中更新世以来东海陆架的古环境

基于１９９６年中法合作在东海陆架进行的电火花单道地震调查资料,并与位于东海外陆架钻孔ＤＺＱ４对比,发现对应于氧同位素６期以来的六个地震地层与钻孔地层呈现很好的对应关系,其间共有四次海退－海进的沉积旋回。资料分析表明东海第四纪环境演变与全球气候冷暖变化所导致的海面升降直接相关。     

舟山岛中更新世以来孢粉组合特征及古气候变迁

根据舟山岛ＺＫ１孔３３个孢粉和３７个微体古生物样品的分析,讨论了我国第四大岛－舟山岛自第四纪中更新世以来的古植被,古气候变迁。舟山岛经历了３个寒冷期,２个温暖期和１个冰后期,其中第二冷期又可分出２个亚冷期和２个亚暖期,冰后期可分出北方期－前北方期、亚北方期－大西洋期和亚大西洋期,为舟山岛第四纪地层划分和地层对比提供了充分的依据。     

Petrography and geochemistry of upper Triassic sandstones from the Tumengela Formation in the Woruo Mountain area,North Qiangtang Basin,Tibet: Implications for provenance,source area weathering,and tectonic setting

The petrography and major and trace element concentrations of the sandstones from the Tumengela Formation in the Woruo Mountain area, North Qiangtang Basin, are studied to determine their provenance, intensity of weathering and tectonic setting. The detrital compositions of the Tumengela sandstone samples are dominated by quartz (58.0–70.1 %, average 64.7 %) and lithic fragments (21.8–35.9 %, average 27.3 %), but low in feldspar content (4.9–12.9 %, average 8.0 %). The sandstones can be classified as litharenite and feldspathic litharenite according to their detrital compositions, which is consistent with the geochemical data. The detrital modal compositions reflect that these sandstones are probably derived from a recycled orogenic source. The index of chemical variability (ICV) and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio values suggest that the compositional maturity and recycling were moderate. The weathering indices such as the chemical index of alteration (CIA), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW), and Al₂O₃–(CaO* + Na₂O)–K₂O (A–CN–K) diagram indicate that the intensities of weathering in the source area were moderate. The Al₂O₃/TiO₂, Th/Co, La/Sc, La/Co, Th/Sc, Cr/Th ratio values and the discriminant function of the Tumengela sandstones indicate that the sediments were mainly derived from felsic source rocks, while also mixed with intermediate source rocks. The comparison of rare earth element patterns and its Eu anomalies to the probable source rocks infer that the sandstones were derived from the combination of granite, rhyolite, dacite, and gneisses. The proximal central uplift belt was probably the primary provenance area as evidenced by the petrographical and geochemical features of the Tumengela sandstones. The multidimensional tectonic discrimination diagram based on major elements show a collision setting (80 %) combined with a rift setting (20 %) for the Tumengela sandstones, which is consistent with the general geology of the study areas.     

武当山地区中上元古界及成岩构造环境的地球化学论证

通过对分布于武当山地区的中上元古界武当山群,耀岭河群的变火山岩、变沉积岩的岩石学、岩石化学,微量元素地球化学和稀土元素地球化学及有关图解的综合研究和应用,笔者认为武当山群的成岩环境为古岛弧,而耀岭河群的成岩环境为古陆缘裂谷。中晚元古代期间,武当山地区构造演化经历了从古岛弧向古陆缘裂谷转化的历程。     

四川盆地西缘早三叠世早期碳酸盐重力流沉积与环境

四川竹园坝?梨园里地区下三叠统飞仙关组地层中,碳酸盐砾屑沉积类型有:碎屑流和浊流;根据岩性组合可分三种组合层序:Ⅰ.碎屑流与半深水泥晶灰岩沉积组合层序;Ⅱ.碎屑流与浊流沉积组合层序;Ⅲ.复合层序?据重力流形成环境,计算了古斜坡坡度,测定了古流向,结合重力流形成及古构造?古地理演化,提出了区内碳酸盐重力流的演化及沉积模式?     

冲绳海槽南部两万年来碳酸盐溶跃面的变迁

对冲绳海槽南部表层沉积和晚第四纪沉积柱状样中百余个样品进行了浮游及底栖有孔虫、翼足类等微体化石定量分析。通过表层沉积样品中底栖有孔虫占有孔虫全群比例、底栖有孔虫群中胶结质壳比例、浮游有孔虫碎壳率和浮游及底栖有孔虫丰度等多种标志的水深变化,确定冲绳海槽现代的碳酸盐溶跃面位于水深１５００～１６００ｍ处。进而,在高分辨率地层学基础上,检验这些指示溶解作用的标志和翼足类丰度等在柱状样中的变化,结果发现末次冰期冲绳海槽碳酸盐溶解作用显著减弱,碳酸盐溶跃面和文石补偿深度急剧变深;至冰后期碳酸盐溶解作用又急剧增强,溶跃面和文石补偿深度又变浅至与现代相当的位置。这些变化与南海等西太平洋其他海区的特征相一致。     

东特提斯二叠纪地层,古地理及矿产国际学术讨论会综述

概述了“东特提斯二叠纪生物地层、古地理和矿产资源国际学术讨论会（ＰＥＴ）”和“澳大利亚生物古地理国际学术讨论会（ＰＡＦＦ）”所涉及的主要内容及最新研究进展,简要评述了东特提斯地区联合古陆时期的古地理、古气候、古海洋研究现状,指出了我国在该方面存在的差距和今后研究值得注意的方向。     

Distribution of potential geological hazards and control factors in Qingdao offshore,China

Engineering construction actively occurs in coastal zones, and these areas have numerous potential geological hazard factors. Since 2009, the development of geological surveys in sea areas has promoted extensive geophysical surveys in Qingdao offshore. In the present study, the types and distribution of potential geological hazard factors were systematically revealed using sub-bottom profile data, side-scan sonar data, and single-channel seismic data, among others. Based on previous research findings, the potential geological hazard factors are classified, and control factors in Qingdao offshore are discussed. The research results show that the primary potential geological hazards include active faults, buried paleo channels, shallow gas, irregular bedrock, eroded gullies, estuary deltas, tidal sand ridges, and seawater intrusion. In addition, neotectonic movement, sea level changes and sedimentary dynamic processes were the main factors that affected the distribution of geological hazards in Qingdao offshore.©2019 China Geology Editorial Office.     

对细碧—石英角斑岩系种属划分和命名的建议

为深化古海相火山岩的研究，新提出了细碧－石英角斑岩系的种属划分和命名方案，建议首先按岩石化学万分恢复原岩种属名称，然后结合细碧－石英角斑岩系的大类名称确定其种属名称：变质强质、原生矿物没有或罕见的岩石以原岩种属名称为字头，以大类名称为字尾变质较弱、原生矿物残晶常见的岩石以大类名称为字头，以原岩种属名称为字尾变质较。评述了该方案的适用性，介绍了在青海拉脊山古海相火山岩的研究中应用该方案所取得的较好效