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571.
Assessment of Debris-Flow Hazards of Alluvial Fans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A strategy is presented for the assessment ofdebris-flow hazards on alluvial fans on the basis ofa case study carried out on the southern foot of astratovolcano named Mt. Yatsugatake. Transformation ofcommercial forests into a golf course was planned ata corner of the Kikkakezawa fan. The case studyinvolves an assessment of hazards due to debris flowsof different magnitudes and their recurrenceintervals. The environmental conditions for therecurrence of these debris flows are discussed as wellas the extent of the areas affected by them. In orderto generalize the case study, concepts of hazardpotential, hazard and risk for debris flows onalluvial fans are established. Accordingly, the hazardpotential is the possible hazards at any location onan alluvial fan in an indefinitely long time period,which can be assessed on the basis of hydrological andother geoscientific investigations. Hazards associatedwith a particular land use can be evaluated on thebasis of the hazard potential considering the locationand the time period associated with the land use. Riskcan be further assessed considering the life styles inthis land and the social conditions. 相似文献
572.
Dolomitization of the Waulsortian Limestone (Lower Carboniferous) in the Irish Midlands 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jay M. Gregg Kevin L. Shelton Aaron W. Johnson Ian D. Somerville & Wayne R. Wright 《Sedimentology》2001,48(4):745-766
The Waulsortian Limestone (Lower Carboniferous) of the southern Irish Midlands is dolomitized pervasively over a much larger region than previous studies have documented. This study indicates a complex, multistage, multiple fluid history for regional dolomitization. Partially and completely dolomitized sections of Waulsortian Limestones are characterized by finely crystalline (0·01–0·3 mm) planar dolomite. Planar replacive dolomite is commonly followed by coarse (≥0·5 mm) nonplanar replacive dolomite, and pervasive void‐filling saddle dolomite cement is frequently associated with Zn–Pb mineralization. Planar dolomite has average δ18O and δ13C values (‰ PDB) of –4·8 and 3·9 respectively. These are lower oxygen and slightly higher carbon isotope values than averages for marine limestones in the Waulsortian (δ18O=–2·2, δ13C=3·7). Mean C and O isotope values of planar replacive dolomite are also distinct from those of nonplanar and saddle dolomite cement (–7·0 and 3·3; –7·4 and 2·4 respectively). Fluid inclusions indicate a complex history involving at least three chemically and thermally distinct fluids during dolomite cementation. The petrography and geochemistry of planar dolomites are consistent with an early diagenetic origin, possibly in equilibrium with modified Carboniferous sea water. Where the Waulsortian was exposed to hydrothermal fluids (70–280 °C), planar dolomite underwent a neomorphic recrystallization to a coarser crystalline, planar and nonplanar dolomite characterized by lower δ18O values. Void‐filling dolomite cement is isotopically similar to nonplanar, replacive dolomite and reflects a similar origin from hydrothermal fluids. This history of multiple stages of dolomitization is significantly more complex than earlier models proposed for the Irish Midlands and provides a framework upon which to test competing models of regional vs. localized fluid flow. 相似文献
573.
574.
In this paper, numerical methods for flow simulation in the well vicinity are discussed. Flux truncation errors are analyzed on gridblocks near the well. Due to the singularity of the well, standard numerical schemes are not efficient for near well flow simulations. To improve simulation accuracy, a new methodology, using a change of coordinates to make near well pressure linear, is presented for the singularity modelling. Based on this new approach, two numerical schemes, a two-point flux approximation scheme and a multi-point one, are proposed. These schemes are accurate for the near well modelling and are suitable for any kinds of gridblocks. 相似文献
575.
576.
把斜压气流中的短波槽看成波包,并把波包作为准地转模式的初值进行研究,发现波包的结构对其演变有重要影响,初始阶段急流轴下面向西倾斜的波包能够获得较快的发展,而向东倾斜的波包则是衰减的,这与WKBJ方法得出的结论[1]是一致的,但是无论西倾还是东倾的波包,除了其自身随时间的演变外,还会激发出斜压不稳定波动,而且随着扰动的发展,不稳定斜压波会逐步在扰动中占主导地位。由此可以解释某些中纬度气旋的发生发展问题。 相似文献
577.
暴雨洪涝预报是目前气象和水利,水文学科正在致力攻克的预报难题。作者通过调查海安洪涝发生与暴雨的关系,利用水文,地形资料找出径流量和主河道水位升降的相关,结合暴雨预报,推导暴雨洪涝发生的可能以及大致区域和洪涝程度。 相似文献
578.
EVOLUTIONALCHARACTERISTICSOFHYPER-CONCENTRATEDFLOWINBRAIDEDCHANNELOFTHEYELLOWRIVER¥QIPu;LIWenxue(Seniorengineer,InstituteofHy... 相似文献
579.
The Geothermal Study of the Mid-Segment of the Tancheng-Lujiang Fault Zone and Its Neighboring Region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper,25 new terrestrial heat flow values newly observed along the mid-segment of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone are listed.With these geothermal data and 37 other terrestrial heat flow values(previously published),we describe the distribution features of terrestrial heat flows in the area.In this research,the two-dimensional temperature structure from the surface to lithospheric bottom of the Huaibei-Sixian-Jinhu profile is inferred by using the finite-element method and the temperature and heat flow of sedimentary,granitic,and basaltic layers is calculated. 相似文献
580.
中国大陆余震活动深度分布及其流变学机制 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
本文研究了中国大陆1966年以来发生的5次大地震(Ms≥7.0)的余震活动深度与地热流的关系。研究表明,地热流较高的震源区,余震活动深度分布较浅,并且得出余震深度分布受地壳内部岩石脆性-韧性转变深度的流变学特征控制的推论。 相似文献