Nonlinear dynamic analysis of multi-base seismically isolated structures with uplift potential I： formulation

The complexity of modern seismically isolated structures requires the analysis of the structural system and the isolation system in its entirety and the ability to capture potential discontinuous phenomena such as isolator uplift and their effects on the superstructures and the isolation hardware. In this paper, an analytical model is developed and a computational algorithm is formulated to analyze complex seismically isolated superstructures even when undergoing highly-nonlinear phenomena such as uplift. The computational model has the capability of modeling various types of isolation devices with strong nonlinearities, analyzing multiple superstructures (up to five separate superstructures) on multiple bases (up to five bases), and capturing the effects of lateral loads on bearing axial forces, including bearing uplift. The model developed herein has been utilized to form the software platform 3D-BASIS-ME-MB, which provides the practicing engineering community with a versatile tool for analysis and design of complex structures with modern isolation systems.     

泰勒展开近似 带连续性约束的L1范数方法用于多次波自适应相减(英文)

一次波L1范数最小化的多次波自适应相减方法,简称L1方法,是基于匹配滤波器设计的多次波自适应相减算法中的一种常用方法.当一次波和多次波混杂在一起时,L1方法有时会伤害一次波,导致一次波同相轴的连续性变差.本文利用预测误差滤波器度量一次波同相轴的连续性,在L1方法的皋础上,提出一种能够在压制多次波的同时,尽量保持一次波同相轴连续性的多次波自适戍相减算法,简称连续性约束L1方法.利用Pluto模犁数据进行多次波相减的结果表明,连续性约束L1方法能够在有效压制多次波的同时,更好地保护一次波.     

三步组合法衰减深水多次波

深水地震资料多次波具有能量强、周期长的特点,降低了资料的信噪比,是处理人员面临的首要问题。多次波衰减效果的好坏,直接影响着最终成像效果及后期储层反演结果的真实性。分析深水多次波的类型、成因和特征,并研究各种多次波衰减技术的优缺点和适用性,最终合理组合多方法、分步衰减多次波是关键。以南海A区深水地震资料为例,通过组合优选基于模型的SRME技术和高分辨率Radon技术进行了实际应用,并就出现的剩余多次波给予分析和改进,提出了“三步法”衰减深水多次波,应用后取得了显著的多次波衰减效果。     

斑节对虾形态性状对体质量影响的分析

经济性状是对虾遗传育种的重要指标, 形态参数对于经济性状的贡献率是选育参数的重要依据。为了研究斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)表型性状间的相关性及影响体质量的因素组成, 随机选取1 339 尾6 月龄对虾, 对其形态性状(体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲高、头胸甲宽)和体质量性状5 个数量性状进行测量, 并应用相关分析、多元回归、通径分析、决定系数等方法讨论了形态性状对体质量性状的影响。结果表明, 所测各形态性状间的相关性均达到极显著水平(P<0.01); 其中体长(P=0.563)对体质量的直接影响较大, 是影响体质量的主要因素。决定系数分析结果与通径分析结果一致, 各表型性状对体质量的总决定系数Σd=0.925, 表明所选性状是影响体质量的主要性状。通过逐步回归分析方法,经偏回归系数显著性检验, 建立了体质量为因变量, 体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲高和头胸甲宽为自变量的多元回归回归方程:Y= –22.489 + 0.22X₁+ 0.191X₂+ 0.339X₃+ 0.296X₄, 为斑节对虾选育提供了理论依据。     

Geochemical constraints on mixed source and hydrocarbon filling process in the Yingjisu Sag,Tarim Basin,Xinjiang

The Yingjisu Sag was petroliferous for normal oil, condensate oil, reservoir bitumen and natural gases. Geochemical studies showed that natural gases in the Yingjisu Sag were a gas mixture consisting mainly of Cambrian pyrolysis gas, Jurassic condensate oil in well Yingnan 2 and normal oil in well Tadong 2, reflecting the characteristics of marine-phase gases and oils, while crude oils in well Longkou 1 demonstrated the characteristics of both marine and terrestrial oils, which were derived from lower algae and higher plants. Jurassic oils from wells Longkou 1 and Huayingcan 1 and Cambrian crude oils from well Tadong 2 were derived mainly from Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rocks. Jurassic and Silurian reservoir bitumens from well Yingnan 2 were biodegradated, suggesting they are of marine and terrestrial origins. The bitumens have similar geochemical characteristics, which are correlated well with Ordovician crude oils from well Tadong 2 and Jurassic condensate oil from well Yingnan 2. Based on the characteristics of tectonic evolution in this area and the analysis of hydrocarbon accumulation, the constraints on the mixed source and hydrocarbon filling process in the Yingjisu Sag were brought forward.     

2008年新疆乌恰M6.7地震多参量时空变化特征研究

研究与孕震过程相关的多种地球物理和地球化学参量的变化特征,可为进一步理解孕震过程中不同圈层多参数的耦合机理提供依据。基于NOAA卫星观测资料分析了2008年乌恰M6.7级地震前后长波辐射异常变化,根据异常时空特征与地震时空窗的对应关系检测到震前的长波辐射异常信息。结合卫星观测获得的地气系统地表温度、大气温度、大气相对湿度、大气压力、一氧化碳含量等地球物理和地球化学参量,基于DTS（Deviation-Time-Space）准则开展了多参量综合分析。结果表明,长波辐射异常点位上的地表温度、大气温度及大气相对湿度在地震前存在耦合关系,而检测到的一氧化碳异常出现在震后4 d,这可能与本次地震的断层特性及震后余震频发有关。此外,震前5—10 d出现的大气压力突变也可能对地震发生起到触发作用。因此,建议将地气系统中长波辐射的异常变化看作与地震活动相关的重要参量,其他地气系统参量作为辅助参量,在未来的地震监测研究中应重视多参量间的耦合及关联性研究。     

基于数据一致性预测与压制自由表面多次波--理论研究与试处理

从声波波场理论出发,首先在不考虑自由表面反射的情况下研究了有效波波场传播及反射规律,继而考虑自由表面反射的情况,并详尽推导了压制自由表面多次波的正演和反演数学模型。从物理本质上对自由表面多次波的产生、预测及压制做了深入的剖析,讨论了基于数据一致性时空域褶积的多次波预测方法原理,实现了自由表面相关多次波自适应压制的迭代方法过程。复杂起伏海底的理论模型试算实例表明：在多次波产生系统非常复杂的情况下,本方法仍能非常有效地压制各种与自由表面相关的多次波,同时还能很好地保持有效波的能量,取得了很好的压制多次波效果。     

利用多次波和二维匹配滤波的近偏移距数据重构方法

在地震资料采集时,受地表条件、震源等因素的影响,几乎无法采集到近偏移距数据,不利于后续数据的处理。针对这一问题,研究了一种利用多次波和二维匹配滤波的近偏移距数据重构方法。首先给出了由表层多次波构建准一次波的互相关方法;然后在时间-空间滑动窗口内利用准一次波计算二维匹配滤波器,并用该滤波器重构近偏移距数据;最后使用均方根振幅校正方法校正重构数据的振幅。整个数据重构的过程在频率域进行,避免了基于维纳滤波方法求取滤波器的大量计算;同时使用快速傅里叶变换算法,提高了计算效率。与一维匹配滤波的近偏移距重构方法相比,采用二维匹配滤波方法的重构数据在空间上连续性更好。通过对Sigsbee 2B数据的处理及实际资料的测试,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

Prediction of peak particle velocity using multi regression analysis: case studies

Ground vibrations produced from blasting operations cause structural vibrations, which may weaken structure if it occurs at the resonant frequency. Measurable parameters associated with ground vibrations are peak particle velocity (PPV), amplitude and dominant frequency (frequency of highest PPV amongst translational, vertical and horizontal vibrations). In this paper, an attempt is made to correlate measurable parameters associated with ground vibrations with scaled distance. Using the correlated data, it was found that a predictor equation can be determined for the amplitude and PPV, but not for dominant frequency as it is dynamic and depends upon infinitesimal changes that occur within a number of other parameters. Another analysis of the same is made using multiple linear regression analysis. This included predicting the PPV using scaled distance, maximum charge per delay, amplitude as predictors. A considerable improvement is seen in the prediction on adding the interaction of the predictors in multiple regressions. A comparison of different combination of predictors is made so as to assess the best combination giving the best R² value for the given mine. Frequency is also plotted using the aforementioned method. However, it was found that the dominant frequency cannot be predicted with high accuracy even with this method.     

长湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

为研究长湖浮游动物群落结构及其与环境因子间的关系,于2012年4月至2013年1月进行了4次调查采样。共鉴定出浮游动物67种(不包括原生动物),以轮虫种类为主(42种),其丰度与生物量均占据较大优势。浮游动物丰度的季节性差异显著,夏季最高(4412ind./L),冬季最低(831ind./L)。季节间的物种更替率大于59%,但优势种种类的季节变化不明显。优势种共8种,均为轮虫,萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachiouns calyciflorus)、针簇多枝轮虫(Polyarthra trigla Ehrenberg)是四个季节均出现的优势种,P.trigla Ehrenberg的优势度与出现频率均是各个季节的最大值,各季节这两种优势种的丰度和在总丰度的占比均超过59.13%。依据Shannon指数、Pielou指数、Margalef指数评价长湖水体处于中度污染,肥度指数评价长湖处于富营养状态。相关性分析、多元逐步回归方程、冗余分析的结果显示:水温是影响长湖浮游动物群落结构季节变化的关键因子;浮游植物表征含量chl a也是影响长湖浮游动物群落结构的关键因子,总氮、总磷通过影响浮游植物的群落结构间接地影响浮游动物的组成;能耐受较高p H的B.calyciflorus在长湖碱性水体中有较好的适应性;夏季马洪台区较低的溶解氧一定程度上限制了该区域轮虫的生长,总悬浮物通过降低溶解氧对浮游动物产生间接作用;化学需氧量对P.trigla Ehrenberg、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)等耐污种的影响较大,并对浮游动物的丰度产生正向作用。