Estimation of fundamental period for structures supported on pile foundations

One of the significant effects of considering soil-structure interaction in the analysis of structures is the increase in the fundamental natural period compared to the fundamental natural period of a similar structure, fixed at the base. Applied Technology Council (ATC) originally set forth some provisions to calculate the fundamental natural period of flexible based structures using the period of a similar structure, fixed at the base, and lateral and rocking stiffness coefficients of the foundation. These provisions became the basis of current soil-structure interaction recommendations in several building codes. The fundamental natural periods of structures founded on different types of foundations computed using recommendations of the ATC are compared with those computed using a simplified model to perform soil-structure interaction of shear-type structures. Results show that the provisions given in ATC may be used for structures supported on shallow footings but may not be applicable for structures supported on pile foundations or foundations having the ratio of lateral to rotational stiffness coefficients different from those of shallow foundations. An equation, similar to the equation recommended by ATC, is presented to estimate the fundamental natural period of structures supported on pile foundations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

沉降控制复合桩基的试验研究及适用范围探讨

沉降控制复合桩基在上海软土地区得到了广泛的应用,但某住宅小区由于其地质条件的特殊性,不能满足上海市< 地基基础设计规范>(DGJ08-11-1999)中沉降控制复合桩基对桩端持力层的特定要求,超出了其适用范围,通过多组原位试验研究,探讨了沉降控制复合桩基在这种特殊地质条件下桩土共同作用的工作机理,分析了在这种地质条件下应用沉降控制复合桩基的可行性.     

桩筏基础相互作用分析

提出了考虑土-桩-筏相互作用的迭代分析方法,可获得筏板的内力和桩身轴力等.考虑了桩筏基础下群桩效应作用的群桩桩顶反力分布、群桩桩端力分布及桩与桩相互作用等问题,使得计算的群桩单桩刚度较合理.同时,具有能考虑土的非线性、成层地基及利用单桩静载试验成果反演分析所得参数运用于群桩分析等特点.采用的8节点等参板单元可适用于分析平面不规则形状及变厚度的薄筏板和厚筏板.用笔者提出的方法对桩筏基础实例进行了分析,研究了桩长对该桩筏基础相互作用的影响,并与实测成果及其他学者研究成果进行了对比,表明了该方法能较合理地分析桩筏基础相互作用.     

Dielectric anisotropy and deformation of crustal rocks: physical interaction theory and dielectric mylonites

The theory of physical interaction field by a differential geometrical approach combines the deformation field with the physical field (e.g., electromagnetic field), and derives a new tensorial relation between the deformation and the dielectric anisotropy of the crustal rocks. This relation can be applied to dielectric anisotropies of deformed natural rocks such as mylonites or gneisses. The dielectric anisotropies of mylonites are observed to increase as plastic strains of mylonites increase. Moreover, the derived tensorial relation can be linked to the electromagnetic potential field (deformational anomalies) in a deformed crust. A physico-geometrical consideration on this theory of physical interaction field is mathematically similar to ones on the theory of field in the Finsler space or on the concept of a unified gauge field.     

A discontinuous Galerkin method for seismic soil–structure interaction analysis in the time domain

A technique for modeling transient wave propagation in unbounded media is extended and applied to seismic soil–structure interaction analysis in the time domain. The technique, based on the discontinuous Galerkin method, requires lower computational cost and less storage than the boundary element method, and the time‐stepping scheme resulting from Newmark's method in conjunction with the technique is unconditionally stable, allowing for efficient and robust time‐domain computations. To extend the technique to cases characterized by seismic excitation, the free‐field motion is used to compute effective forces, which are introduced on the boundary of the computational domain containing the structure and the soil in the vicinity of the structure. A numerical example on a dam–foundation system subjected to seismic excitation demonstrates the performance of the method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

第六届全国岩土工程实录交流会专题报告之一桩基础理论与技术若干进展与问题探讨

介绍桩土相互作用理论若干进展和两种新桩型、新工艺后压浆灌注桩、挤扩灌注桩,并对有关问题进行探讨.     

H-adaptivity applied to liquefiable soil in nonlinear analysis of soil–pile interaction

This paper is concerned with application of the h-adaptive finite element method to dynamic analysis of a pile in liquefiable soil considering large deformation. In finite element analysis of pile behavior in liquefiable soil during an earthquake, especially considering large deformation of liquefied ground, error due to discretization in the zone near the pile becomes very large. Our purpose was to refine the approximation of the finite element method. The updated Lagrangian formulation and a cyclic elasto-plastic model based on the kinematic hardening rule were adopted to deal with the nonlinearity of the soil. The mixed finite element and finite difference methods together with the u-p formulation and Biot's two-phase mixture theory were used. To improve the accuracy and increase the efficiency of finite element analysis, an h-adaptive scheme that included a posteriori error estimation and h-version mesh refinement was applied to the analysis. The calculated results of effective stress were smoothed locally by the extrapolation method and smoothed stress was used to calculate the L₂ norm of the effective stress error in the last step of the calculation of each time increment. The mesh was refined by a fission procedure based on the indication of the error estimate As a numerical example, a soil–pile interaction system loaded cyclically was analyzed by our method.     

Study on the Sliding Displacement of a Sliding Structure Subjected to Multi-directional Earthquake Excitation

The investigation of sliding isolation is mainlyfocused on the response of a structure subjected to asingle directional earthquake excitation. Fan andTang (2001) studied the slide limited friction (S LF)base isolation system, using a sequential exponentialfriction model. Zhang and Cheng (2001) studied theisolated effect of a sliding bearing as a friction damp er. Xiong and Yu (2002) studied the numerical meth od of sliding isolation system. But studying a singlecomponent of e…     

基于B/S模式的区域水资源合理配置系统设计与开发

分析了基于C／S模式水资源配置系统的不足和B／S模式的优点;构建了基于B／S模式的区域水资源合理配置系统总体框架;阐述了ASP、COM 、WebGIS、Socket、事务处理等技术原理与应用;以 Web GIS为平台实现了空间综合信息处理、资料远程汇总、需水量计算与预测、可供水量计算、供需分析、方案评价和远程交互会商等功能。     

A study of interaction between surface water and groundwater using environmental isotope in Huaisha River basin

The surface water and groundwater are important components of water cycle, and the interaction between surface water and groundwater is the important part in water cycle research. As the effective tracers in water cycle research, environmental isotope and hydrochemistry can reveal the interrelationships between surface water and groundwater effectively. The study area is the Huaisha River basin, which is located in Huairou district, Beijing. The field surveying and sampling for spring, river and well water were finished in 2002 and 2003. The hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and water quality were measured at the laboratory. The spatial characteristics in isotope and evolution of water quality along river lines at the different area were analyzed. The altitude effect of oxygen isotope in springs was revealed, and then using this equation, theory foundation for deducing recharge source of spring was estimated. By applying the mass balance method, the annual mean groundwater recharge rate at the catchment was estimated. Based on the groundwater recharge analysis, combining the hydrogeological condition analysis, and comparing the rainfall-runoff coefficients from the 1960s to 1990s in the Huaisha River basin and those in the Chaobai River basin, part of the runoff in the Huaisha River basin is recharged outside of this basin, in other words, this basin is an un-enclosed basin. On the basis of synthetically analyses, combining the compositions of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and hydrochemistry, geomorphology, geology, and watershed systems characteristics, the relative contributions between surface water and groundwater flow at the different areas at the catchments were evaluated, and the interaction between surface water and groundwater was re- vealed lastly.