地震观测无人值守台站信息智能化观测系统研究

为了保证地震观测台站的正常运行,解决当前台站动行观测系统存在的抗干扰性不高、观测结果与实际结果不一致,资源利用不足及工作效率不高等问题,利用多种技术相结合的方式,设计一套集设备管理、地震观测无人值守台站信息采集、信息通讯、信息管理与应用为一体的地震观测无人值守台站信息智能化观测系统。考虑到地震观测台站工作任务的特殊性,分析台站运行状态观测系统应具备的功能;为了实现实时监测、及时抢修以及远程操控,采用具有双通道可切换的12 V稳压直流电源和UPS作为观测系统供电设备,采用有线、无线双线路备份的方式集成网络通信系统,并实现人机交互设计;在此基础上,重点设计包括用户管理、值班工作管理、台站设备管理、台站运行状态观测、故障预警以及故障派单及抢修等系统软件部分,完成系统设计。性能测试结果表明,设计系统能够在网络中断时继续保持信息传输连续率,工作效率较高,具有较强的抗干扰性、稳定性和可靠性,同时没有造成较大的资源浪费。     

泉州地区三套TJ-2C钻孔体应变观测资料对比分析

泉州地区目前存在的三套TJ-2C钻孔体应变仪整点值都能清晰地记录到应变固体潮汐,分钟值能记录到部分远大震应变波、震前异常阶跃等动态信息。由于不同的测点因其所处地质构造和钻孔自身岩性、岩石完整性、埋深等情况不同,其受干扰的影响程度和监测地震前兆异常的能力都可能存在着不同,并且观测曲线表现为较复杂的异常形态。对2015年这三套仪器观测资料进行对分析,从中找出更能真实反映地球内部应力变化的测点。     

Analysis on the Characteristics of the Kalpin MS5.3 Earthquake Sequence of December 1, 2013 and Anomalies before the Earthquake

This paper introduces the basic parameters, focal mechanism solutions and earthquake sequence characteristics of the Kalpin M_S5.3 earthquake sequence of December 1, 2013, and analyzed seismic activity before the earthquake, the adjacent tectonic features and the precursory anomaly at fixed points within a range of 200km. Research indicates:(1) The earthquake occurred on Kalpin fault, the source rupture type is thrust faulting with sinistral strike-slip component. (2) The earthquake sequence is mainshock-aftershock type, with the aftershock distribution attenuating quickly and trending NE. (3) Abnormal seismic activity before the earthquake was characterized by seismically nesting quiescence of M_S2.0-4.0 earthquakes, seismic quiescence of M_S4.0 earthquakes and seismic belts of M_S3.0 earthquakes in the Kalpin block, abnormal enhancement zone of moderate earthquakes on Puchang fault and seismological parameters. (4) Anomalies of precursory observation data at fixed stations are mainly characterized by mutation. Apart from the borehole tiltmeter in Halajun, the spatial distribution of other abnormal precursors showed a phenomenon of migration from the near field to far field and from the epicenter to the peripheries.     

常熟地震台形变与流体数字观测资料报表打印软件

概述了常熟地震台形变与流体数字观测资料报表打印软件设计思路、使用功能及使用效果。     

单台测震分析辅助软件的设计及实现

介绍了一种适合于单台测震分析的辅助软件。该软件对我国需要的测震五日报及月报报告,具有全面的处理能力;对EDSP-IAS测震分析软件形成的震相文件,通过自动计算可以生成地震报告,无须人工干预;对台站经常使用的震相走时便查表可以方便的采用任意两个参数进行查询;对台站涉及的震级计算、震中距计算等功能提供良好的运用界面。从腾冲台的实际运用效果来看,该软件可以为台站测震分析提供一个比较理想的辅助工具。     

洛阳地震台依法保护地震观测环境的实践与分析

分析了洛阳地震台依法保护地震观测环境的实践,认为这是一项长期性、复杂性的重要工作,需要建立一支地震观测和法律相结合的专业队伍,提出了保护工作要坚持的5项原则。保护工作,一方面要提高地震监测设施的抗干扰能力,另一方面,要敢于执法、善于执法,发挥政府机关对保护工作的积极作用。     

Gottfried Konecny:the ambassador of photogrammetry and remote sensing for 75 years

A 90th birthday would be a milestone celebration for any person,but exceptionally rare if the person is still active after 75 years of working and serving the photogrammetric and remote sensing communities worldwide.This unprecedented career is the motivation to reflect on the technological developments of the past 75 years in the light of Gottfried Konecny's lifetime achievements.I started to get to know Gottfried not long before he officially retired from the Institute for Photogrammetry and Engineering Surveys in 1998.Furthermore,I was not even born when he,as a young and talented scholar supported by the Fulbright Scholarship from the US Government,arrived at the Ohio State University(OSU),which has been my professional home for three decades.In the second half of Gottfried's 75-year career,the technological changes have been phenomenal,and,furthermore,shown an accelerating trend in the past few years.It is absolutely remarkable how Gottfried has been able to keep up with these rapid changes and advancing technologies and exploits them for mapping and,in general,for all the users of the geospatial field at large.Additionally,his open-minded and kind personality has been always a major plus to his technical skills and experiences,and ultimately helped him assist many colleagues to advance their careers,and along the way developed and increased the use of geospatial data and systems in support of many countries worldwide.     

地面气象观测业务集成平台

详细介绍了自主开发的"气象站观测业务集成平台"。该平台是台站普遍使用的测报业务软件基础上的一个扩展平台软件,主要实现自动气象观测站的运行监控、通信链路监控、数据质量检查、重要天气提示、自动报警、业务工作流程提示、自动排班、质量报表生成、设备管理、通信质量统计等功能。综合运用3G移动通信和信息化技术,与现行的地面气象观测业务软件相配套,对于提高测报业务质量、减轻测报人员的工作强度、实现气象探测业务自动化发挥了重要作用。     

天气现象仪自动化观测资料对比分析

介绍2011年12月至2012年6月在北京市观象台、庐山气象局对目前一些天气现象仪所进行的对比观测试验的过程和结果分析。参与此次为期7个月的对比观测试验仪器有3种类型,每种类型配备3套,分别由3家厂商提供。试验采用人工目测辅助摄像作为参考标准,测试了这些天气现象仪对各种不同天气现象观测的准确性。结果表明:各仪器观测降水现象的数据准确性均大于90%,能够满足业务需求。区分降水强度时,各仪器的降水捕获率在70%以上(雨强大于0.01mm/h);微量降水(雨强小于0.01mm/h)和混合型降水,各仪器降水捕获率相对较低。仪器观测视程障碍现象的数据准确性均大于80%,能够满足业务需求。其他现象由于样本数量相对较少,需要更多进一步试验,并改进算法。     

冰雹形成原理和观测方法

分析了冰雹形成的物理过程,并根据多年对冰雹云的观测判断经验,总结出观测冰雹的方法。