东特提斯二叠纪地层,古地理及矿产国际学术讨论会综述

概述了“东特提斯二叠纪生物地层、古地理和矿产资源国际学术讨论会（ＰＥＴ）”和“澳大利亚生物古地理国际学术讨论会（ＰＡＦＦ）”所涉及的主要内容及最新研究进展,简要评述了东特提斯地区联合古陆时期的古地理、古气候、古海洋研究现状,指出了我国在该方面存在的差距和今后研究值得注意的方向。     

Distribution of potential geological hazards and control factors in Qingdao offshore,China

Engineering construction actively occurs in coastal zones, and these areas have numerous potential geological hazard factors. Since 2009, the development of geological surveys in sea areas has promoted extensive geophysical surveys in Qingdao offshore. In the present study, the types and distribution of potential geological hazard factors were systematically revealed using sub-bottom profile data, side-scan sonar data, and single-channel seismic data, among others. Based on previous research findings, the potential geological hazard factors are classified, and control factors in Qingdao offshore are discussed. The research results show that the primary potential geological hazards include active faults, buried paleo channels, shallow gas, irregular bedrock, eroded gullies, estuary deltas, tidal sand ridges, and seawater intrusion. In addition, neotectonic movement, sea level changes and sedimentary dynamic processes were the main factors that affected the distribution of geological hazards in Qingdao offshore.©2019 China Geology Editorial Office.     

中国多阶段活化构造与铀成矿作用

中国地质构造和铀成矿复杂,活化构造作用时间长,从早元古宙延续至今,以中新生代最为强烈。针对特定大区域内多种类型铀矿床并存,而主成矿期往往基本一致的特点,笔者从大地构造、深部地质结构、地球物理和地球化学等方面,就中国多阶段活化构造演化及其对铀成矿的控制作用进行了探讨。     

Mineralization,Geochemistry and Zircon U‐Pb Ages of the Paodaoling Porphyry Gold Deposit in the Guichi Region,Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt,Eastern China

The newly discovered Paodaoling porphyry Au deposit from the Guichi region, Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt(LYRB), contains 35 tons of Au at an average grade of ~1.7 g/t. It is a porphyry ‘Au-only' deposit, as revealed by current exploration in the depths, mostly above-400 m, which is quite uncommon among coeval porphyry mineralization along the LYRB. Additionally, there are also Cu-Au bearing porphyries and barren alkaline granitoids in the Paodaoling district. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of the Cu-Au-bearing porphyries yield an age of 141–140 Ma, falling within the main magmatic stage of the LYRB, whereas the barren granites give an age of 125–120 Ma, coeval with the regional Atype granites. The Cu-Au-bearing porphyries are LILE-, LREE-enriched and HFSE-depleted, typical of arc magmatic affinities. The barren granites are HFSE-enriched, with lower LREE/HREE ratios and pronounced negative Eu anomalies. The Cu-Au-bearing porphyries in the Paodaoling district have high oxygen fugacities and high water content. Pyrite sulfur isotopes of the Paodaoling gold deposit indicate a magmatic-sedimentary mixed source for the ore-forming fluids. Based on the alteration and poly-metal zonation of the deepest exploration drill hole from the Paodaoling Au deposit, we propose that Cu ore bodies could lie at depth beneath the current Au ore bodies. The magmatism and associated Cu-Au mineralization of the Paodaoling district are likely to have formed in a subduction setting, during slab rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate.     

九江地区第四系中典型地裂缝特征及构造意义

在九江地区开展断裂活动性调查中,发现了一些第四纪剖面中发育丰富的地裂缝。本文选择三个第四系中典型地裂缝出露剖面为研究材料,通过野外实测展开对剖面的地层序列、地裂缝的宏观和微观特征及地裂缝与区域断裂分布规律进行分析,有以下4点发现:1九江地区第四系中地裂缝形态特征多样,多呈"V"型,"倒V"型,"Y"型,"扫帚"型和"直线"型等;2地裂缝内均有充填物,充填物多呈灰白色、浅灰色条带,宽度不等,多呈上窄下宽,向上渐尖灭,向下未见底。地裂缝内充填物具有劈理化、压扁、挤压、拖拽等受力流变现象;3平面分布上,地裂缝出露剖面PM1位于九江-德安断裂NE末端,PM2位于襄樊-广济断裂SE末端,PM3位于城门山-范家铺断裂带中部,地裂缝出露剖面位置与九江地区区域性断裂展布和历史地震震中分布都具有高度相关性。同时,PM1、PM2和PM3三个剖面的主要地裂缝走向分别为NE、NW和NEE,与其高度相关的断裂走向也分别一致;4PM3剖面发育一条第四纪断层,断层产状为145°∠68°,显示正断性质,最大错据可达1m。综上分析,笔者认为九江地区第四系中典型地裂缝发育是受区域性断裂和地震震中控制的,地裂缝的形成是区域性断裂活动和古地震事件在地表的响应。九江地区第四纪地裂缝的发现,给该区的断裂活动性和古地震研究提供了丰富的研究材料,也为断裂活动性和古地震研究提供了一个新研究思路和研究方法。     

青藏高原河流氧同位素区域变化特征与高度预测模型建立

利用氧同位素作为古高度计重建造山带的古高度是近年发展起来的应用比较广泛的方法。本文通过对青藏高原河水δ¹⁸O_w(SMOW)的空间分布特征分析,表明高原南北δ¹⁸O_w(SMOW)由于水汽来源和水汽循环方式不同存在显著差异。以中央分水岭山脉为界,南部δ¹⁸O_w(SMOW)平均值为-15.6‰左右,北部为-8.6%左右;   南部氧同位素值随高度的平均变化率为-0.24‰/100m,北部为-0.15‰/100m。分别建立了藏北地区和藏南地区河水氧同位素和高度的关系,同时应用可可西里及昆仑山口现代食草动物牙齿釉质、尼玛盆地现代土壤碳酸盐的氧同位素值对所建立的经验模型进行了检验,表明这两个模型分别应用于藏北和藏南地区古高度的恢复是可行的,为今后青藏高原古高度研究工作的开展提供了定量的计算方法。