结构面对岩质边坡地震动影响的数值模拟研究

[摘 要] 本文采用数值模拟的方法,利用UDEC 软件,开展了结构面对岩质边坡地震动影响的数值 模拟研究,研究内容涉及结构面产状和位置变化对岩体边坡地震动放大系数空间展布的影响。根据岩 体边坡中结构面发育的一般规律,本文模型工况主要考虑与坡面相交的贯穿性结构面,模拟的主要物理 对象是层面、贯穿性长大软弱结构面等。数值模拟结果表明:结构面越靠近坡顶,边坡上部的地震动响 应越强烈;顺倾结构面会使坡肩部形成更强烈的地震动响应;边坡越陡,坡顶和坡肩部的地震动响应越 强烈。上述规律对于岩质边坡地震稳定性分析具有指导意义。     

A Winkler model approach for vertically and laterally loaded piles in nonhomogeneous soil

An investigation is made to present analytical solutions provided by a Winkler model approach for the analysis of single piles and pile groups subjected to vertical and lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils. The load transfer parameter of a single pile in nonhomogeneous soils is derived from the displacement influence factor obtained from Mindlin's solution for an elastic continuum analysis, without using the conventional form of the load transfer parameter adopting the maximum radius of the influence of the pile proposed by Randolph and Wroth. The modulus of the subgrade reaction along the pile in nonhomogeneous soils is expressed by using the displacement influence factor related to Mindlin's equation for an elastic continuum analysis to combine the elastic continuum approach with the subgrade reaction approach. The relationship between settlement and vertical load for a single pile in nonhomogeneous soils is obtained by using the recurrence equation for each layer. Using the modulus of the subgrade reaction represented by the displacement influence factor related to Mindlin's solution for the lateral load, the relationship between horizontal displacement, rotation, moment, and shear force for a single pile subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils is available in the form of the recurrence equation. The comparison of the results calculated by the present method for single piles and pile groups in nonhomogeneous soils has shown good agreement with those obtained from the more rigorous finite element and boundary element methods. It is found that the present procedure gives a good prediction on the behavior of piles in nonhomogeneous soils. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Origin and geodynamic environments of the metamorphic sole rocks from the İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone (Tokat,northern Turkey)

ABSTRACT

The Late Cretaceous accretionary complex of the ?zmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone, near Artova, is composed mainly of peridotites (variably serpentinized), amphibolite, garnet-micaschist, calc-schist, marble, basalt, sandstones, neritic limestones. The metamorphic rocks were interpreted as the metamorphic sole rocks occurring at the base of mantle tectonites, because: (i) amphibolites were observed together with the serpentinized peridotites suggesting their occurrences in the oceanic environment; (ii) foliation in amphibolites and serpentinized peridotites run subparallel to each other; (iii) all these metamorphic rocks and serpentinized peridotites are cross-cut by the unmetamorphosed dolerite dikes with island arc tholeiite-like chemistry. Geochemical characteristics of the amphibolites display enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt (E-MORB)- and ocean island basalt (OIB)-like signatures. The dolerite dikes, on the other hand, yield an island arc tholeiite-like composition. Geothermobarometric investigations of the metamorphic sole rocks suggest that the metamorphic temperature was ~650 ± 30°C and the pressure condition was less than 0.5 GPa. Dating of hornblende grains from amphibolite yielded age values ranging from 139 ± 11 to 157 ± 3.6 Ma (2σ). The oldest weighted average age value is regarded as approximating the timing of the intra-oceanic subduction. These cooling ages were interpreted to be the intra-oceanic subduction/thrusting time of the ?zmir–Ankara–Erzincan oceanic domain.     

Structural and geochronological relationships of metamorphic soles of eastern Mediterrranean ophiolites to surrounding units: indicators of intra‐oceanic subduction and emplacement

This paper is a synthesis of structural and geochronological data from eastern Mediterranean ophiolitic metamorphic rocks and surrounding units to interpret the intra‐oceanic subduction and ophiolite emplacement mechanism.

Metamorphic rocks occur as discontinuous tectonic slices at the base of the ophiolites, generally between the peridotite tectonites and volcanic‐sedimentary units, and locally in fault zones in the overlying peridotites. They consist essentially of amphibolite, and in lesser quantities, micaschist, quartzite, epidotite and marble.

Geological and geochronological data indicate that recrystallization of the metamorphic rocks occurred in the oceanic environment. The contact between the metamorphic rocks and the hanging‐wall is parallel to the foliation of the metamorphic rocks, and is interpreted as the fossil plane of intra‐oceanic subduction. Structural relationships suggest that intra‐oceanic subduction was situated between two lithospheric blocks separated by an oceanic fracture zone. Therefore the Neotethyan ophiolites with metamorphic soles represent the remnants of the overriding oceanic lithosphere's training slices of the metamorphic rocks at the base.

In the Anatolian region, radiometric dating of metamorphic rocks from the Taurus and Izmir‐Ankara‐Erzincan zone ophiolites yield nearly identical ages. Besides, palaeontological and structural data indicate coeval opening and similar oceanic ridge orientation. Consequently it is highly probable that Taurus and Izmir‐Ankara‐Erzincan zone ophiolites represent fragments of the same oceanic lithosphere derived from a single spreading zone. Palaeontological data from underlying volcanic and sedimentary units point out that the opening of the Neotethyan ocean occurred during Late Permian‐Middle Triassic time in the Iranian‐Oman region, during Middle Triassic in Dinaro‐Hellenic area, and finally during Late Triassic in the Anatolian region.

Radiometric dating of the metamorphic rocks exhibit that the intra‐oceanic thrusting occurred during late Lower‐early Late Jurassic for Dinaro‐Hellenic ophiolites, late Lower‐early Late Cretaceous for Anatolian, Iranian and Oman ophiolites well before their obduction on the Gondwanian continent. Neotethyan ophiolites were obducted onto various sections of the Gondwanian continent from late Upper Jurassic to Palaeocene time, Dinaro‐Hellenic ophiolites during late Upper Jurassic‐early Lower Cretaceous onto the Adriatic promontory, Anatolian, Iranian and Oman ophiolites from late Lower Cretaceous to Palaeocene onto the Aegean, Anatolian and Arabic promontories.     

武当山隧道进口处滑坡稳定性分析与研究

对武当山隧道进口处Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号滑坡稳定性主要影响因素进行了分析,采用传递系数法对Ⅰ号和Ⅱ号滑坡在天然及饱和状态下的稳定性进行定量计算,利用Flac3d软件对Ⅰ号滑坡在天然及饱和状态时的应力应变进行数值模拟研究.综合分析认为,降雨入渗是加剧武当山隧道进口处滑坡活动触发因素.为保证襄渝铁路运营安全,建议对Ⅰ号滑坡进行削坡处理,对Ⅱ号滑坡在前缘设置抗滑桩进行处理.     

转换波反射系数近似公式的比较及分析

多分量地震资料解释的首要问题就是多分量的标定和对比,其中最关键的是转换波反射系数的求取及子波的选取,然而Zoeppntz方程在数学表达上极其复杂,在物理意义上也不直观,因此很难得到直接的应用.为此,在详细介绍五种近似公式的基础上,利用六种模型分析了随入射角的变化各公式的适应性,最后得出结论,Aki和Richard的近似公式适应性普遍比较好.     

苏丹哈马迪金矿地球化学特征及成因探讨

苏丹哈马迪金矿区矿石与岩石稀土配分曲线的相似性表明二者具有同源性;矿石硫同位素组成δ(34S)值为较小的负值,表明区内硫来源单一,且硫质应为深源物质;而矿石中的氢、氧同位素特征则表明金矿热液应来源于变质热液.众多事实表明,哈马迪金矿与泛非造山运动及其后的区域变质作用关系密切,成矿热液来源于围岩,属受剪切作用控制的变质热液型金矿床.     

粘弹性介质地震波传播特征及反射特征研究

理想弹性介质并不能解决许多复杂的实际问题。在实际介质中,地震波的传播过程存在吸收作用,使地震波能量发生了损耗、频带变窄、相位延迟、频率降低,尤其是高频部份。这种特性可以用传播矢量和衰减矢量来表示,衰减矢量越大,介质的吸收越强。这里通过引入广义平面波、纵横波品质因子以及衰减角,利用应力应变关系和连续性条件,推导了粘弹性介质精确的Zoeppritz方程,并通过求解精确的Zoeppritz方程,分析了粘弹性介质中传播矢量、衰减矢量、纵波反射系数、转换波反射系数与频率、衰减角、入射角、品质因子、速度等物理量之间的关系,详细地了解了粘弹性介质中地震波传播特征及反射特征,为粘弹性介质中储层预测问题的研究提供了理论基础。     

四川里伍铜矿田控矿构造特征与找矿方向

里伍铜矿田位于扬子地台西缘江浪变质核杂岩穹隆构造中。现已发现里伍、黑牛洞等中小型铜矿床7处,为扬子地台西缘地区铜矿集中产出区之一。中深构造层次的江浪变质核杂岩构成了矿区构造主体。通过对里伍铜矿田内矿床的地质特征、控矿因素和控矿构造特征等的系统研究表明,矿田中由变质核杂岩穹隆构成的构造组合及其韧性剪切滑脱带控制了铜矿体的定位、形态以及矿床的规模。变质核杂岩穹隆中的韧性剪切滑脱带是主要控矿构造。在综合研究的基础上,提出了矿田和区域找矿方向。     

高充填率开采地表下沉系数研究

为解决"三下"压煤问题,本文以邯矿集团亨健煤矿2515工作面为研究对象,对现场进行实测,计算地表实测下沉系数;采用文克儿地基假设方法,对比分析了不同开采方法采空区上覆岩层破断规律.结果表明:采用全部垮落法开采,推进距离等于直接顶的极限跨距(l=25.7 m)时极限挠度约为1.057 m,随着工作面推进,直接顶出现破碎;...