Origin of a native sulfur chimney in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field, offshore northeast Taiwan

Analyses of rare earth and trace element concentrations of native sulfur samples from the Kueishantao hydrothermal field were performed at the Seafloor Hydrothermal Activity Laboratory of the Key Labo-ratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Using an Elan DRC II ICP-MS, and combining the sulfur isotopic compositions of native sulfur samples, we studied the sources and formation of a native sulfur chimney. The results show, when comparing them with native sulfur from crater lakes and other volcanic areas, that the native sulfur content of this chimney is very high (99.96%), the rare earth element (REE) and trace element constituents of the chimney are very low (ΣREE<21×10?9), and the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the native sulfur samples are similar to those of the Kueishantao andesite, implying that the interaction of subseafloor fluid-andesite at the Kueishantao hydrothermal field was of short duration. The sulfur isotopic compo-sitions of the native sulfur samples reveal that the sulfur of the chimney, from H2S and SO2, originated by magmatic degassing and that the REEs and trace elements are mostly from the Kueishantao ande-site and partly from seawater. Combining these results with an analysis of the thermodynamics, it is clear that from the relatively low temperature (<116 ℃ ), the oxygenated and acidic environment is favorable for formation of this native sulfur chimney in the Kueishantao hydrothermal field.     

Aseismic negative dislocation model and deformation analysis of crustal horizontal movement during 1999~2001 in the northeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang block

Introduction So small is the hypocenter area of strong earthquake, but its formation is controlled by time-space evolution of present-day crustal movement in wider-range area, and related to motion and deformation of active blocks and their boundary faults. Aseismic negative dislocation model presented by Matsuura, et al (1986) is that, the relative motion between blocks driven by present-day crustal movement may be partly locked at the block …     

东日本地震在北京GNSS连续观测站E分量的反应

Several new demands have been put forward for the application of the Beijing continuous GNSS observations due to some particular reasons,such as the limited coverage of the observation network,the different construction and management criterion executed by different units and the intense interference resulting from human activity. In this paper,necessary processing of data is carried out, including more accurate calculation,corrections to the replacement,outliers and relocation of equipment,and elimination of linear trends in the E-component for every station. The E-components of the 16 available stations showed a lower sawtooth wave anomaly( s lowly westward propagating) b efore the2011 Tohoku M W9. 0 earthquake,a coseismic step rebound( rapid eastward propagating)and a post-seismic Ω-shaped recovery. These steps constituted a complete earthquake process which was rarely seen before in the GNSS observations and provides a good example for further study. Moreover, t he rapid eastward propagating during the earthquake is not influenced by the size of the given normal values,which may play a significant role in earthquake forecasting and early warning.     

日本全球海-气耦合模式对中国夏季降水的预测试验

为了提高中国夏季降水预测能力,首次采用日本地球环境前沿研究中心的全球海-气耦合环流模式(SINTEX—F),对1982—2004年中国160个测站的夏季降水进行了预测试验。通过与实况资料进行检验,对比分析表明,该模式对中国夏季降水具有较好的预测能力,尤其是对长江流域夏季异常降水预测较好,这对今后中国夏季降水预测具有一定的参考价值。     

北半球环状模(NAM)、东北冷涡与前汛期华南旱涝

利用中国气象局国家气象信息中心提供的1951-2004年全国160站月平均降水资料和欧洲中心提供的ERA-40再分析资料，对近50年华南前汛期降水、东北冷涡、前期北半球环状模和海温的关系进行了统计分析，定义了一个前汛期东北冷涡强度指数（NECVI），结果表明：前汛期东北冷涡强度与华南降水存在显著的正相关，东北冷涡强年，华南降水偏多，前期2-3月份北半球环状模（NAM）偏弱；反之，东北冷涡偏弱年，华南降水偏少，前期2-3月份NAM偏强。此外，前汛期东北冷涡的强度和前期的中国近海海温存在显著的负相关，前期的NAM和中国近海海温的异常可以作为前汛期东北冷涡异常的一个前兆信号，进而为华南地区前汛期降水异常的预测提供参考依据。     

东北印度洋深海记录基本特征及其对青藏高原隆升的响应

本文在综合东北印度洋域5支深海钻芯和7支活塞柱状芯资料的基础上,对该区沉积作用及其形成的记录与北部山脉和高原隆升的关系进行讨论.过去有关深海记录对造山带构造活动响应的研究多集中于孟加拉浊积扇,而90°E海岭的远洋沉积记录通过海气相互作用系统作为中介,可能包含响应隆升的重大环境信号.初步研究表明,远洋记录中的碳酸盐含量、有孔虫的形态结构和若干微量元素特征的剧变期与已知的高原构造阶段存在密切的对应关系,其中,距今8Ma、3.7Ma、0.8Ma和0.16Ma所反映的变化尤为突出.     

赣东北地区燕山晚期火山岩同位素年代学研究

Rb-Sr,K-Ar及锆石U－Pb等同位素年代学研究表明，研究区燕山晚期火山岩的形成时限为91．7－128．3Ma，属早白垩世；基火山夺可分为2个岩浆活动旋回－石溪旋回与周家店旋回，其年龄分别为91．7－110．8Ma与119．2－128．3Ma，与赣杭构造－火山岩带2次主要的铀矿化年龄吻合，表明铀成矿与该时期岩浆活动具有密切关系。     

E-Defense建设与相关研究

详细介绍了目前世界最大三维地震模拟振动台现代先进的技术性能与测控系统,以及E-De-fense别名与徽标寓意、建设背景与意义、设施组成与功能、运行组织与管理、服务与研究计划、已完成研究项目、成果公布与共享途径、利用形式与申请程序等若干引起关注的问题,并简述了日本大大特研究计划及其在E-Defense实施内容,同时提出了我们利用E-Defense开展相关研究的一点建议,以供我国基于E-Defense试验条件寻求与日本合作时参考。     

新西海桥的非线性地震响应分析

本文讨论了日本第一座公路钢管混凝土拱桥——主跨230m的新西海桥的非线性地震响应特性。采用三维有限元计算模型,用纤维单元法考虑钢管混凝土的材料非线性,用P-δ效应考虑几何非线性,讨论了在纵桥向地震作用、横桥向地震作用以及纵、横桥两方向同时作用情况下该桥的非线性地震响应特性和抗震性能。计算表明,在纵桥向地震作用时轴力的作用显著,拱脚附近产生的内力较大;而横桥向地震作用时轴力和面外弯矩作用显著,拱脚以及拱肋与桥面连接附近产生的内力较大;横向地震响应远大于纵向地震响应;应考虑纵、横桥向地震力共同作用的影响。     

青藏高原东北缘小水子地区晚中新世-上新世生态演化及其意义

晚中新世-上新世古生态演化是探讨构造-气候-生态环境相互耦合作用的热点议题,该时段不同区域C4植物是否发生大规模扩张及其在时空维度上如何演化等问题尚存争议.以青藏高原东北缘小水子红黏土为研究对象,基于总有机碳同位素重建了小水子地区晚中新世-上新世(6.7～3.6 Ma)的植物生态型,并结合周边结果对C3/C4植被时空演...