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21.
采用序批式实验,分别以活性污泥和颗粒污泥为吸附材料,考察接触时间、pH等因素对废水中Pb2+生物吸附效果的影响.结果表明,活性污泥和颗粒污泥对低浓度Pb2+(0~20 mg/L)能在30 min内达到吸附平衡,当Pb2+浓度在20~100 mg/L时,浓度越低,达到平衡时间越快,以被动吸附为主.在Pb2+低浓度条件下(0~20 mg/L),初始pH为4~5时,Pb2+的去除率达99%以上,且初始pH值是影响活性污泥和颗粒污泥生物吸附Pb2+的重要因素.活性污泥和颗粒污泥对Pb2+的生物吸附符合朗缪尔(Langmuir)方程,在pH为4及25 ℃下,活性污泥饱和吸附量为59.88 mg/g,颗粒污泥饱和吸附量为80.65 mg/g.因此,活性污泥和颗粒污泥可作为有效的生物吸附剂处理低浓度(0~20 mg/L)含铅废水,且颗粒污泥比活性污泥的生物吸附效果好. 相似文献
22.
1INTRODUCTIONSeverewaterpolutionandwaterresourcesshortageshavebecometwokeyobstructionstorealizesustainableutilizationofwate... 相似文献
23.
R. A. Crichton 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1994,12(3):183-212
Summary The legislative framework within which the disposal of sewage sludge is managed in England and Wales and the methods employed are outlined. Those factors which affect management decisions are analysed and consideration is given to the environmental implications of those decisions. Sewage processes and sludge disposal are considered, and the problems, especially those of heavy metal contamination, are addressed. An indication is given as to how the Water Services Companies are likely to implement the more stringent controls on disposal. Finally, the future of sludge management in England and Wales is discussed.Abbreviations BAT
Best available technology
- BATNEEC
Best available technology not entailing excessive cost
- BOD5
Biochemical oxygen demand
- BPEO
Best practicable environmental option
- CBI
Confederation of British Industry
- CEST
Centre for Exploitation of Science and Technology
- COD
Chemical oxygen demand
- CSC
Customer Services Committee
- DAF
Dissolved air flotation
- DG
Director General
- DoE
Department of the Environment
- DS
Dried solids 相似文献
24.
去除废水中重金属的低成本吸附剂:生物质和地质材料的环境利用 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
经济、有效、易获得的生物质和地质材料 (及二者的废弃物 )可用来取代传统的活性炭或离子交换树脂用于去除废水中的重金属。已经公开发表的低成本吸附剂主要可分为两类 :(1)生物质 (包括林业和农业的废弃物 ) :树皮 /富含丹宁酸的物质 ,木质素 ,几丁质 /甲壳质 ,死的生物体 ,苔藓 ,海草 /海藻 /褐藻酸 ,废弃的茶叶 ,稻壳 ,羊毛 ,棉花等 ;(2 )地质材料 (包括矿物利用后的工业废弃物 ) :沸石 ,粘土 ,泥炭 ,有铁氧化物包壳的砂 ,粉煤灰等。其中 ,对于重金属具有强吸附能力的吸附剂有甲壳质、沸石和木质素 ,例如 ,它们对一些重金属的最大吸附能力分别为 :甲壳质对Cd ,Hg ,Pb分别为 5 5 8,112 3 ,796mg/g ,沸石对Pb为 15 5 4mg/g ,木质素对Pb为 15 87mg/g。地质材料的环境利用值得引起地学界和环境工程界更广泛的重视。基于地质材料和水岩相互作用机理的环境污染控制技术有望成为 2 1世纪重要的环保替代技术。由于缺少连续的可比性强的成本信息 ,要比较不同的生物质和地质材料的成本和吸附性能仍较困难。尽管已对低成本吸附剂领域进行了很多研究 ,但要更好地了解低成本吸附剂的作用机理及其实用性 ,仍需要做大量的室内和现场工作。 相似文献
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27.
以钠基膨润土为原料制备了镍钛无机交联、有机交联系列改性膨润土,比较了二者对废水中化学需氧量(COD)、Cr(Ⅵ)、色度、浊度的去除效果,探讨了改性膨润土用量、pH值、搅拌时间等因素对实验的影响。结果表明:镍钛有机交联膨润土对COD和Cr(Ⅵ)的处理效果明显优于镍钛无机交联膨润土;二者对浊度和色度处理效果相当。其吸附行为符合Langmuir方程。 相似文献
28.
A comparative mineralogical and geochemical study of sulfide mine tailings at two sites in New Mexico, USA 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A comparative study of sulfide mine tailings from two sites near Silver City in southwest New Mexico has shown the need for environmental monitoring in a geological context. The Cyprus-Piños Altos and Cleveland deposits consist of Cu and Zn skarn mineralization in the Piños Altos Mountains of New Mexico. Primary ore minerals in both deposits include chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena. The Cyprus-Piños Altos Mine ceased operation in 1995 and the Cleveland Mill closed in 1950. The deposits have similar mineralogical characteristics; however, the tailings are different in terms of age, degree of oxidation and method of disposal. The Cyprus-Piños Altos tailings (CPAT) are stored in a lined, bermed impoundment. They are dominantly water-saturated and exhibit no secondary-phase formation. The grains are not cemented and show no evidence of primary-mineral dissolution. The geochemical data show a predominantly primary signature. The tailings pond water is neutral to slightly alkaline (pH?from 7 to 8.3), partly as a result of processing methods. The Cleveland mill tailings (CMT) were deposited in a valley at the headwaters of an ephemeral stream. They are highly oxidized and differentially cemented. They have undergone numerous wet/dry cycles resulting in extensive oxidation. Secondary minerals predominate, and consist mainly of jarosite, goethite, hematite, and Fe-oxyhydroxides and -oxyhydroxysulfates. The pH of the stream draining the CMT is as high as 2.15. Maximum metal contents in the stream immediately downstream from the tailings are 5305?ppm Zn, 454?ppm Cu, 1.16?ppm Pb, 17.5?ppm Cd, 1.4?ppm As, and 0.01?ppm Hg. 相似文献
29.
Graham J. Wilson 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):373-375
The discovery at Stewart Island of a hauling‐out ground regularly used by Hooker's sea lions (Phocarctos hooked) is described, and recent sightings of sea lions in southern New Zealand are reported. An attempted copulation between a male Hooker's sea lion and a dead female fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) is also described. 相似文献
30.
Pettersson M Hahlbeck E Katsiadaki I Asplund L Bengtsson BE 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(12):1868-1880
The potential for endocrine disruption close to sewage treatment plant and pulp mill effluent discharge points along the Swedish Baltic Sea coast was explored using a dual survey strategy employing two stationary fish species. The levels of vitellogenin and spiggin as biomarkers of endocrine disruption were determined in juvenile three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) together with the sex ratios and the presence of intersex. As an indication of exposure, estrogenic and androgenic substances were analysed by GC–MS in bile from perch (Perca fluviatilis L.). Spiggin and vitellogenin levels in juvenile three-spined sticklebacks were generally low, and, for most sampling sites no deviation in gonad type ratios were observed. No remarkable levels of natural or synthetic estrogens or androgens were observed in bile fluid from perch, while bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol were detected in perch from both reference sites and exposed sites. Taken together, the results did not indicate estrogenic or androgenic disruption in the investigated waters. 相似文献