鄂尔多斯盆地天然气有效储层识别与评价方法

针对鄂尔多斯盆地天然气勘探开发存在的问题,通过对测井资料及天然气测试资料的分析,建立适合识别天然气有效储层的测井响应特征归一化方法,以及根据测井资料重构天然气有效储层特征曲线的方法,探索了根据测井资料评价天然气产能的方法.本文还分析了目前常用的预测天然气产能方法存在的问题及实际应用中欠缺的条件,形成了以中子、声波、密度测井资料为基本特征参数,用自然伽马、自然电位或电阻率比值参数等作为约束条件的天然气有效储层识别技术及天然气产能评价方法,并对实际测井资料进行了处理.没有试图通过井径校正的方法将受井径扩大影响的曲线恢复到原始地层的响应状态,而是通过极值变化消除井径扩大对声波、密度测井资料在天然气有效储层识别及天然气产能评价方面应用的影响.     

地形变信息流合成用于首都圈震情判定的研究

将首都圈大量的跨断层流动短水准、短基线资料进行了全时空的处理,先后有四点组斜率法和信息标准化方法将全部资料处理成标准化信息流,然后分别进行效益判定,从中选择出了七项信息效益指标相对最好的资料进行了信息合成,合成后得到了比较好的结果。     

The Lissajous transformation III. Parametric bifurcations

We examine a parametric family of cubic perturbed 1-1 resonant harmonic oscillators with an aim to understanding the phase flows of the reduced system. Variation of the parameters leads the system through five bifurcations of different types. Some bifurcations are due to passage through cases of discrete symmetry or integrability. A conjecture correlating degenerate equilibria in reduced systems with integrability is modified and reinforced.     

Assessment of metals in sediments from Lake Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia, using normalisation models and sediment quality guidelines

Industrial activity since the 1890s and, more recently catchment development has resulted in significant metal contamination in Lake Macquarie, an estuary in New South Wales, Australia. This paper presents an analysis of metal concentrations in surface sediments from Lake Macquarie using normalisation models to estimate enrichment relative to natural background concentrations and by comparing concentrations with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and effects range median quotients to assess the potential for ecological harm. Of the 12 metals examined, cadmium, lead, mercury, selenium, silver and zinc were enriched in surface sediments throughout the lake. The greatest contamination was found in the north of the lake and, for selenium, also in areas adjacent to two power stations. Comparisons with SQGs and effects range median quotients found that sediments from a site in Cockle Bay had concentrations of metals with the highest likelihood of causing adverse effects on sediment associated biota, and that the likelihood adverse decreased with distance from Cockle Bay. Comparisons with historical sediment quality data indicated that there has been a marked reduction in surface metal concentrations throughout the lake over 15 years. Models could not be constructed for all metals due to low background concentrations. For most metals, simple linear regression models were adequate, but for selenium and arsenic a multiple regression model provided a better estimate of background concentrations. SQGs possibly overestimated effects for arsenic, which has naturally high concentrations in the lake and underestimated the potential for ecological effects in coarser sediments.     

上海地区城市化速度与降水空间分布变化的关系研究

采用1960-2007年上海地区11个站的逐日降水资料,基于空间标准化相对降水量,研究上海城市化进程不同阶段的降水空间分布变化.结果表明,伴随城郊城市化进程差异的显著加快,上海年降水量的空间差异增大.城市化进程的快速增长期,年降水量和暴雨以上的强降水日数呈现出明显的城市雨岛分布特征;在城市化进程的缓慢增长期,该特征则不...     

一种基于归一化扰动模型的积雪和植被覆盖度反演方法

积雪和植被的覆盖范围对于研究气候变化和水资源平衡、生态环境状况具有重要的意义,但它们的光谱曲线具有较强的时空变异性,难以获取精确的覆盖度产品。针对线性混合像元分解算法在积雪和植被覆盖度反演中噪声和光谱变异带来的误差,本文提出了一种基于归一化扰动模型的积雪和植被覆盖度反演方法,并选用了3个不同的区域（单独的积雪覆盖区、单独的植被覆盖区、积雪和植被混合的覆盖区）来验证所提出框架的可行性。研究结果表明：① 该方法单独反演积雪覆盖度的均方根误差为0.172,单独植被覆盖度反演均方根误差为0.223,积雪和植被覆盖度混合反演的均方根误差分别为0.185和0.249,3种方案均有较高的精度;② 对影像与端元组进行归一化后,降低了光谱异质性,在此方法下的扰动混合模型可以有效地减弱MODIS影像光谱变化和噪声带来的误差;③ 针对MODIS影像,该框架获取的积雪覆盖度相对于植被覆盖度具有更高的精度。今后将进一步发展类似的积雪覆盖度与雪粒径协同反演算法。     

原状黄土的压缩曲线特性

原状黄土是一种具有结构强度的欠压密土,其侧限压缩变形特性区别于一般土。为研究原状黄土侧限压缩变形的共性,对西安、兰州6个场地不同含水率的原状Q3、Q2黄土进行了侧限压缩试验,得到了相应场地不同含水率原状黄土的压缩曲线,分析了其压缩曲线的形态,通过曲线对应的压缩屈服应力及初始孔隙比,将各黄土不同含水率下的压缩曲线归一化为同一曲线,且形成时代相同的黄土归一化曲线位置相同,并利用复合幂?指数模式分别描述了Q3、Q2黄土归一化的曲线。将文献中试验黄土的初始孔隙比与压缩屈服应力代入归一化曲线的表达式,计算得其压缩曲线和压缩性指标。经对比,与文献实测压缩曲线及压缩性指标很接近,验证了黄土压缩曲线的归一化特性并对其进行了应用。结果表明：试验黄土压缩曲线具有可被其初始孔隙比和压缩屈服应力归一化的特性,此特性为黄土侧限变形性质的分析提供了一条便捷的途径。     

Normalization of seismic quantities and units

In the seismological field, attention paid to the problem concerning the normalization of seismic quantities and their units has not been enough all along.     

利用多种地形变资料联合求解华北地区水平应变场

阐述了以不同类型不同尺度的地形变资料联合解算应变场的方法。利用华北地区 1995～ 1996年GPS观测成果与首都圈跨断层水平形变流动测距资料进行联合解算 ,所得边长变化率的尺度统一归化 ,获得了华北地区水平应变场的分布图像。