Determining safe yield and mapping water level zoning in groundwater resources of the Neishabour Plain

Groundwater is a crucial sources of water supply, especially in arid and semi-arid areas around the world. With uncontrolled withdrawals and limited availability of these resources, it is essential to determine the safe yield of these valuable resources. The Hill method approach was used in this study to determine the safe yield the Neishabour aquifer in Khorasan Razvi province in Iran. The results showed that the safe yield in the Neishabour aquifer is 60% lower than the current pumping amounts...     

中国古今地图时空融合与运营平台建设

古旧地图作为重要的历史地理信息来源,需求日益扩大。本文针对国内缺乏系统全面的古旧地图展示平台的情况,在配准4000幅中国古旧地图的基础上,使用地理信息系统、数据库、SOA、Web Service、ArcGIS API for JavaScript等技术,建设中国古今地图时空融合与运营平台,通过古今地图的套叠对比,在PC端和移动端直观展现地理和人文环境变迁。平台提供对古旧地图影像数据的快速查询检索、展示、输入输出、管理等功能,可为城市规划建设、历史地理研究提供支持。     

利用高分辨率地球影像研究全球洋壳活断层分布

利用谷歌三维地图勾绘出全球海底现今主要断层构造带的分布图,为观察海洋地壳运动与演化过程提供新的方法和视角,对海底活断层的分布和演化机理、海底扩张、地幔对流等方面的深入研究和探索具有重要意义。     

奥维互动地图在城市地质调查勘测中的应用

在开展城市活动断层探测工作时,奥维地图可有效提高地质地貌调查、地球物理勘探、钻探等野外工作及数据管理的效率。在地质地貌调查中可对地质调查点进行记录描述、查看宏观地貌特征、定位及导航等;地球物理勘探中可借助卫星影像进行测线设计、测线信息记录等;钻探中可用于钻孔编录信息的保存。奥维提供了备注模版功能,用户可自定义备注格式及内容用于记录各种信息。可将地质调查点、物探测线、钻孔等叠加于Google卫星图之上进行展示,分类管理城市活动断层探测野外调查数据。     

Satellite-based damage mapping following the 2006 Indonesia earthquake—How accurate was it?

The Yogyakarta area in Indonesia suffered a devastating earthquake on 27 May 2006. There was an immediate international response, and the International Charter “Space and Major Disasters” was activated, leading to a rapid production of image-based damage maps and other assistance. Most of the acquired images were processed by UNOSAT and DLR-ZKI, while substantial damage mapping also occurred on the ground. This paper assesses the accuracy and completeness of the damage maps produced based on Charter data, using ground damage information collected during an extensive survey by Yogyakarta's Gadjah Mada University in the weeks following the earthquake and that has recently become available. More than 54,000 buildings or their remains were surveyed, resulting in an exceptional validation database. The UNOSAT damage maps outlining clusters of severe damage are very accurate, while earlier, more detailed results underestimated damage and missed larger areas. Damage maps produced by DLR-ZKI, using a damage-grid approach, were found to underestimate the extent and severity of the devastation. Both mapping results also suffer from limited image coverage and extensive cloud contamination. The ground mapping gives a more accurate picture of the extent of the damage, but also illustrates the challenge of mapping a vast area. The paper concludes with a discussion on ways to improve Charter-based damage maps by integration of local knowledge, and to create a wider impact through generation of customised mapping products using web map services.     

基于GIS数据的快速地图制图技术探讨

本文通过对基于GIS数据的地图制图工艺流程的分析梳理和有关软件的功能分析,给出了一套基于GIS数据的快速、高效的地图制图方法。     

网络地图的研究现状与发展趋势

随着信息技术、网络技术和多媒体技术在数字地图学领域的不断渗透,网络地图已经成为地图产品的重要组成部分。通过分析研究现有的网络地图产品,总结了网络地图的特点和存在的问题,分析了其发展趋势,并提出了相应的一些设想。     

Visualization of geochemical data on maps at the Geological Survey of Finland

Software for presentation of geochemical data on maps has been integrated into a user-friendly package, ALKEMIA, at the Geological Survey of Finland (GSF). ALKEMIA contains procedures for generating dot maps, colour surface maps, shaded relief maps, and vector images, and for interpolating and smoothing irregularly gridded data. Combining dots and colour surfaces provides a means of visually integrating up to three variables on a map, revealing the spatial relationships between them. The methods employed are described in detail, particularly the moving weighted median, which has been widely used at the GSF for interpolating and smoothing geochemical and other numerical data. Several geochemical and oncological atlases and series of maps have been produced with these methods.     

地壳受力的向量场及奇点的存在性

在地壳的每一点,由于受力定义了整个地壳上的向量场,然后利用同胚,将其转化为球面上的自映射,并根据球面的欧拉示性数等于2,说明该自映射至少有一个不动点,即向量场至少有一个奇点.这样,从理论上解释了地震、海啸、火山等自然现象发生的必然性.     

数字正射影像图的质量控制与评价方法

总结应用VirtuoZo NT、JX4C DPW全数字摄影测量系统(DPS)制作数字高程模型(DEM)和数字正射影像图(DOM)的经验,论述DEM和DOM生产过程主体技术线路及存在的主要技术问题,分析如何提高DEM和DOM的精度方法,阐述DEM和DOM的质量控制环节,探讨特性划分评价方法。