基于Comsol的饱和多孔介质动力方程的数值模拟及应用

两相饱和多孔介质的动力响应问题在地震工程领域具有重要的研究意义,由于涉及到固相和液相的动力耦合,使得该问题的求解尤为复杂。本文利用Comsol在求解多场耦合问题上的优点,针对Biot饱和多孔介质u-U耦合形式下的波动方程特征,经过一系列微分算子运算和矩阵变换得到导数形式下的波动方程,基于Comsol Multiphysics提供的广义偏微分方程模式对变形后的波动方程进行求解,并把改进后的无限元边界应用到无限域动力问题的模拟中。通过与饱和多孔介质动力响应的解析解进行对比,验证模型求解技术的可行性和正确性,并在此基础上讨论饱和土地基中空沟隔振效果与饱和土体参数孔隙率、泊松比的关系。通过研究分析,可以为饱和土地基中空沟隔振设计提供一些有价值的参考。     

海南热带水库敞水区浮游甲壳动物群落结构特征

于枯水期(2006年12月)和丰水期(2007年5月)对海南省7座水库敞水区进行采样调查,共检出浮游甲壳类动物15种.多为广温性和嗜热性种类,其中桡足类7种,枝角类8种.温中剑水蚤(Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides)、脆弱象鼻溞(Bosmina fatali)和颈沟基合溞(Bosminopsi...     

On open boundary conditions for three dimensional primitive equation ocean circulation models

Abstract

An open boundary condition is constructed for three dimensional primitive equation ocean circulation models. The boundary condition utilises dominant balances in the governing equations to assist calculations of variables at the boundary. The boundary condition can be used in two forms. Firstly as a passive one in which there is no forcing at the boundary and phenomena generated within the domain of interest can propagate outwards without distorting the interior. Secondly as an active condition where a model is forced by the boundary condition. Three simple idealised tests are performed to verify the open boundary condition, (1) a passive condition to test the outflow of free Kelvin waves, (2) an active condition during the spin up phase of an ocean, (3) finally an example of the use of the condition in a tropical ocean.     

“Fe-Au-Sb-S”体系中金迁移规律的实验研究

在黔滇桂微细浸染型金矿地质研究及前人实验研究基础上设计了７５℃含碳的“Ｆｅ－Ａｕ－Ｓｂ－Ｓ”热液开放流动体系实验，测定带出溶液之ｐＨ及Ａｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｓｂ含量，研究Ａｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｓｂ的迁移条件及相互关系。探讨本区主成矿期之后叠加热液活动中金与锑的行为及金异常与锑异常既密切共生，在空间上又有所偏离的原因     

Analysis of the compression behavior of artificial lumpy composite materials

The landfills are dumped without any compaction and have a relatively open structure, which is similar to that of the granular materials. However, the original dumped material might be gradually transformed into a lumpy composite structure because of the influence of the climate. As a result, the lumps are randomly distributed in the reconstituted soil. In the presented study, the compression behavior of the lumpy composite soils was analyzed within the homogenization framework. Firstly, the volume of the composite soil was divided into four individual components. The inter‐lump porosity was introduced to account for the evolution of the volume fractions of the constituents, and it was formulated as a function of the overall porosity and those of its constituents. A homogenization law was then proposed based on the analysis of the lumpy structure together with a numerical method, which gives a relationship for tangent stiffnesses of the lumpy soil and its constituents. Finally, a simple compression model was proposed for the composite lumpy material, which incorporates both the influence of the soil structure and the volume fraction change of the reconstituted soil. The predictions of the model were validated against the test results, and the stress distribution within the lumpy composite was assessed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

露天矿边坡自动化监测关键技术研究

为及时掌握露天矿边坡变形规律,基于现代监测技术、网络通讯技术和计算机技术为一体,建立一套实时动态反映边坡位移变形和应力变化的自动化监测系统。通过对海州露天矿北帮边坡的连续性监测,结果表明：海州露天矿属于蠕变型滑坡,目前正处于局部变形、整体稳定的状态。系统的构建实现了边坡位移和应力的高精度、自动化、连续性监测,将为露天矿边坡灾害的动态预警和安全决策的及时制定提供有效的技术支持,对边坡的灾害防治提供理论依据。     

范氏气体准静态开放式系统与气枪子波模拟

在范氏气枪模型中,理想气体准静态开放式系统方程通常被直接应用在范氏气体条件下,从而引起模拟结果的偏差。这里详细推导了范氏气体条件下准静态开放式热力学系统方程,并结合气泡振荡方程,应用四阶Runge-Kutta方法进行子波模拟。经过与实际数据对比分析,得到比原范氏气枪模型更接近实测子波的结果。     

Open burning of wastes as the source of environmental contamination by POPs

In the paper the procedure for and results of a test study of a few persistent organic pollutants - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH）, polychlorinated biphenyls （PCB） and hexachlorobenzene （HCB） emission from the open burning of different types of wastes （domestic wastes, agricultural debris, landscape cleating debris, etc.） are discussed. The open burning of agricultural debris and landscape-clearing debris is widely applied in rural areas and small towns and in allotment gardens for the recovery of that part of wastes that can not be utilized for compost preparation. This process is most typical during the autumn season and to a lesser degree during spring. Burning occurs usually in bon fires. Burning modes differ depending on the volume of material burnt, the waste moisture content, the weather conditions, etc. During this process part of domestic wastes （polluted wood, paper, chipboard, films, plastics, etc.） are burned also. Investigations included the collection and preparation of combustible material, the simulation of open burning processes, particulate and gas emission sampling, chemical analysis of sample and data processing. Sampling procedures and sample preparation were agreeable to the emission sampling standards. The aerosol and vapour phases of POPs were collected by ordinary sampling train with pumping of waste gases through filter and solid sorbent （polyurethane foam）. For the measurements of PAH in emission, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry were used which make it possible to identify and determine 16 PAH compounds in the samples; this method was used for HCB determination also. Gas chromatography with ECD detector was used for PCB measurement. It was detected that the levels of PAH emission from wastes uncontrolled burning of wastes vary greatly. Influencing factors are composition and properties of refuse, temperature and mode of burning, level air supply. Generally, the increase of content of wood leads to the increase of PAH in emission. PAH emission also increased with increasing temperature of burning. The highest PAH values are characteristic of emissions from domestic refuse burning. Practically, all naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene （from 60% to 100% of their total mass） and fluorene （14%-99%） were emitted in gaseous form.     

四川省甘孜州康定县高原地热井施工工艺

康定县地热资源丰富,但开发利用少,仅2008-2009年由四川省地质工程勘察院在中谷地区实施地热勘探井2口,钻探深度共计184.96m。DZK02井是部署在四川省雅拉河中上游热水塘区块地热资源大盖沟沟口雅拉河右岸一级阶地上的第一口预探井,设计井深2 000m。钻井施工主要面临地层倾角大、地层出水量大、温度高、岩性破碎等施工难题。施工队伍采用螺杆纠斜、清水控压等钻井工艺,圆满完成了该井的施工任务。为该地区地热水的开发利用进行了有益的尝试。     

地壳岩石的失水熔融实验

以岩石粉末试样的熔融实验为基础的 Ｑ Ａｂ Ｏｒ Ａｎ Ｈ２ Ｏ 体系的相关系表明,地壳岩石的熔融作用遵循矿物相消失所制约的固 液相平衡规律。然而,地壳岩石块状样品开放体系的熔融作用,其熔融机制、矿物相转变、初熔液相成分、残余固相等方面,均与地壳岩石封闭体系的熔融作用有很大差别。石英闪长岩开放体系的熔融实验表明,岩石的熔融首先从含水矿物的脱水熔融开始,从而熔体成分由基性逐渐转变为中酸性,残余固相趋于超酸性。这一实验结果对大陆地区岩浆起源和深部地壳物质组成的研究可能有新的启示。