BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

沉管灌注桩及打入式桩成桩前后场地类别的测试与分析

本文讨论了沉管灌注桩及打入式桩对场地类别的影响和减轻震害的机理，通过对淮阴工[学院主楼地基在成桩前后的建筑场地的剪切波速对比测试，作者发现沉管灌注桩及打入式桩有改变地类别的可能，最后建议《规范》^[1]应增加对采用桩基础的建筑（特别是打桩较密的高层建筑）在打桩后应再次进行剪切波速测试并对场地类别的重新判定等内容，从提供工程设计的经济效益和社会效益。     

利用卫星资料对阿尔金断裂带阿克塞以西进行阶地面对比和位错量分析

利用高精度的Spot卫星资料，通过详细的地质解译，对研究区域内的河流及其形成的河流阶地进行了系统的对比，通过区域对比，得到了阿尔金活动断裂带在阿克塞附近的最近一段时期以来的可靠的河流阶地的位错，在研究区域内，规模相近的河流形成的同级的河流阶地具有相近的水平位错，T3阶地的水平位错约为380m,T4阶地的水平位错约为1300m，T6阶地的水平位错约为3000m.     

带相位信息的一维大地电磁曲线对比反演法

在大地电磁连续介质曲线对比法反演的基础上 ,引入了相位信息 ,即在反演的模型视电阻率的修改量中加入了相位改正量 ,从而提高了收敛速度 ,稳定了反演过程。与其他方法的模型研究比较 ,加入相位信息的曲线对比法反演的结果 ,能够较真实地反映模型的电性分布 ,并可为多维反演提供初始     

提取计算机内部高精度时间用于同步测量

探讨了计算机内部时间产生原理和特点 ;提出了获取计算机内部高精度时间用于时间测量或测量同步的几种方法 ,并对其计时精度进行了检测实验和分析。结果表明 ,基于BIOS中断的计时 ,其精度约为 5 5ms ;用底层语言读取 82 5 3(或 82 5 4)计时芯片通道所求出的时刻精度为 2× 10 -3s ;而通过读取 6 4位高分辨率性能计数器的计数值及计数频率来求定时间段 ,其精度可达到 2× 10 -6s。且随着计算机技术的发展 ,计时精度有不断提高的趋势。     

Southern Ocean deglacial record supports global Younger Dryas

In Northern Hemisphere deglaciation records, the transition from the last glacial to the Holocene indicates a rapid return to near-glacial conditions during the Younger Dryas, whereas their Southern Hemisphere ice core counterparts record two separate cooling events: the Antarctic Cold Reversal and the Oceanic Cold Reversal. Spatial distribution and relative timing of these events in both hemispheres are central for our understanding of causes and mechanisms of abrupt climate change. To date, no marine record from the southern mid-latitudes conclusively demonstrates that the Younger Dryas was a significant event in the Southern Ocean. Here, we present high-resolution oxygen isotope and iron content records of a radiocarbon-dated sedimentary sequence from the Great Australian Bight, which constrains oceanic and atmospheric changes during the last deglaciation. Oxygen isotopes from planktonic foraminifera indicate two rapid cold reversals (between 13.1 and 11.1 kyr BP) separated by a brief warming. The sedimentary iron content, interpreted as a proxy for wind strength, indicates a simultaneous change in atmospheric circulation pattern. Both records demonstrate the existence of cooling events in the Southern Hemisphere, which are synchronous with the Northern Hemisphere Younger Dryas cold reversal (between 12.9 and 11.5 kyr BP). Such evidence for the spatial distribution and timing of abrupt climatic fluctuations is essential data for groundtruthing results derived from global climate models.     

沈阳低温核供热站厂址基岩地面运动特性分析

用确定性法和综合概率法给出沈阳低温核供热站厂址基岩地面运动峰值加速度和加速度反应谱，并和标定的RG1．60谱和HAF0101(1)谱及国家核规范谱作了对比，表明厂址谱整体上比RG1．60谱要低；概率法厂址谱在较短周期(小于0．3s)部分明显低，在较长周期(大于0．35s)部分略高。本文研究为类似地震地质条件区域的核电抗震设计积累了新经验，并作了有益探索。     

强震记录采样率影响的几点比较

强震加速度记录中50点采样与200点采样之间的差别有多大，能否用50点记录代替200点记录，本文从49组200点记录中采取高通滤波的方法抽取成49组50点的记录，通过最大值对比、加速度时程对比、功率谱对比及滤波后两组数据的相关性共4个方面进行分析研究，发现滤波后的最大值比200点原始记录最大值平均小79．82 Count是原始记录的0．672％，加速度时程方面几乎没有什么差别，功率谱对比方面发现从0．4～90Hz之间谱曲线基本重合，而在该频段以外两端悬殊较大，最后，通过对6组200点与50点数据的相关分析后发现，其平均相关系数达到88％以上。     

TRMM/PR与香港雷达资料对比分析

1999年8月23日，“Sam”台风在香港及其邻近地区造成暴雨。将热带降水测量卫星（TRMM）上降水雷达（PR）测到的降水率及雷达反射因子与香港雷达测量的相应值进行了对比分析，总的来说，它们之间有很好的一致性。在对比分析过程中，采取了两种方法：平均法和最佳匹配法。用最佳匹配法所得到的相关系数明显大于平均法。另外，当所测雨区与香港雷达距离小于100km时相关系数较大。PR测量的雷达反射因子大于香港雷达的测量值，两者的差值随距离的增加而增大。在PR测量的雷达反射因子小于20dB时，香港雷达测量值较大，反之PR测量值较大，两者之间的差值随PR测量值的增加而增大。