2019-05-18松原MS5.1地震震源机制与地震参数分析

基于密集的流动近台和分布相对均匀的固定台网资料,利用接收函数和面波联合反演震源区下方的速度结构,采用绝对走时和CAP方法获得2019-05-18松原M_S5.1地震的震源机制解,并重新定位余震。结果表明,该地震的发震断层为第二松花江断裂,断层面产状为303°/73°/10°,破裂深度为5.8 km,质心深度约为8 km。结合近年来发生在该地区的5级以上地震资料发现,特殊的震源区结构在东侧太平洋板块持续向松辽盆地深俯冲的作用下导致了松原M_S5.1地震及其他强震的发生。     

多尺度地震资料联合成像

为改善储层目标区域的成像质量,结合地面地震、VSP和井间地震的各自优势,采用归一化后的自适应叠加方法,实现3种资料偏移结果的联合成像,以达到各种资料优势互补、提高成像精度的目的。为了给联合成像提供精度较高的单种资料成像剖面,采用傅里叶有限差分叠前深度偏移算法实现地面地震资料成像;在VSP和井间地震资料的叠前成像中采用了基于起伏地表直接下延法成像思想,基于傅里叶有限差分延拓算子得到VSP和井间地震偏移结果。模型试算和实际资料的处理验证了多尺度地震资料联合成像法的正确性和有效性。     

威海靖海湾港区张家埠新港建设对泥沙冲淤影响预测分析

运用ECOMSED(水动力泥沙)三维模型模拟潮流、波浪(施加风)作用条件下威海靖海湾港区张家埠新港建设前后周围海域海底地形的演化,分析其冲淤变化.并利用冲淤平衡时波潮流共同作用下对海底的切应力与沉积物临界起动剪切力相等的原理,对新港建设后的极限冲刷深度进行预测.结果表明,在引堤透空段附近和防波堤端头冲刷较严重,50年一...     

基于Clayton Copula函数的二维Gumbel模型及其在海洋平台设计中的应用

根据Gumbel分布和Clayton Copula函数构造出二维Gumbel Clayton Copula分布,根据渤海海域某观测站测得的1970—1993年年最大波高及风速,具体介绍该二维Gumbel模型在海洋工程设计中的使用方法。通过导管架平台基底剪力计算表明,使用该二维Gumbel模型所得的50a一遇剪力值降低了37%,对于边际油田,可以降低荷载设计标准,从而减少海洋工程的投资费用。     

波高与风速联合概率分布研究

基于copula函数论述了两变量的联合概率分布方法.此方法的主要优点是边缘分布可由不同的分布函数构成,变量间可具相关性.以粤东汕尾海域极值波高与相应风速为研究实例,经分析获得以下结果:(1)优选的极值波高和风速可分别由P-Ⅲ型和GEV 分布表示:(2)拟合优度检验指标表明二者的最优连接函数为Archimedean co...     

基于有限元修正节理岩质边坡稳定性计算的解析解

采用有限元方法探讨在人工开挖或自然侵蚀环境下,岩质边坡体内应力场的变化及节理发育形成机理,并采用有限元强度折减法对后缘具有张节理边坡的稳定性影响因素进行敏感性对比分析,进而得出具有非贯通节理边坡稳定性计算的修正解析解.结果表明:卸荷及风化作用导致边坡体由表及里出现应力重分布及应力集中的现象,使边坡后缘由顶部向下发育一簇...     

Microplane damage model for jointed rock masses

The paper presents a new microplane constitutive model for the inelastic behavior of jointed rock masses that takes into account the mechanical behavior and geometric characteristics of cracks and joints. The basic idea is that the microplane modeling of rock masses under general triaxial loading, including compression, requires the isotropic rock matrix and the joints to be considered as two distinct phases coupled in parallel. A joint continuity factor is defined as a microplane damage variable to represent the stress‐carrying area fraction of the joint phase. Based on the assumption of parallel coupling between the rock joint and the rock matrix, the overall mechanical behavior of the rock is characterized by microplane constitutive laws for the rock matrix and for the rock joints, along with an evolution law for the microplane joint continuity factor. The inelastic response of the rock matrix and the rock joints is controlled on the microplane level by the stress–strain boundaries. Based on the arguments enunciated in developing the new microplane model M7 for concrete, the previously used volumetric–deviatoric splits of the elastic strains and of the tensile boundary are avoided. The boundaries are tensile normal, compressive normal, and shear. The numerical simulations demonstrate satisfactory fits of published triaxial test data on sandstone and on jointed plaster mortar, including quintessential features such as the strain softening and dilatancy under low confining pressure, as well as the brittle–ductile transition under higher confining pressure, and the decrease of jointed rock strength and Young's modulus with an increasing dip angle of the joint. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling the particle breakage of rockfill materials with the cohesive crack model

A practical combined finite–discrete element method was developed to simulate the breakage of irregularly shaped particles in granular geomaterials, e.g., rockfill. Using this method, each particle is discretized into a finite element mesh. The potential fracture paths are represented by pre-inserted cohesive interface elements (CIEs) with a progressive damage model. The Mohr–Coulomb model with a tension cut-off is employed as the damage initiation criterion to rupture the predominant failure mode occurs at the particle scale. Two series of biaxial tests were simulated for both the breakable and unbreakable particle assemblies. The two assemblies have identical configurations, with the exception that the former is inserted with CIEs and is breakable. The simulated stress–strain–dilation responses obtained for both assemblies are in agreement with experimental observations. We present a comprehensive study of the role of particle breakage on the mechanical behavior of rockfill materials at both the macroscopic and microscopic scales. The underlying mechanism of particle breakage can be explained by the force chain in the assemblies.     

加锚岩石力学性质及破坏特征试验研究

采用煤矿煤层顶板岩石作为加锚基体,用钢丝模拟锚杆,对由二者组成的加锚岩石进行了巴西劈裂、单轴压缩和压剪试验研究。结果表明,当加锚试件岩石基体出现塑性屈服裂纹开始扩展后,锚杆逐渐取代岩石基体成为外荷载的承载主体,试件的破坏特征由脆性向延性转变。加锚试件劈裂过程中,圆盘中心出现裂缝后,部分试件仍具有一定的承载能力,其抗拉强度提高了51.1%;另有部份试件则表现为迅速破坏并丧失承载能力,其抗拉强度提高了91.6%。单轴压缩试验中,加锚试件的破坏形式可分为两类:一类为裂纹平行锚杆轴向发展;另一类为裂纹垂直锚杆轴向发展,加锚试件的抗压强度提高了34.6%。加锚试件剪切过程中,其承载能力出现了明显的二次劣化现象,回归试验结果可得加锚试件的内摩擦角基本不变,而凝聚力提高了22.9%。     

河北平原区煤炭勘查中的多矿种兼探

煤炭勘查区实行多资源多矿种综合兼探,一是与煤共伴生矿种的勘查,二是与煤不同地质时代的层叠型矿种的勘查,实现气、液、固态矿种的三维立体式综合勘查。河北平原区煤炭勘查以石炭-二叠系煤层为主,其上覆盖有多时代的地层且含矿丰富,建议利用煤炭勘查钻孔同步进行多资源多矿种统一勘查,或煤铝兼探、煤铀兼探、盐卤兼探、煤层气页岩气兼探、热气兼探等,以拓宽煤炭地质找矿方向。