乌梁素海沉积物中全磷的分布特征

开展了浅水草型湖泊乌梁素海沉积物中TP(全磷)的分布特征研究。结果表明,乌梁素海表层沉积物中TP含量在0.37~0.99 g/kg之间变化,平均值为0.75 g/kg;水平分布上,TP含量呈现从湖区四周向湖心递减的变化趋势,大部分湖区已具有生态毒性效应,并对湖区底栖生物群落和生态环境构成了较大威胁;垂向上,尽管沉积物中TP含量有所波动,但0~10 cm的表层沉积物中TP含量均随深度增加而递减,揭示了近年来人类活动的加剧对乌梁素海沉积物中磷累积的重大影响;实验得出了粉砂、粘土粒级>极细砂粒级>细砂粒级>中砂以上粒级的TP含量序列,各粒级对TP的吸附贡献率由吸附能力和质量百分比共同控制;磷的沉积对乌梁素海富营养化进程有深远影响。     

崇明东滩沉积物磷的分布特征及环境意义

对崇明东滩采集的表层样和柱状样品,进行样品的总磷(TP)、无机磷(IP)和有机磷(OP)以及有机质含量等的测定,分析了磷的分布变化特征并对其影响因素和环境意义进行了探讨。     

Research progress of socio-economic water cycle in China

China has made great progress in the study of socio-economic water cycle. She has completed national water resources appraisement and medium to long-term water supply planning. She has been engaging in study on water-deficient regions in North China and Northwest China for about half a century. For solving water shortage problem in northern China, she has put forward the famous South-to-North Water Transferring Projects, which has been set as one of the four biggest national projects in the Tenth Five-Year-Plan period although there are still debates. For promoting water use efficiency, China has been reforming her water management system, including water right system and water price system. There has already been a case of water right purchase. China has also done a lot of research on the interaction between human activity, water and ecosystem. For meeting the need of sustainability and coordinating water resources development and environmental protection, the study of ecological water requirement became very hot in recent years. There are three focuses of socio-economic water cycle study now in China: water transfer projects from the south to the north, water resources management and ecological water requirement.     

哑铃湾网箱养殖水体中氮磷结构特征

根据2002年4月-2003年1月对哑铃湾网箱养殖的调查数据,分析了养殖水体中不同形态N／P值的分布趋势、季节变化及哑铃湾网箱养殖水体中的限制性营养盐。结果表明：各形态N／P具有显著的季节变化,其分布趋势基本表现为网箱养殖区低于非养殖区,并且随着养殖年限的增加,这种现象更明显。总体上说,哑铃湾浮游植物生长主要受P的限制,但从无机态N／P来看,春、夏季以P为该海域浮游植物生长的控制因子：秋、冬季以N为该海湾浮游植物生长的控制因子。     

化学生态调控对鳌山湾氮磷营养盐的影响

鳌山湾,是一个营养类型特殊的海湾,湾中基本无径流输入,呈“C”字形,封闭性较强,水较浅,湾内主要有筏式扇贝养殖和底播贝类养殖,沿岸有滩涂池塘养殖.根据1996年11月至1998年5月的调查结果得知,鳌山湾海域为贫营养海域[1,2].为探讨贫营养海域进行化学生态调控的可能性,利用鳌山湾的封闭性,根据其水交换规律[3],于1999年6月首次对鳌山湾进行了全湾规模较大的化学生态调控试验,旨在有效提高鳌山湾的营养水平,为今后在贫营养海域合理发展海水养殖业提供科学依据,获得了十分理想的效果.     

有机溴化物的溴同位素测试技术及其生物地球化学指示意义

有机溴化物已成为继有机氯化物之后又一值得关注的全球性新兴持久性有机污染物。稳定Br同位素测试技术的快速发展,为有机溴化物生物地球化学循环研究提供了更为有效的技术支撑。在综述稳定Br同位素研究进展的基础上认为：①基于GC-MC-ICPMS技术基础上的有机单体Br同位素（CSIA-OBr）是Br同位素研究的主要趋势,难点是...     

模拟酸雨及施磷对水稻土中铅的淋溶特性影响

采用pH=3.0、pH=4.5与对照pH=5.6的3种模拟酸雨淋溶土柱的方法,研究酸雨及含磷酸雨淋溶下合肥市郊水稻土中铅的释放特征与规律。结果表明:经过相当于1 980 mm降水量的淋溶后,铅释放量总体上表现为随着酸雨强度增加累积淋溶量也增加的现象。酸雨作用下,施磷量越多土壤中铅的淋失总量越大。在酸雨及施磷条件下,大兴地区黄褐土中Pb较义城地区水稻土中易于淋失。     

中国地质勘查周期及成因分析

本文开拓性地系统研究建国以来中国地质勘查周期,引入经济周期理论、工业化发展阶段理论、矿产品使用强度理论、政治决策因素、市场因素等对地质勘查周期进行了解释,试图理清多年来认识不清的问题。通过统计建国以来历年地质勘查投入、钻探工作量、见矿异常和发现矿产地等数据,划分了8次地质勘查工作周期。在对我国经济周期和财政周期研究的基础上,提出了地勘工作周期与经济和财政周期相对应的观点。此外,通过研究建国以来工业化进程和国家经济发展战略的选择,结合矿产品使用强度变化趋势,认为在重工业化发展阶段,矿产品使用强度处于高位,从而地勘投入处于高位;在农业、轻工业化发展阶段,地勘工作逐渐走弱。2013年后,随着我国进入工业化后期阶段,地勘工作处于新一轮弱势状态。地勘工作周期体现了长期国家发展战略主动选择、工业化进程与短期财政和经济波动双重叠加的特点,短期政策因素则常对地勘周期波动时有放大或熨平作用。     

Early Pleistocene climate changes in the central Mediterranean region as inferred from integrated pollen and planktonic foraminiferal stable isotope analyses

Vegetation inherited from a Pliocene subtropical climate evolved through obliquity oscillations and global cooling leading to modern conditions. An integrated, highly time-resolved record of pollen and stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C of Globigerina bulloides) was obtained to understand vegetation responses to Early Pleistocene climate changes. Continental and marine responses are compared in the Central Mediterranean region with a particular consideration of environmental changes during anoxic events.Pollen data illustrate vegetation dynamics as follows: [1] development of mesothermic elements (warm and humid conditions); [2] expansion of mid- and high-altitude elements (cooler but still humid conditions); and [3] strengthening of steppe and herb elements (cooler and dry conditions). These successions correlate with precession. δ¹⁸O variations recorded by Globigerina bulloides define two cycles (MIS 43-40) related to obliquity. At northern low- to mid-latitudes, the pollen signal records temperature and wetness changes related to precession even during global climate changes induced by obliquity. This may result in unexpected increasing wetness during glacial periods, which has to be considered specific to the Central and Eastern Mediterranean region. Lastly, an analysis of anoxic events reveals that enhanced runoff is indicated by increasing frequency of the riparian trees Liquidambar and Zelkova.     

辽西金羊盆地南部髫髻山组陆相火山岩及旋回层序划分

辽西金羊盆地（金岭寺－羊山盆地）南部髫髻山组陆相火山岩发育,为一套以中性为主的基性、中基性、中性火山岩组合。火山岩碱度主要为钙碱性。火山岩形成环境为活动大陆边缘区,这与本区所处大地构造位置相吻合。根据当前火山岩的研究现状,尝试性地对该盆地髫髻山组火山岩进行了火山喷发旋回层序的划分,共划分了四级火山喷发旋回层序。其中 A-A′剖面Ⅰ级 1个,Ⅱ级 5个,Ⅲ级 17个,Ⅳ级 21个; B-B′剖面Ⅰ级 1个,Ⅱ级 5个,Ⅲ级 18个,Ⅳ级 24个。