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801.
甘改—玉树断裂带的近代地震与未来地震趋势估计 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
通过对甘改-玉树断裂带上近代地震的震级,震中位置和地震地表破裂的空间展布特征的研究,采用Nishenko和Buland发展的“特征地震复发时间通用分布”概率模型,即“NB”模型,对甘孜玉树断裂带各段落未来50a内强震趋势进行了估计。 相似文献
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Estimating Variogram Uncertainty 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The variogram is central to any geostatistical survey, but the precision of a variogram estimated from sample data by the method of moments is unknown. It is important to be able to quantify variogram uncertainty to ensure that the variogram estimate is sufficiently accurate for kriging. In previous studies theoretical expressions have been derived to approximate uncertainty in both estimates of the experimental variogram and fitted variogram models. These expressions rely upon various statistical assumptions about the data and are largely untested. They express variogram uncertainty as functions of the sampling positions and the underlying variogram. Thus the expressions can be used to design efficient sampling schemes for estimating a particular variogram. Extensive simulation tests show that for a Gaussian variable with a known variogram, the expression for the uncertainty of the experimental variogram estimate is accurate. In practice however, the variogram of the variable is unknown and the fitted variogram model must be used instead. For sampling schemes of 100 points or more this has only a small effect on the accuracy of the uncertainty estimate. The theoretical expressions for the uncertainty of fitted variogram models generally overestimate the precision of fitted parameters. The uncertainty of the fitted parameters can be determined more accurately by simulating multiple experimental variograms and fitting variogram models to these. The tests emphasize the importance of distinguishing between the variogram of the field being surveyed and the variogram of the random process which generated the field. These variograms are not necessarily identical. Most studies of variogram uncertainty describe the uncertainty associated with the variogram of the random process. Generally however, it is the variogram of the field being surveyed which is of interest. For intensive sampling schemes, estimates of the field variogram are significantly more precise than estimates of the random process variogram. It is important, when designing efficient sampling schemes or fitting variogram models, that the appropriate expression for variogram uncertainty is applied. 相似文献
806.
趋势面分析在山西朔州王坪井田构造研究中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对王坪井田3号煤层底板起伏变化大.严重影响开拓及采煤巷道布置的现状.利用趋势面分析的方法.分析了井田内的构造展布规律.研究表明.井田在主向斜的基础上.存在次级背斜和NE和NW两组断裂.与本区受到多期次的构造应力场作用相吻合.得出的3号煤层底板高程二次趋势面方程.可为3号煤层开拓及采煤巷道的设计提供地质依据. 相似文献
807.
Ronald D. Andrus Paramananthan Piratheepan Brian S. Ellis Jianfeng Zhang C. Hsein Juang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(9-10):713
Three methods that follow the general format of the Seed-Idriss simplified procedure for evaluating liquefaction resistance of soils are compared in this paper. They are compared by constructing relationships between penetration resistance and small-strain shear–wave velocity (VS) implied from cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) curves for the three methods, and by plotting penetration-VS data pairs. The penetration-VS data pairs are from 43 Holocene-age sand layers in California, South Carolina, Canada, and Japan. It is shown that the VS-based CRR curve is more conservative than CRR curves based on the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Cone Penetration Test (CPT), for the compiled Holocene data. This result agrees with the findings of a recent probability study where the SPT-, CPT-, and VS-based CRR curves were characterized as curves with average probability of liquefaction of 31, 50, and 26%, respectively. New SPT- and CPT-based CRR equations are proposed that provide more consistent assessments of liquefaction potential for the Holocene sand layers considered. 相似文献
808.
H. S. Kim D. S. Kang J. H. Kim 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2003,17(1-2):104-115
The conventional nonparametric tests have been widely used in many fields for the residual analysis of a fitted model on
observations. Also, in recent, a new technique called the BDS (Brock–Dechert–Scheinkman) statistic has been shown that it
can be used as a powerful tool for the residual analysis, especially, of a nonlinear system. The purpose of this study is
to compare the powers of the nonparametric tests and BDS statistic by residual analysis of the fitted models. This study evaluates
stochastic models for four monthly rainfalls in Korea through the residual analysis by using the conventional nonparametric
and BDS statistics. We use SARIMA and AR Error models for fitting each rainfall and perform the residual analysis by using
the test techniques. As a result, we find that the BDS statistic is more reasonable than the conventional nonparametric tests
for the residual analysis and AR Error model may be more appropriate than SARIMA model for modeling of monthly rainfalls.
This work was supported by grant No. R01-2001-000-00474-0 from the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science & Engineering
Foundation. 相似文献
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