沉桩引起的三维超静孔隙水压力计算及其应用

引入时间、深度参数分析在饱和软粘土中沉桩时引起的超静孔隙水压力,给出了考虑固结效应的超静孔隙水压力的三维解析解;分析了超静孔隙水压力的消散过程中桩周土发生曼德尔效应的时间和区域,提出了在群桩施工过程中土体中的超静孔隙水压力是消散与累加的综合过程,施工完毕后则变为单一的消散的计算模型,并给出计算公式。通过算例,分析了桩群不同桩距、不同入桩顺序对超静孔隙水压力的影响。     

小波包多阈值去噪法及其在形变分析中的应用

在GPS变形监测领域,传统的小波去噪只保留低频上的有用信息,很容易去掉中频以及高频上的有用信息。小波包分析方法是近几年发展起来的一种新的小波分析方法,它同时考虑了各个频段上的有用信息,因此是一种更为精细的去噪方法。小波包去噪的关键是对小波包分解系数选取合适的阈值准则并进行阈值处理,但传统的小波包去噪并没有对此进行充分的研究。本文针对传统小波、小波包分析的不足,提出了一种基于频率顺序并依据信息类型分段的多阈值准则小波包去噪法。通过理论分析与实际应用,结果表明新方法能够高效剔除各频段的噪声,同时当采样频率较低时能有效保留去噪信号中频率高达10-1 Hz数量级的有用信息,其去噪能力优于传统的小波、小波包等其它去噪方法,因此可以广泛应用于高精度GPS变形监测领域中。     

GRAPES-3DVar高阶递归滤波方案及其初步试验

背景误差协方差矩阵B及其逆的求解是三维变分同化研究的核心问题之一.在GRAPES区域三维变分同化系统(GRAPES-3Dvar)中背景误差协方差矩阵的水平变换部分,假定各向同性并进行递归滤波运算.原有方案中采用一阶递归滤波器,但收敛不够迅速,每次循环同化时需滤波10次才能使目标函数收敛.根据Purser等2003年的研...     

降阶模型在膜结构风振流固耦合分析中的应用

针对膜结构风振流固耦合计算的强耦合分区法应用降阶模型,将降阶模型应用于耦合迭代运算过程.建立了流体域和结构域的降阶模型,给出了采用降阶模型进行强耦合分区计算的步骤.为了实现强流体域和结构域的强耦合,通过在耦合迭代过程中采用降阶模型的方式获得流体及结构的雅克比行列式,在每一时间步内采用降阶模型计算强耦合求解方法中的流体和...     

地震波数值模拟中差分阶数的边界效应

提出了声波正演数值模拟中计算网格间差分阶数(精度)的不衔接而引起的边界反射效应问题,采用不同中心网格有限差分法求解声波波动方程来验证.数值实例分析表明,同差分阶数间不存在任何边界效应,而当差分阶数较低且网格间差分阶数递变较大时,边界效应显著,通过缩小差分网格间的递变阶数并提高相应的离散阶数,可以有效压制该边界效应,并保...     

The Role of Naturally Occurring River Biofilms on the Degradation Kinetics of Diazinon

River biofilms are dominant riverine biota with diverse microorganisms. They have been found to contribute greatly to river self‐purification for removal of nutrients and organic matter. This study intended to investigate the ability of naturally occurring river biofilms with changing seasons for the removal of the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon. Natural river biofilms from spring showed higher ability to remove diazinon (99.9% removal) than those from winter (77%) with light exposure. In contrast to control sets without biofilms under irradiation, 27% of diazinon removal in spring and 22% in winter may result from microbial activity within biofilms. Removal of diazinon by river biofilms could be attributed mostly to degradation due to low sorption capacity of biofilms. Spring biofilms had higher dissipation rates (0.265 and 0.486 d^?1 for biofilms with different growth periods) than winter ones (0.099 and 0.119 d^?1) according to first order model. Higher ability of diazinon removal by spring biofilms may be explained by their higher bacterial and algal biomass comparing to winter biofilms. Naturally occurring river biofilms played a significant role in degradation of diazinon, particularly for those grown in spring. Their potential for use in the treatment of diazinon‐contaminated water has been demonstrated.     

Assessment of the Intake and the Pretreatment Design in Existing Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Plants by Hasse Diagram Technique (HDT)

Seawater desalination is a rising technology intended to overcome water scarcity and is increasingly being used for the production of drinking water. A good quality pretreatment process is prominent to the successful operation of a Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) plant. The tasks of the intake and the pretreatment modules are to prevent fouling and to extend the lifetime of the reverse osmosis membranes. To practice the method of assessment design, 19 seawater plants with 11 different design strategies have been evaluated. The assessed strategies consist of: (i) Intake treatment, (ii) pretreatment aid (coagulation, flocculation, clarification), and (iii) pretreatment unit. Every possible combination of the design elements has been evaluated by a set of 15 attributes. The comparative evaluation has been conducted by Hasse diagram technique (HDT) using PyHasse software. The result of the HDT application includes 7 favorable incomparable design strategies. In order to solve the incomparability, the Condorcet–Kemeny–Young–Levenglick (C–K–Y–L) ranking procedure was additionally used and rendered the optimal design that is based on subsurface intake and membrane (ultrafiltration) pretreatment facilities. According to the results, both mathematical methods, i.e., the HDT in combination with the C–K–Y–L, procedure can be powerful and helpful tools to assist decisions concerning design strategies.     

An improved numerical simulation mode of nonlinear wave with consideration of high order terms

In this paper the 0-1 combined BEM is adopted to subdivide the computational domain boundary,and to discretize the Green’s integral expression based on Laplace equation.The FEM is used to subdivide the wave surface and deduce the surface equation which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions on the surface.The equations with potential function and wave surface height as an unknown quantity by application of Taylor expansion approach can be solved by iteration within the time step.In m-time iteration within the computational process of time step(n-1)Δt to nΔt,the results of the previous iteration are taken as the initial value of the two-order unknown terms in the present iteration.Thus,an improved tracking mode of nonlinear wave surface is established,and numerical results of wave tank test indicate that this mode is improved obviously and is more precise than the previous numerical model which ignored the two-order unknown terms of wave surface location and velocity potential function in comparison with the theoretical values.     

提取垂直形变信息时富氏系数及其阶数的合理选取

用富里叶分析提取垂直形变信息,是值得进一步研究的课题。本文主要讨论了两个问题:1)采样点间距与可能得到的富氏系数的最高阶数;2)如何获取合理的富氏系数。     

我国GPS大地高的精度分析

分析了利用ＧＰＳ测定大地高的误差来源和提高其精度的措施。简介我国高精度ＧＰＳ中Ａ、Ｂ级网和各类区域网的布测和数据处理要点。根据误差传播理论和我国各级ＧＰＳ网实测误差，首次论证得出在我国任何地区ＧＰＳ大地高的绝对精度均可达到±０．１００ｍ的结论