一种程控宽频带多波形信号发生器的研制

针对目前专门的函数信号发生器IC功能简单、精度不高、调节方式不灵活等缺点和DDS芯片外围电路设计复杂、成本较高等问题,设计研制了一种程控宽频带多波形信号发生器。该信号发生器采用单片机STC89C52控制专用函数发生器MAX038实现,通过键盘设置输出波形类型、频率、占空比和幅度等各种参数,采用闭环控制方法对输出频率自动反馈控制以提高频率精度,并由八位LED显示器实时显示状态信息。实际运行结果表明:该系统可以产生频率范围在1Hz~20MHz、幅度在2~10V(VPP)连续可调、占空比在10%~90%变化的三角波、锯齿波、方波、正弦波和PWM波,输出频率精度小于0.01%。该仪器具有电路结构简单、性能优良、成本低廉、功能多样、使用方便等优点,在生产实践和科技研究领域中具有广泛的应用前景。     

基于可用性电子地图符号测试系统的设计与实现

电子地图符号测试系统对提高电子地图符号的信息传输效率,与用户达成认知的一致性、准确性,促进电子地图符号的发展等都有重要的理论研究意义和实际应用价值。本文分析了现有电子地图符号测试系统中存在的问题,探讨了可用性理论在电子地图符号测试系统中的应用。最后,分别从功能设计、界面设计、测试项目设计、测试环境设计等四个方面研究了电子地图符号测试系统的设计方法,并用VC++语言对其编程实现。     

Intercomparison of New Zealand filter ozonometer and Dobson spectrophotometer total ozone measurements

A commercial version of the prototype New Zealand narrowband interference filter instrument has been run at Garmisch-Partenkirchen since autumn 1977. The vicinity of the Dobson stations Hohenpeissenberg and Arosa permitted a check of the filter instrument's utility, reliability and long-term stability in total ozone measurement by (i) station to station-or short-range intercomparisons of daily means and (ii) a several days' direct intercomparison at Arosa in spring 1978.The regression analysis with the Hohenpeissenberg data-covering the five month autumn-winter 1977/78 period with highly variable ozone-shows that the filter instrument's direct-sun modeX _AD total ozone values were systematically too low by a conversion factor of 0.93. The excellent proportionality between the instruments is indicated by the standard deviation of only 1,3%. The (–7.0±1.3%) bias perfectly agrees with the result reported byBasher [1] for a similar, yet direct, intercomparison.During the direct Arosa intercomparison the filter instrument also tracked down short-time variations in a remarkable, though biased, parallelism with the Dobson instruments, and theX _AD daily means fit well into the prognostic relationship derived from the preceding autumn-winter short-range intercomparison.A creeping deterioration of the characteristics of the 305.5 nm double filter then prevented any furtherX _AD total ozone intercomparison. No final decision is possible whether this behaviour after a half year's run is typical or just an unusual exception. The otherwise excellent long-term stability is demonstrated by the comparison of theX _CD daily means with the HohenpeissenbergX _AD data for a 1 1/2 year's period (autumn 1977–spring 1979), resulting in the same bias relationship as for theX _AD total ozone measurements.     

Seismic performance of a 3D full‐scale high‐ductile steel–concrete composite moment‐resisting frame—Part II: Test results and analytical validation

This paper presents the results of a multi‐level pseudo‐dynamic seismic test program that was performed to assess the performance of a full‐scale three‐bay, two‐storey steel–concrete composite moment‐resisting frame built with partially encased composite columns and partial‐strength beam‐to‐column joints. The system was designed to develop a ductile response in the joint components of beam‐to‐column joints including flexural yielding of beam end plates and shear yielding of the column web panel zone. The ground motion producing the damageability limit state interstorey drift caused minor damage while the ultimate limit state ground motion level entailed column web panel yielding, connection yielding and plastic hinging at the column base connections. The earthquake level chosen to approach the collapse limit state induced more damage and was accompanied by further column web panel yielding, connection yielding and inelastic phenomena at column base connections without local buckling. During the final quasi‐static cyclic test with stepwise increasing displacement–amplitudes up to an interstorey drift angle of 4.6%, the behaviour was ductile although cracking of beam‐to‐end‐plate welds was observed. Correlations with numerical simulations taking into account the inelastic cyclic response of beam‐to‐column and column base joints are also presented in the paper together. Inelastic static pushover and time history analysis procedures are used to estimate the structural behaviour and overstrength factors of the structural system under study. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The numerical and empirical evaluation of chimneys considering soil structure interaction and high-temperature effects

During the past strong ground motions, chimneys constructed according to international standards are representative of similar structures at industrial areas throughout the world, including those collapsed or moderately damaged in earthquake-prone regions. This is due to the specialty of structural characteristics and the special loads acting on the structure such as earthquakes, wind and differences in the level of temperature, etc. In this context, the researchers and designers should focus on the dynamic behavior of chimneys especially under high temperature and seismic effects. For this purpose, the main focus of this study is to evaluate the dynamic response of a chimney under the above-mentioned effects considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). A 52 m steel chimney in Yeşilyurt township of Samsun City in Turkey was studied. The in-situ model testing and numerical models were compared. Before the commissioning of the chimney, a series of tests was realized to define its dynamic characteristics in case of no-heat and after the fabric got to work, the same tests were repeated for the same sensor locations to understand the heat effect on the dynamic response of the chimney. The ambient vibration tests are proven to be fast and practical procedures to identify the dynamic characteristics of those structures. The dynamic testing of the towers promises a widespread use, as the identification of seismic vulnerability of such structures becomes increasingly important. The data presented in this study are considered to be useful for the researchers and engineers, for whom the temperature and SSI effects on steel chimneys are a concern. Using the modal analysis techniques, presented finite element simulation for the soil/pile foundation-chimney interaction system is verified. The results of modal analyses using numerical solutions are shown to have acceptable accuracy compared with results obtained by in-situ test. The present study also aims to provide designers with material examples about the influence of these on the seismic performance of steel chimneys by means of reflecting the changes in the dynamic behavior.     

虚拟仪器在天气雷达发射机脉冲测试中的应用

随着我国新一代天气雷达（CINRAD）的广泛布网,雷达的维修维护工作显得日益繁重。利用虚拟仪器测试系统对雷达重要参数指标测试是一种便捷有效的方式。本文从发射机射频脉冲包络以及其测量方法的介绍出发,搭建一套基于PXI(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation)模块化仪器的虚拟仪器系统,采用LabVIEW(Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench)软件编程实现参数测试测量功能,通过实验完成了对脉冲包络的重要参数测试。虚拟仪器测试系统与传统仪器对比测量结果,验证了该测试系统的可靠性。     

现浇薄壁管桩低应变动力检测适应性探讨

现浇薄壁管桩是一种大直径的管桩,在低应变检测时必然存在平截面假定不满足以及桩头三维效应的问题。无桩帽管桩低应变检测时由于激发了非轴对称的弯曲模态,并不是达到一定的深度平截面假定就会满足,各截面不同的点会受到不同程度的高频干扰,桩顶90°点受到了较小的高频干扰,低应变检测时激振点与传感器夹角为90°时更容易得到清晰的反射波信号。解析解和有限元解的结果均表明,带帽桩在桩帽的动力响应信号能看到明显的桩底反射和缺陷反射时距离桩心不同点上所感受的高频干扰的频率一样,速度振幅不同,距桩心0.50 （ 为桩半径）的点受到最小的干扰。     

声频应力波在锚杆锚固状态检测中的应用

研究了声频应力波法快速普查检测锚杆锚固状态的原理及评价分级标准,并将它成功地应用于潘一矿锚杆施工质量的检测,得出了利用声频应力波快速普查检测锚杆锚固质量的方法是切实可行和有效的。     

反射波法在基桩完整性检测中的应用

桩基础在工程建设中应用广泛,对其进行质量检测十分重要。介绍一种快速,有效的桩基检测方法－反射波法,从检测原理到结合工程实例,阐述其在桩身结构完整性检测中的应用。     

测震记录仪时间记录系统常见误差分析

本文讨论我国现阶段,测震台站常用测震仪器的时间记录各环节误差的产生、大小的估计及注意事项。