关于数字城市地理空间框架建设的研究

随着我国城市化进程的发展,城市规模不断扩大,传统的城市管理方法远远不能满足现代城市管理的要求。随着＂数字中国＂战略的提出,＂数字城市＂应运而生。当前以＂数字城市＂为标志的城市信息化建设正在全国范围内迅速开展,网络基础设施和空间信息基础设施是数字城市建设中两个最为重要的基础设施,而地理空间框架是空间信息基础设施的重要组成部分,是经济社会信息化发展的基础支撑平台。     

警用电子地图基础平台的设计与研究

警用电子地图基础平台是利用空间地理信息技术,以电子地图为基础,以公安宽带网络为依托,实现公安基础信息基于空间电子地图的可视化查询和分析,为公安业务提供行之有效的管理手段。     

地面数字化测图模拟与仿真平台的三维可视化

介绍地面数字化测图模拟与仿真平台三维建模的基本思想,给出了地面数字化测图模拟与仿真平台三维建模过程和建模中相关问题的解决办法,达到了平台在GIS软件中多方位的动态三维可视化效果。     

Configuration analysis of deepwater S-lay pipeline

The safety of offshore pipeline has drawn a great deal of attention during deepwater installation due to the combined actions of high external pressure, axial tension, and bending moment. Meanwhile, the pipeline configuration has a remarkable effect on the structural behaviour of the tube. The special studies focus on the deepwater S-lay technique in the present paper. The stiffened catenary theory is applied to establish the static equilibrium governing differential equation of a pipe element, and the solution equations of the total pipeline configuration from a lay-barge over a stinger to the seabed are derived. The numerical iteration method for solving pipeline configuration is described in detail, and the corresponding program is developed to conduct the analysis of effects of various parameters such as laying water depth, pipe diameter, thickness of concrete weighted coating layer, stinger length, control strain, and axial tension on pipeline configuration. The results show that the laying water depth, the submerged weight of the pipe, and the axial tension are the critical factors influencing pipeline configuration. In addition, geometrical parameters of the stinger such as length, radius, and shape have an important effect on the pipe-laying capacity of the vessel. The validity of the program is further verified by means of a comparison with results obtained from the commercial finite element software OFFPIPE.     

华北地块北缘金矿预测

对华北地块北缘的金矿进行了成因分类,共分为3大类7亚类.利用地质体单元法对3大金矿类型进行了单元划分,共划分出214个单元.在综合信息成矿理论的指导下,对本区的岩浆重熔热液型金矿、岩浆同熔热液型金矿床以及火山-次火山热液型金矿床分别采用特征分析,对矿产资源的产出位置进行了估计,采用成矿概率估计对各单元的成矿可能性进行分级,共预测出24个最有远景的工作区.     

海上油藏勘探经济评价方法——以胜利滩海地区为例

正油气勘探经济评价是勘探项目可行性研究的重要组成部分,在此之前经济评价是从探明储量上报开始,在勘探阶段对经济评价工作研究较少,缺乏一套适应当前油气勘探市场形势的经济评价理论和方法(郭元岭,2005)。海上油藏相较于陆上成本更高、风险更大,因此本文针对海上油藏勘探开发特点,利用现金流法建立计算模型,由于勘探阶段资料相对匮乏,本次主要通过数据统计和类比等方法,以最简化的方式     

海域金矿找矿方法研究——以山东省莱州市三山岛北部海域金矿为例

莱州市三山岛北部海域金矿区是世界上第一个查明的海域岩金矿。它通过追索延伸至海域的三山岛断裂,圈定破金找矿靶区。利用海域高精度磁测和浅地层剖面测量配合海上钻探,找到了海域大型金矿。以三山岛海域金矿普查为依托,研究出来的这套海域金矿找矿方法和海上钻探平台,可为今后开展海域金及其它与断裂有关的矿产资源找矿,提供指导和借鉴。     

The seagrass skeletal assemblage from modern to fossil and from tropical to temperate: Insight from Maldivian and Mediterranean examples

Seagrasses are marine angiosperms that form extensive submarine meadows in the photic zone where carbonate producing biota dwell as epiphytes on the leaves or as infaunal forms, and act as prolific carbonate sediment factories. Because seagrasses have a low preservation potential and records of exceptionally well‐preserved and plant material from marine settings are rare, these palaeoenvironments are difficult to identify in the rock record. Consequently, sedimentological and palaeontological proxies are the main indicators of the presence of seagrass‐dominated ecosystems. This work investigates the skeletal assemblage of Modern (Maldivian and western Mediterranean) and fossil (Eocene; Apula and Oman carbonate platforms and Oligocene; Malta platform) seagrass examples to characterize the skeletal assemblage of modern and fossil seagrasses. Two main types of grains, calcareous algae and foraminifera, constitute around 50% of the bioclastic sediment in both tropical Maldivian and temperate Mediterranean scenarios. However, in the tropical setting they are represented by green algae (Halimeda), while in the Mediterranean they are represented by corallinacean red algae. In contrast, in the Eocene examples, the foraminifera are the most conspicuous group and the green algae are also abundant. The opposite occurs in the Maltese Chattian, which is dominated by coralline algae (mean 42%), although the foraminifera are still abundant. It is suggested to use the term foralgal to identify the seagrass skeletal assemblage. To discriminate between red algae and green algae dominance, the introduction of the prefixes ‘GA’ (green algae) and ‘RA’ (red algae) is proposed. The investigated examples provide evidence that the green algae–foralgal assemblage is typical of tropical, not excessively dense seagrass meadows, characterized by a well‐illuminated substrate to support the development and calcification of the Halimeda thallus. Contrarily, the red algae‐foralgal assemblage is typical of high density tropical to subtropical seagrass meadows which create very dense oligophotic conditions on the sea floor or in temperate settings where Halimeda cannot calcify.     

扬子地台西南缘朱家坝辉绿岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

近年来在扬子西缘大量的早—中元古代岩浆岩证据显示扬子地台内形成的断陷盆地及早中元古代岩浆岩与全球性的Columbia超大陆裂解事件有着密不可分的联系。这种联系主要表现在区内早中元古代的岩浆岩地球化学特征上。为了探讨武定裂陷槽朱家坝辉绿岩的地球化学特征及其意义,以12块朱家坝辉绿岩的地球化学分析数据为基础,在分析了其主微量和稀土元素的特征之后发现朱家坝辉绿岩w(SiO_2)为44.16%～48.08%,w(K_2O+Na_2O)为3.54%～4.26%,在化学成分上属于钙碱性岩石;其稀土元素的总量为183.1×10^-6～206.91×10^-6,LREE/HREE=1.44～1.96,表明在其形成过程中发生了明显的地壳混然或者是岩浆分异作用,其化学成分基本可以反映出岩浆源区的化学组成特征。基于此,对朱家坝辉绿岩进行了源区性质、构造环境和可能的成因机制探讨,认为朱家坝辉绿岩形成于拉张环境之中,很有可能是在昆阳裂谷形成初期形成,其岩浆来源于较富集的地幔源区,形成过程中几乎没有地壳物质参与。     

北黄海盆地东部坳陷勘探突破对我国近海残留“黑色侏罗系”油气勘探的启示

最新的勘探和研究证实,北黄海盆地东部坳陷发育了中、上侏罗统2套有效烃源岩并以上侏罗统为主力烃源岩层,在其供烃范围内形成了上侏罗统-下白垩统"下生上储式"和中-上侏罗统"自生自储式"2类成藏组合,取得了我国东部海域以侏罗系为唯一源岩的含油气盆地勘探突破。为进一步探索我国近海盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的资源潜力和勘探前景,本文采用地震-地质综合解释、烃源岩地球化学分析、盆地模拟等方法,综合分析了我国近海主要盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的分布和地球化学特征。结果表明,我国近海残留侏罗系暗色泥岩烃源岩非均质性较强,多属"中等"级别,局部发育"中等-好"、"中等-差"级别烃源岩,侏罗系烃源岩大多存在早（J₃-K₁）、晚（E₂末-N₁）2期生、排烃高峰,生烃总量达1.4×10¹¹ t,资源前景乐观,预测可形成侏罗系"自生自储式"和侏罗系-白垩系（或新生界）"下生上储式"2类源储组合。