Composite spectra XIX: HD 208253, a long‐period binary whose hot secondary has enhanced strontium and barium

We separate and analyse the component spectra of the composite‐spectrum binary HD 208253. We find that the cool primary is an evolving star of spectral type G7 III, while its hot secondary is an early‐A dwarf. The giant is currently near the lowest point of the red‐giant branch and is slightly less luminous than its dwarf companion. We provide a set of precise radial‐velocity measurements for both stars. The double‐lined orbit which we derive from them shows that the component mass ratio is close to unity (q = 1.05 ± 0.01). We deduce the physical properties of both stars, determine their respective masses to be 2.75 ± 0.07 Me (giant) and 2.62 ± 0.07 Me (dwarf), and show that the orbit's inclination is within a degree or two of 68°. The spectrum of the A‐type component has quite component has quite narrow lines (we infer a rotational velocity of 18 km s^–1), though since the period of the orbit is well over 1 year that component cannot be in synchronous rotation. An intriguing property of the dwarf is its enhanced Sr and Ba, though it does not exhibit the other spectral peculiarities that would signal a classical Am star. While by no means unique amongst the multitude of oddities exhibited by A and early‐F stars, this dwarf which we have uncovered in a long‐period binary offers valuable constraints and challenges to stellar‐evolution theory. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

山西春季层状云系数值模拟及与飞机探测对比

采用中国气象科学研究院 (CAMS) 中尺度云参数化模式对2010年4月20日山西省一次春季层状降水云系的宏微观结构,特别是垂直方向上的微物理结构进行了数值模拟和分析。利用携带云粒子探测设备的飞机对该次层状云系进行了两次云物理探测飞行,并将飞机探测所获取的数据和图像资料与数值模拟结果进行了对比研究。模拟结果显示:该次降水过程以层状冷云降水为主,云中过冷水含量丰富,云系存在明显的3层结构,地面降水主要来自于云中高层冰晶、雪、霰等冰相粒子的融化和低层云水的转化。数值模拟与飞机探测对比分析显示,高空温度、湿度和高度的配置两者基本一致,数值模拟不同高度的云粒子相态、垂直方向云水比含水量与飞机探测获取的云粒子图像和云液态水含量的垂直结构基本吻合,但数值模拟的云中各种水成物粒子出现的高度较飞机探测偏高。     

基于复合方法的天水盆地宽频带地震动模拟

本文采用有限差分和随机振动合成结合的复合方法,模拟了当礼县—罗家堡断裂发生矩震级Mw7.7级大地震时,在天水盆地产生的宽频带地震动场,分析了在设定地震条件下盆地内的地震动分布特征,为该区黄土地震滑坡分析提供了地震动参数结果。结果显示:(1)有限差分法和随机振动合成法可以很好地互补,得到盆地内地表宽频带地震动;(2)地震在盆地区域产生了强烈地震动,PGA(峰值加速度)介于150~900 gal,离断层较近的区域东南角的PGA最大,随着断层距的增加,PGA逐渐减小。河谷南侧的PGA值相比北侧较大,具备诱发滑坡的强大动力条件;(3)盆地区域PGV(峰值速度)最大为120 cm/s。受第四系覆盖层放大效应和地形放大效应共同影响,水平向地震动在盆地区域东侧和中部具有较大PGV,而西侧PGV相对较小。竖向地震动在盆地区域东侧较弱,而在中部和西侧较强,特别是最西侧陡峭的山坡上,PGV达到了最大值。此外,竖向地震动明显受到覆盖层厚度的影响,譬如在盆地区域南侧的中间部位,也具有较大的PGV。     

融合时间序列环境卫星数据与物候特征的水稻种植区提取

获取高精度的区域水稻种植面积对于农业规划、配置与决策具有重要意义。区域尺度的水稻面积获取依赖于高时空分辨率影像,但受卫星回访周期和气候影响,难以获取足够时间序列的高时空分辨率影像,从而影响水稻种植面积遥感提取的精度。为此,提出适应于中国南方多雨云天气地区,基于国产环境卫星(HJ-1A/1B)与MODIS融合数据的水稻种植面积提取的新方法。以洞庭湖区为实验区,利用STARFM模型融合环境卫星NDVI数据与MODIS13Q1数据,获取时间序列的环境卫星NDVI数据,利用水稻关键期的NDVI数据结合物候特征参数对水稻种植区域进行提取。结果表明,该方法能有效提取区域水稻种植的面积,水稻种植面积提取的总体精度与Kappa系数分别达到91.71%与0.9024,分类结果明显优于仅采用多光谱影像或NDVI数据。该研究为中国南方多雨云天气地区水稻种植面积提取提供了有效的方法。     

吉林龙冈火山群金龙顶子火山喷发物中幔源包体的基本特征及其地质意义

龙冈火山群金龙顶子火山喷发发生在距今1500年前,其火山喷发物中所含的幔源橄榄岩包体是我国在最新火山喷发物中所发现的幔源包体。这些包体以普遍含有韭闪石为特征。包体的结构和位错构造反映这些包体在上地幔条件下经历过一定程度的变形作用。包体的平衡温度大多数集中在800～950℃之间,只有个别样品温度达到1050℃;平衡压力大多数集中在1.0～1.5 GPa之间。由包体平衡温度、压力得到的上地幔地温线稍低于中国东部由新第三纪包体得到的上地幔地温线,但接近第四纪包体得到的地温线。包体在上地幔条件下变形时的差异应力在30～44MPa,应变速率为10-18s-110-15s-1。角闪石的出现反映上地幔流体的渗透及交代作用。金龙顶子火山发的玄武岩浆直接来自35～50km的上地幔顶部。     

Rock Magnetism Study on Loess-Paleosol Sequence at Huixinggou Section of Sanmenxia Basin

Rock magnetism is the foundation of paleomagnetism and environmental magnetism study, and is effective in identifying the components, grain size and content of magnetic minerals in rocks and sediments. A systematic rock magnetism investigation has been conducted on the Huixinggou loess-paleosol sequence at Shuigou-Huixinggou Paleolithic site of Sanmenxia Basin in the southeastern Loess Plateau. Results show that the magnetic assemblage of the section is dominated by magnetite and maghemite, as well as hematite, exhibiting the average grain size of magnetic minerals is attributed to Pseudo-Single Domain (PSD). The variation curves of magnetic parameters are consistent and well comparable to marine oxygen isotope curves, with low values corresponding to the loess deposition during glacial periods, and high values corresponding to the paleosol development during interglacial periods, jointly demonstrating the glacial-interglacial cyclicities of magnetic mineral types, composition, and grain size of Chinese loess-paleosol sequences under the influence of alternating strengthening and weakening of Eastern Asian paleomonsoon over the Quaternary period. Comprehensive analysis reveals that the relative content of high-coercivity antiferromagnetic minerals is higher in loess than in paleosol, whilst the absolute content of high-coercivity antiferromagnetic minerals in paleosol is generally higher than that in loess accompanying increasing intensity of pedogenesis. The mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) shows distinctly positive correlations with anhysteretic susceptibility (χ_ARM), Saturation Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (SIRM) and magnetic grain size dependent parameters (χ_ARM/SIRM and χ_ARM/χ), indicating that the pedogenic producing Single Domain (SD) and small PSD ferrimagnetic particles contribute significantly to the magnetic susceptibility enhancement.     

养殖水体环境参数随潮汐变化特征及相关性分析——以湛江特呈岛东近岸海域为例

利用2018年4-5月在湛江特呈岛东边海域养殖区内测定的数据,以及海事服务网提供的潮汐数据,分析了研究区域潮汐、流速和流向的变化规律,研究了溶解氧(Dissolved Oxygen,DO)、化学需氧量CODMn(Chemical Oxygen Demand)、二氧化碳CO2浓度和pH等海水环境参数随潮汐变化的特征以及相关性,建立了分别利用DO和pH值来估算海水CO2浓度的新算法,平均估算精度分别达到90%和95%。分析结果表明:(1)研究区域呈现不规则半日潮,流速随潮汐变化分为正相关和负相关两种类型;流向随着潮汐变化基本是东南与西北向;(2) CODMn的变化完全取决于涨落潮过程,涨潮时CODMn值逐渐下降,而落潮过程CODMn值逐渐上升;(3) CO2浓度呈现出明显的日变化,在午后数值达到最低值,不完全受制于潮汐过程的控制;(4) DO和pH两者的变化趋势高度一致,其变化过程与CO2浓度变化过程正好相反;(5)同一地点的海洋环境参数随潮汐涨落有很大的变异性,因而在进行空间大面海洋环境参数调查时,用某时刻的值代表该点的全天情况会出现较大的误差。     

一种新型海底沉积物声学原位测量系统的研制及应用

为了能够精确地测量海底表层沉积物的声学参数, 自主研制了一种新型海底沉积物声学原位测量系统, 与国内外传统的声学原位测量系统相比, 该系统能够实时显示声波波形, 调整测量参数, 其工作方式除了站位式测量之外, 还实现了拖行式连续测量, 极大地提高了工作效率.根据前期海试情况, 对海底仪器结构进行了重新设计, 使之可以同时测量海底沉积物及海底海水的声学参数, 同时建立了双向数字信道, 解决了测量过程中系统信号的干扰问题.该系统的结构分为两部分:甲板控制单元和水下测量单元, 整套系统通过主机控制程序进行控制, 采用GPS定位系统测定仪器的大地坐标.为了检验系统的稳定性及准确性, 分别进行了实验室水槽实验和海上试验.利用水声测量设备对测量系统进行实验室水槽标定分析, 实验结果表明系统测量值相对误差仅为0.04%, 测量结果具有较高的精度.海上试验在青岛胶州湾和东海海域进行, 获得了试验区域海底沉积物声速和声衰减系数的测量数据, 将测量数据与他人的研究结果进行对比分析, 结果表明测量数据与前人研究结果一致, 较为准确.该原位测量系统在站位式测量和拖行式测量中都能够快速准确地测量出沉积物声速和声衰减系数, 可以作为海底底质声学测量的调查设备.     

安徽地区震源参数的相关性研究

基于安徽数字地震台网2010年1月至2017年12月记录到的ML2.5~5.0级地震,根据中小地震震源参数测定原理,利用多台多地震联合反演Atkinson方法和Moya方法分别计算了安徽地区地壳平均非弹性衰减因子Q值和安徽24个省属专业地震的台站场地。在此基础上,运用遗传算法求得安徽地区96个地震事件的震源谱参数,进而根据Brune中小地震圆盘模型计算其拐角频率、地震矩、应力降、矩震级、震源尺度等震源参数,并分析其特征及相互之间的关系。研究结果表明:安徽地区中小地震的ML震级与其他震源参数之间存在一定相关关系,而地震矩M0与应力降Δσ、震源尺度r和拐角频率fc之间并未表现出明显的相关关系。     

Galaxy groups at 0.3 ≤z≤ 0.55 – I. Group properties

The evolution of galaxies in groups may have important implications for the evolution of the star formation history of the Universe, since many processes which operate in groups may suppress star formation and the fraction of galaxies in bound groups grows rapidly between   z = 1  and the present day. In this paper, we present an investigation of the properties of galaxies in galaxy groups at intermediate redshift  ( z ∼ 0.4)  . The groups were selected from the Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology Redshift Survey (CNOC2) redshift survey as described by Carlberg et al., with further spectroscopic follow-up undertaken at the Magellan telescope in order to improve the completeness and depth of the sample. We present the data for the individual groups, and find no clear trend in the fraction of passive galaxies with group velocity dispersion and group concentration. We stack the galaxy groups in order to compare the properties of group galaxies with those of field galaxies at the same redshift. The groups contain a larger fraction of passive galaxies than the field, this trend being particularly clear for galaxies brighter than   M _{B J} < −20  in the higher velocity dispersion groups. In addition, we see evidence for an excess of bright passive galaxies in the groups relative to the field. In contrast, the luminosity functions of the star-forming galaxies in the groups and the field are consistent. These trends are qualitatively consistent with the differences between group and field galaxies seen in the local Universe.