利用地震海洋学方法研究南海东北部东沙海域内孤立波的结构特征

多尺度动力过程是当前海洋学研究的重点。地震海洋学能在数百km的剖面上获得分辨率为10 m的高质量数据,基于该数据能够解析涡旋边缘的亚中尺度动力现象（如北冰洋地震剖面研究发现的漂亮旋臂）和内孤立波的振幅垂向结构,并能够进行内孤立波波形变化与混合参数分布叠合分析等,本文对这些方面获得的新认识和新进展进行了综述。同时,共偏移距剖面叠前偏移方法充分利用多道地震的多次覆盖特点,获得随时间变化的一系列地震图像,为地震海洋学在海洋内部结构的时空演变研究方面增添了利器。因此,地震海洋学提供的新的时空视角必将在海洋多尺度动力过程研究中起到重要作用。     

Water temperature behaviour in the River Loire since 1976 and 1881

Analysis of monthly mean river temperatures, recorded on an hourly basis in the middle reaches of the Loire since 1976, allows reconstruction by multiple linear regression of the annual, spring and summer water temperatures from equivalent information on air temperatures and river discharge. Since 1881, the average annual and summer temperatures of the Loire have risen by approximately 0.8?°C, this increase accelerating since the late 1980s due to the rise in air temperature and also to lower discharge rates. In addition, the thermal regime in the Orleans to Blois reach is considerably affected by the inflow of groundwater from the Calcaires de Beauce aquifer, as shown by the summer energy balance. To cite this article: F. Moatar, J. Gailhard, C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).     

交通地理信息系统中的时空动态分段模型研究

动态分段技术是交通地理信息系统(GIS-T)中一项重要的线性要素动态显示与分析技术,该文提出了一种时空动态分段模型,使动态分段系统的组成成分融入时态因素,并将属性的时态信息作为属性信息表的字段存储,通过时态地理信息系统技术完成物理段的时态变化。利用统一建模语言(UML)的类图设计方式开发了物理模型,描述了时空动态分段模型中对象之间的关系,并定义了必要的属性和操作;同时基于线性参照系统(LRS)表达空间实体的方法,概括了模型中所涉及到的主要拓扑关系。实验表明,时空动态分段模型弥补其他模型将时空参考分为时间参考和空间参考所产生的不足,而且更明确地将多重属性和物理实体有机结合起来。     

巩乃斯避暑旅游气象指数分析与评价

根据巩乃斯、和静站2009—2018年6—8月的逐日平均气温、最高气温、相对湿度、风速等气象观测资料,采用对比分析、通径分析及模糊综合评价等方法对巩乃斯地区夏季避暑旅游气象资源优势进行分析和评价.结果表明:巩乃斯夏季气候凉爽、湿度适宜、风速不大,人体感觉凉爽、舒适,适合避暑旅行.人体舒适度与空气温度呈显著正相关,与相对...     

围岩参数Monte－Carlo有限元反分析

提出了应用隧道施工监测的随机值，采用蒙特一卡罗（Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ）有限元随机反分析以反推地层参数和初始地应力分布的方法。反推参数不仅给出其均值，还给出参数的方差及分布类型，为地下结构稳定性和可靠性分析提供必要数据。为检验所提的反分析方法对工程的实用性，文中给出了一个实例。     

中国东海海平面长期变化与趋势研究

From the analyses of the satellite altimeter Maps of Sea Level Anomaly(MSLA) data, tidal gauge sea level data and historical sea level data, this paper investigates the long-term sea level variability in the East China Sea(ECS).Based on the correlation analysis, we calculate the correlation coefficient between tidal gauge and the closest MSLA grid point, then generate the map of correlation coefficient of the entire ECS. The results show that the satellite altimeter MSLA data is effective to observe coastal sea level variability. An important finding is that from map of correlation coefficient we can identify the Kuroshio. The existence of Kuroshio decreases the correlation between coastal and the Pacific sea level. Kurishio likes a barrier or a wall, which blocks the effect of the Pacific and the global change. Moreover, coastal sea level in the ECS is mainly associated with local systems rather than global change. In order to calculate the long-term sea level variability trend, the empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method is applied to derive the trend on each MSLA grid point in the entire ECS. According to the 2-D distribution of the trend and rising rate, the sea level on the right side of the axis of Kuroshio rise faster than in its left side. This result supports the barrier effect of Kuroshio in the ECS. For the entire ECS, the average sea level rose 45.0 mm between 1993 and 2010, with a rising rate of(2.5±0.4) mm/a which is slower than global average.The relatively slower sea level rising rate further proves that sea level rise in the ECS has less response to global change due to its own local system effect.     

太湖叶绿素a同化系统敏感性分析

太湖叶绿素a同化系统对于不同参数的敏感性将直接影响到该系统能否精确的估算太湖叶绿素a的浓度分布.利用2009年4月21日环境一号卫星(HJ-1B CCD2)影像数据反演太湖叶绿素a浓度场信息.以此作为背景场信息,结合基于集合均方根滤波的太湖叶绿素a同化系统,分析和评价了样本数目、同化时长、背景场误差、观测误差和模型误差对于同化系统性能的影响.结果表明:从计算成本、系统运行时间和同化效果等方面分析,当集合样本数目达到30~40左右时同化系统取得了较好的结果;同化系统对于背景场误差的估计变化不是很敏感,即初始场的估计是否准确对于同化系统的性能影响不是很大;同化系统对于模型误差和观测误差的变化较为敏感,不同的测试点位由于水体动力学性质不一,其敏感性的表现形式有所差异;利用数据同化方法可以有效地估算太湖叶绿素a浓度.     

国产磁通门磁力仪稳定性分析

国产磁通门磁力仪(GM-3磁通门磁力仪)在全国各地磁台站推广应用,两年来,该仪器在武汉地震台工作比较稳定。本文对该仪器的基线值进行了多层线性回归分析。结果表明仪器性能比较稳定。     

Mechanical transitional behavior of binary mixtures via DEM: Effect of differences in contact-type friction coefficients

This report presents a numerical investigation of the shear behavior of binary mixtures via a two-dimensional discrete element method. The effect of the coarse particle content on the peak shear strength of mixtures is investigated for different contact-type friction coefficients. A detailed analysis on the anisotropies enables us to understand the microscopic mechanisms that result in the dependency of the peak shear strengths on the coarse particle content. The contributions of different contact types to the peak shear strength are quantified. Lastly, the inter-particles structures are examined when the binary mixtures become coarse-particle-supported structures.     

基于MODIS数据地表温度反演劈窗算法的比较研究

选取QIN和SOB两种代表性劈窗算法对辽宁地区地表温度进行反演,并分析二者的精度和误差分布。结果表明：QIN和SOB算法反演的地表温度（TS）与地面气象台站准同步观测的气温和地温的线性拟合显著,SOB算法线性拟合更好;从误差分布直方图上看,两种算法的反演结果与地温更接近,SOB算法与同步气温和地温在±2 ℃之间的误差比例略高于QIN算法;在野外开展与卫星遥感空间尺度一致的地表温度观测试验,QIN和SOB算法与实测值的平均绝对误差均为1.5 ℃;与NASA官网发布的地表温度产品对比发现,QIN和SOB算法的平均绝对误差分别为1.75 ℃、1.70 ℃;因此QIN、SOB算法在辽宁地区均适用,SOB算法误差更小。