛇绿混杂岩侵位时代不晚于晚石炭世。     

Petrogenesis and geotectonic setting of early Svecofennian arc cumulates in the Roslagen area,east‐central Sweden

Several intrusions of ultrabasic to basic composition occur in the Roslagen area of east‐central Sweden in close spatial and temporal association with the surrounding 1.90–1.87 Ga old early orogenic Svecofennian granitoids. An imprecise Sm‐Nd WR errorchron yields an age of 1895 ± 71 Ma. In spite of the penetrative deformation in the granitoids, the basic–ultrabasic rocks mostly appear undeformed and largely preserve magmatic textures with plagioclase, olivine (in some rock types), orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene, and amphibole as major constituents. The plagioclase is typically very anorthitic (ca. An₉₀). The Roslagen intrusions range in composition from primitive to evolved (Mg# 80 to 49) but contain only 40–50 wt% SiO₂. Many samples are highly elevated in Al₂O₃ (up to 30 wt%), CaO (up to 16 wt%) and Sr (up to 800 ppm), with strongly positive Eu and Sr anomalies, in line with being plagioclase cumulates. Although masked by cumulus effects, the relative trace element contents indicate a volcanic arc signature. The initial Nd isotope composition is homogeneously ‘mildly depleted’, with ε_Nd of +0.3 to +1.1, and the initial Sr isotope composition ‘mildly enriched’, with ε_Sr of +8 to +15. Non‐cumulus rocks with small Eu and Sr anomalies can be used to deduce the composition of the parental magma. This LILE‐ and LREE‐enriched and HFSE‐depleted high‐alumina basalt magma, with Mg# of ca. 50–60 and Ca# of ca. 80, most likely formed by partial melting of mantle material, enriched by fluids in a subduction environment, at 1.9 Ga. The cumulate rocks apparently crystallized from a somewhat more evolved water‐rich magma with Mg# of ca. 40. Crystallization was followed by the development of late‐magmatic to post‐magmatic coronas between olivine and plagioclase in the presence of H₂O‐rich fluids. The subduction‐related setting would make these intrusions Palaeoproterozoic counterparts of Alaskan‐type ultramafic intrusions, but they differ from those in being plagioclase enriched, possibly reflecting different levels of exposure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

河北承德大庙黑山钒钛磁铁矿床 岩石地球化学特征

河北承德大庙黑山铁矿床位于大庙斜长岩体南部边缘,大庙斜长岩体由黑山、马营、罗锅子沟岩体和大乌苏沟4个密切伴生的斜长岩和苏长岩体组成,其中钒钛磁铁矿体主要产于黑山苏长岩中。岩石地球化学研究表明,研究区内Mg#顺序依次为:超基性岩>苏长岩>斜长岩>磁铁矿石,反映基性岩浆侵入的时间稍晚于超基性岩。大庙斜长岩体、苏长-斜长岩体的各类型岩石中δ(Eu)具弱正异常,反映原始岩浆为碱性玄武岩浆的特征;轻稀土和大离子亲石元素富集,Ce/Pb比值高于地壳平均值,原始岩浆具有幔源特征,大庙斜长岩体产于板内拉张环境。苏长岩化学性质与矿床的形成有密切的关系:黑山、大乌苏沟两个岩体具有相同特征,苏长岩为镁质-镁铁质,富碱质,形成较富的铁、磷、钒、钛矿床;罗锅子沟岩体苏长岩富铁、钛,贫碱,形成的铁、磷、钒、钛矿床很贫或者只有矿化;马营岩体苏长岩富硅铝,贫碱,矿化很弱。     

青藏高原东南缘“三江”地区含角闪石变质岩石的地球化学特征

青藏高原东南缘"三江"地区变质杂岩带中的岩石类型十分复杂,斜长角闪岩和含角闪石斜长片麻岩是本区常见的变质岩石类型。斜长角闪岩可进一步划分为由石榴辉石岩退变而成的和基性原岩经角闪岩相-麻粒岩相变质形成的两种类型。斜长角闪岩的SiO2平均含量50.0%,具有高铝低钛的特点,轻稀土元素相对富集,铕无异常或略具负异常,Zr含量较低,Zr/Y比值较小,其原岩的主微量元素组成具有岛弧玄武岩的特点,反映其原岩形成于俯冲碰撞的构造环境。含角闪石斜长片麻岩的SiO2平均含量63.64%,MgO和TiO2含量低,轻、重稀土元素分馏,轻稀土元素明显富集而重稀土元素相对亏损,具有中等负Eu异常,大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Th强烈富集,高场强元素Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb和Ta含量较低,其原岩具有安山质岩石或安山质/玄武质岩石的特点,主要形成于板块聚敛边缘的构造环境。     

芬兰晕彩斜长石晕彩成因探讨——包裹体及其与晕彩的关系

对芬兰斜长岩中斜长石的宏观和微观观测显示,无晕彩的斜长石包裹体不发育,有晕彩的斜长石发育定向排列的针状包裹体。依据斜长石中包裹体的发育程度,可将包裹体分为两类:密集型包裹体(35～50条/mm)和稀疏型包裹体(25～35条/mm)。发育密集型包裹体的斜长石的晕彩以蓝色为主,发育稀疏型包裹体的斜长石的晕彩以红色或橙红色为主。电子探针、扫描电镜和激光拉曼光谱的分析结果表明,该晕彩斜长石中的所有包裹体在成分上一致,均为磁铁矿,有晕彩的斜长石和无晕彩的斜长石的成分也一致。这表明该斜长岩中的斜长石是否具有晕彩与斜长石的成分、包裹体的成分及斜长石的双晶发育程度无关,而与包裹体的发育程度有关。斜长石和其中定向排列的磁铁矿针状包裹体类似于光学中的光栅效应,斜长石中晕彩的出现可能是光栅衍射和干涉造成的。     

酸性流体作用下斜长石的稳定性

通过紫外分光光度计分析和扫描电镜观察,开展不同温度下酸性流体与斜长石相互作用实验得出:1在低温条件下斜长石较稳定,以溶解为主;在高温条件下,斜长石不稳定,以溶蚀、溶解为主;随反应温度升高,质量损失增大。2斜长石沿解理形成条带状溶孔,沿表面形成粒内溶孔。3在160℃和190℃条件下,形成新生高岭石沉淀,温度升高高岭石晶形变好,实验反应强度增大。4随反应温度升高,K+、SiO2和矿化度浓度升高。     

Plagioclase relations in pelites, central Menderes Massif, Turkey. II. Perturbation of garnet-plagioclase geobarometers

Abstract Activity-composition relations in oligoclase near the peristerite gap are investigated in pelites from the Central Menderes Massif. The pressure of metamorphism is estimated independently, from garnet-rutile-ilmenite-kyanite-quartz, as being in the range 4–7 kbar. In the temperature range, 450–600°C approximately, both the Newton-Haselton calibration of the garnet-plagioclase-kyanite-quartz geobarometer and a related simple treatment of garnet-plagioclase-muscovite-biotite give a wide range of apparent pressures, correlated with plagioclase composition and ranging up to 11–12 kbar where the plagioclase is most sodic. This effect is attributed to failure of the activity model for plagioclase used in the Newton-Haselton treatment. It is inferred that, in the present area, γ^plag_An decreases with increasing X ^plag_An in the range An₁₅-An₂₅. The data can be interpreted in terms of high γ ^plag_An in the high-albite structure at these temperatures, modified to lower values by 'e'ordering in the more calcic oligoclases. The ordering appears to be independent of the peristerite gap, and the data do not support the interpretation of the gap as a solvus. Garnet-plagioclase assemblages are unreliable as geobarometers where the plagioclase is more sodic than approximately An₂₀ and T < 700°C, and should instead be used to investigate the γ -X behaviour of the plagioclase where independent geobarometry can be used as a constraint.     

Incomplete reaction of plagioclase in experimental dehydration melting of amphibolite

Dehydration melting of a hornblende‐plagioclase mixture of amphibolitic composition was investigated at 1000°C and at 800 MPa and 1200 MPa. At 1200 MPa the reaction products are garnet, clinopyroxene, melt and relatively Ab‐rich plagioclase (An₄₇). At 800 MPa the products are orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, magnetite, amphibole (pargasite) and An‐rich plagioclase (An₇₅). The melts are rich in plagioclase components (especially in Ab) and, when compared to tonalites, relatively poor in silica. The grainsize of the starting materials was ≤?5 μm in the 800 MPa and ≤?10 μm in the 1200 MPa runs. All run products show unchanged plagioclase cores, which are the remnants of a very sluggish reaction assumed to be controlled by dissolution/precipitation processes at the plagioclase grain boundaries. The results indicate that only local equilibrium could have been obtained in recent investigations on dehydration melting experiments in plagioclase‐bearing systems. The results also suggest that plagioclase compositions once formed may persist for a very long time, even in hot magma chambers, if the prevailing water activity is low.