土层随机地震反应分析中侧向边界的影响分析

研究了随机地震激励下土层地震反应及土-结构相互作用分析中有限土域的取值范围对计算精度的影响。分别以基岩白噪声谱和杜修力修正基岩谱作为输入,进行了土层随机地震反应分析,探讨了自由边界、固定边界和黏弹性边界3种人工边界条件下土域的取值范围、土介质阻尼和土体长深比（L/H）对土层随机地震反应的影响,给出了侧向人工边界合理位置的具体建议。在此基础上,选取土体的合理边界范围,建立土-结构相互作用分析模型,分别以基岩白噪声谱、杜修力修正基岩谱以及实测地震波功率谱作为输入,进行了土-结构相互作用体系随机地震反应分析,计算结果验证了侧向人工边界取值在土-结构相互作用体系随机地震反应分析中的有效性。     

多点激励下连续桥梁地震响应特性研究

地震动在强度和频率等方面均具有非平稳特性,导致多跨桥梁的动力响应非常复杂。为了研究多跨连续桥梁在多点地震动激励下的反应,首先提出了评价多点地震动非平稳性的3个指标：幅值绝对值的标准差、方向离散度和穿零率。根据桥梁多点激励运动方程的特点,阐述了广义振型参与系数矩阵的意义,及其与传统振型参与系数矩阵的联系和区别。根据多点地震动非平稳性的特性,对不同支点施加异向及不同幅值的位移或加速度,研究了不同跨数连续梁桥的多点激励响应规律。结果表明,随着连续梁桥跨数的增多,桥梁在多点地震激励下的响应趋于复杂多变,受具体地震动的非平稳性影响越发明显。     

Isoductile strengths and strength reduction factors of elasto‐plastic SDOF systems subjected to simple waveforms

The inelastic response of elasto‐plastic SDOF oscillators subjected to 24 simple waveforms was studied. The waveforms contain linear, quadratic, sinusoidal, and triangular acceleration components that repeat for not more than several cycles. Similarities and differences in oscillator response characteristics are presented, organized by a characteristic period. The strengths and corresponding strength reduction factors required for constant ductility responses are discussed. Response data are compared with expectations based on the concepts of equal energy, equal displacement, and preservation of force. Limitations on the applicability of the equal energy concept are identified. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多点输入下大跨结构地震反应的频域精细传递矩阵法

地震输入问题一直是工程结构抗震研究所关注的焦点.在对大跨度结构进行抗震设计时,需要考虑多点地震输入的影响已成为国内外学术界和工程界的共识.本文根据傅氏变换,运用精细传递矩阵法推导出了大跨结构在多点地震输入下的频域精细传递矩阵,并在频域内对大跨度结构进行了动力分析.这种方法公式简单,能够快速、高精度地进行结构的地震反应分析.算例显示了本文方法的有效性.     

结构动力分析中多点激励问题的研究综述

针对结构多点激励问题的研究现状,分别介绍了地震动时空变化性、多点激励分析基本方法、地震动记录校正以及多点激励对结构的影响.首先阐述了地震动时空变化性及主要表现形式,并提出了最不利行波概念;其次介绍了多点激励分析的基本方法,并指出了3种确定性方法的优缺点和适用性;然后论述了多点激励对地震动时程的基本要求:地震动加速度记录的校正问题;接着简要介绍了多点激励对结构的复杂影响,并指出这种影响取决于拟静力反应项和动反应项的相互关系.最后,对结构多点激励分析有关问题提出了展望和建议.     

多点地震激励对大跨度结构抗震设计的影响

以上海浦东机场(二期)候机楼为例,讨论了大跨结构多点激励效应对结构抗震设计值的影响。文中首先进行了结构静力荷载作用下的反应分析,并与上海浦东机场(二期)候机楼在一致激励下的地震反应相组合,得到一致地震作用下结构抗震设计值;然后根据工程场地二维地震动场反应分析结果,进行了上海浦东机场多点输入下的地震反应分析,将其与静力反应组合得到多点地震激励下结构抗震设计值。考察在一致输入和多点输入下得出的抗震设计值之间的差异,分析了不同的地震激励方式对控制结构抗震设计值以及结构动力位移和加速度值的影响。研究结果表明:多点地震输入对浦东机场二期工程候机楼的抗震设计影响较大,特别是对承力柱的影响最大,可以使一些柱的控制截面内力的抗震设计值比一致地震输入时的数值增大10～50%,同时使另外一些柱的控制截面内力的抗震设计值减小40%左右。因此,为合理地进行这类结构的抗震设计,在结构抗震分析中考虑地震动的多点输入的影响是非常必要的。     

大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥在多维多点地震激励作用下的平稳随机响应

采用虚拟激励法计算了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥在纵向、竖向、横向、三维多点激励作用下的均方响应,在此基础上探讨了各方向激励及三维激励的多点输入效应对钢管混凝土拱桥地震响应特性的影响。结果表明纵向和竖向激励的多点输入效应对结构响应有明显影响,而横向激励的多点输入效应可忽略。     

空间网格结构多维多点随机地震响应分析的高效算法

将林家浩教授提出的“虚拟激励法”进一步推广应用于空间网格结构多维多点非平稳随机地震响应分析,推导了多维虚拟激励随机振动分析方法的理论公式,给出了峰值响应估计方法,并讨论了多维地震动的随机模型及参数选取,通过编制的专用计算机程序分析了网壳结构的随机地震响应。本方法自动包含了参振振型间及各输人地震分量间的相关项,计算精确、快速,非常适合分析频率密集型空间网格结构的随机地震响应,是一种高效的随机振动分析算法。     

Experimental Investigations on Laminated Rubber Bearings

Increasing application of base isolation as a seismic protection method has subsequently increased its analytical and experimental studies. Being the most critical part of the base isolated buildings, accurate evaluation of structural properties and precise modeling of isolation devices is of utmost importance in predicting the response of the buildings during the earthquakes. This technical note is concerned with experimental study on laminated rubber bearings. Free vibration and harmonic base excitation tests are performed on a three-storey building model to evaluate the properties of the structure, efficiency of the system, and effect of base excitations. It is found that these experimental methods can effectively be used for this purpose.     

Response spectrum analysis for non-classically damped linear system with multiple-support excitations

A new response spectrum method, which is named complex multiple-support response spectrum (CMSRS) method in this article, is developed for seismic analysis of non-classically damped linear system subjected to spatially varying multiple-supported ground motion. The CMSRS method is based on fundamental principles of random vibration theory and properly accounts for the effect of correlation between the support motions as well as between the modal displacement and velocity responses of structure, and provides an reasonable and acceptable estimate of the peak response in term of peak seismic ground motions and response spectra at the support points and the coherency function. Meanwhile, three new cross-correlation coefficients or cross covariance especially for the non-classically damped linear structures with multiple-supports excitations are derived under the same assumptions of the MSRS method of classically damped system. The CMSRS method is examined and compared to the results of time history analyses in two numerical examples of non-classically damped structures in consideration of the coherences of spatially variable ground motion. The results show that for non-classically damped structure, the cross terms representing the cross covariance between the pseudo-static and dynamic component are also quite small just as same as classically damped system. In addition, it is found that the usual way of neglecting all the off-diagonal elements in transformed damping matrix in modal coordinates in order to make the concerned non-classically damped structure to become remaining proportional damping property will bring some errors in the case of subjected to spatially excited inhomogeneous ground motion.