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991.
992.
By analyzing the change of an index for the characteristics of South Asia High and variations of upper-air troughs in 2002–2005,we studied the impact of South Asia high on the beginning and ending of the Mei-yu(i.e.sustained rain corresponding to the ripening season of plum)in Jiangsu province.Statistic verification is conducted on the relationships between the index and the Mei-yu season in 1991–2005 to examine the impacts of the SAH characteristics index on a rain intensity index of Mei-yu and regional distribution of a characteristics index for different annual patterns of Mei-yu.Historical composite is performed of the 100-hPa circulation field for these patterns using the 100-hPa geopotential height of Northern Hemisphere from 2002 to 2005 and 45-year NCEP reanalysis to study the difference in the circulation for different patterns of Mei-yu.Diagnostic and statistic conclusions,which share much in common,have been obtained as follows.(1)The characteristics preceding to and the advancement/retreat of SAH and the movement of westerly troughs are the factors that influence the onset time of the Mei-yu season;after the Mei-yu onset,the progression/withdrawal of SAH and how farther east it extends are determining how long the Mei-yu lasts and when it ends.(2)During the Mei-yu,the general 100-hPa circulation situation and average characteristics of the SAH are well corresponding to the characteristics of the season and annual patterns of Mei-yu.In addition,the averages of the SAH ridgeline and east-extending index for June,July and the Mei-yu season have some implications to the forecast of the index of Mei-yu intensity.These conclusions can be served as powerful means in determining the starting/ending dates, duration and annual pattern of the Mei-yu season. 相似文献
993.
公众气象服务满意度评价指标体系的构建方法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从通常意义上的满意程度度量的角度,结合气象服务特征,探究公众气象服务满意程度的度量问题、基于单指标评价的公众气象服务满意率和公众气象服务满意度及其度量特征,并介绍基于多指标评价技术——公众气象服务满意度评价指标体系,得到以下主要结论:1)使用单指标评价公众气象服务满意程度时,建议使用公众气象服务满意度;使用多指标评价公众气象服务满意程度时,建议构建公众气象服务满意度评价指标体系。2)满意度和满意率度量的区别在于前者侧重于满意的深度,后者侧重于满意的广度;前者的结果较后者波动更为小、更为稳定和科学。公众气象服务满意度评价指标体系是基于分层法和计量法的多指标评价方法,能够全面地度量公众气象服务满意度,发现满意度的多层次分布特征,找出影响气象服务满意度的主要因子,从而改进公众气象服务质量。 相似文献
994.
995.
在395个费米BL Lac天体中,337个在其位置的2.4"区域内有唯一一个广域红外探测器(Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer,WISE)对应体.在[3.4]-[4.6]-[12] μm双色图中,绝大多数费米BL Lac天体处在WISE blazar strip (WBS)中,表明这些源的中红外辐射由非热辐射主导.平均来看,LBLs的中红外谱指数比HBLs大,IBLs介于这两者之间.中红外谱指数和伽马谱指数都与对数同步辐射峰值频率成显著反相关.伽马波段和中红外波段的谱指数和流量存在着显著的正相关. 相似文献
996.
The evaluation of bioclimatic comfort conditions has very important theoretical meaning and practical value, not only beacause it can help travelers choose their favorate holiday destinations, but also because it can provide scientific foundation for the assessment of urban living environment. It has become a hot topic recently, driven by the flourishing tourism and the improvement of people’s living standard. The research history on assessment of bioclimatic comfort conditions, which may date back almost a century, is divided into three peroids based on a detailed survey of literature related to this topic over the past century. The infulential assessment models in each period are introduced. The historical background, basic idea and applicable conditions for each model are described in detail. The research shows that: ①bioclimatic comfort assessment models have been evolved from simple empirical models limited to space and time into complicated, impersonal, and universal energy balance models, which shows the trend of sophistication and objectivity; ②Today, empirical models are still widely used for the assessment of comfortable climates in China, and thus it is important to select the appropriate ones to make sure they are good for use for a study area or in a particular season; ③there are some problems calling for immediate resolution, such as to develop universal assessment models as well as to explore fine scale assessment techniques; ④the evaluation on featured comfortable climates, which might expand the study area of comfortable climates assessment, is an important research direction in the future. 相似文献
997.
藏北青南高原长期受风蚀影响,地表粗化现象明显。本研究系统采集该区东西向调查样带内表层(0~1 cm)与浅层(1~10 cm)土壤样品,通过粒度测定、构建能够表征土壤风蚀粗化程度的风蚀粗化指数(WECI),分析该区地表风蚀粗化特征。结果表明:藏北青南高原土壤中砾石、极粗砂、粗砂等粗颗粒组分在表层土壤中含量较浅层土壤有所增加,自西向东逐渐减少;黏土与粉砂等细颗粒组分相反,表层较浅层土壤中含量明显下降,自西向东逐渐增加。从样带东部的高寒草甸区到中部高寒草原区和西部高寒草原与荒漠草原过渡区,表层土壤环境敏感组分逐渐变粗,各区域平均风蚀粗化指数依次为1.05、1.47和1.77,地表风蚀粗化趋于加剧。现有文献常用的土壤粒度分形维数与土壤质地粗化度是刻画土壤质地粗细程度的静态指标,无法衡量风蚀导致的地表颗粒组成变化,本文构建的风蚀粗化指数克服了上述不足,且具有风蚀动力学依据。 相似文献
998.
A reasonable warmer winter index (IWWI) in the framework of the three equiprobability categories (i.e. warmer, normal and colder categories) is proposed based on the winter temperature data observed at 565 stations in China during 1956-2005, where IWWI is defined as the ratio of the station number of warmer category over the total number of stations. The results suggest that the trend of IWWI was consistent with that of the winter temperature on decadal time scale, and their rates of change were 10%/10 a and 0.4 ℃/10 a, respectively. It is found that only 13 warmer winter events in total were detected by IWWI over the past 50 years, and 85% of them occurred after 1986. 相似文献
999.
1000.
根据1961—2000年辽宁地区降水资料,将辽宁地区降水划分为4个区,分析各分区降水的年际、年代际、季节变化以及周期特征。结果表明:辽宁南部和东南部地区降水明显减少;自20世纪90年代开始,东南部和南部地区降水显著减少,而中部地区降水增加;东南部地区的夏冬季和南部地区的冬季降水减少,西部地区春季降水增多。周期特征为春季和冬季周期为2 a或4 a,夏季和秋季为10 a。各分区夏季降水的影响因子不同,辽南地区多雨年东亚槽明显加深,东南区多雨年东亚槽略有加深并且偏东;南部和东南部夏季降水与副热带高压系统相关显著;各区夏季降水与太阳黑子负相关较好,其中8月相关显著,南部和中部相关性均好于东南部和西部地区。 相似文献