柳林泉域降水补给的时滞研究

柳林泉位于山西省柳林县东川河河谷,是中国北方最大的岩溶泉之一.1984～2005 年间的平均流量为 3.29 m3/s.流域内的大气降水是泉水的主要补给来源.根据柳林泉域水文地质条件的灰色系统特征,通过对泉域降水补给的时滞问题研究,提出了带有时滞的灰色关联分析模型.在此基础上,运用该模型对泉域不同地区的降水量与泉水流量进行了时滞分析.结果表明,柳林泉域不同区域的降水对柳林泉域的补给时滞存在差异.离石、中阳和方山的降水时滞分别为 3 a、4 a 和 6 a.该方法可应用于山西省其它岩溶大泉的岩溶水动态分析.     

大直径钢管斜桩多束锚杆桩在上海洋山深水港工程的应用

通过大直径钢管斜桩多束锚杆桩在上海洋山深水港工程的应用,介绍了斜桩锚岩的工艺流程、施工质量措施、孔内常见事故处理,斜桩锚岩在海域码头基础施工领域的成功运用证明其具有广阔的应用前景。     

鱼儿山V6脉坑钻联合探矿技术研究

湖南省沅陵县沃溪矿区危矿项目ZK9103、ZK7304孔揭露到鱼儿山V1脉底部V6蚀变层位,为缓解鱼儿山资源开采危机,运用地表立钻和坑内立钻相结合的探矿手段先控制V6脉主要工业矿体推测资源量、赋存平面位置与标高,再结合现有坑探工程现状,布置坑内反斜井+底板穿脉大巷+顺层底板斜井进行深部开拓与沿脉坑探工程探明和扩大可开发资源储量,达到了很好的探矿效果,延长了鱼儿山矿山服务年限。并建议在十六棚公、红岩溪、粟家溪等矿段的相应勘探线扩展探矿,进一步扩大底部V6盲脉的资源找矿前景。     

大直径嵌岩斜桩冲击钻头冲击齿破岩数值模拟研究

大直径嵌岩斜桩的冲击成孔过程非常复杂,常规冲击钻头在钻进过程中存在效率低、磨损快、使用寿命低和成孔质量不高等问题,而钻头底部的冲击齿的类型和排布方式是解决这些问题的关键因素之一。基于此,本文采用数值模拟的方法,利用ANSYS LS-DYNA软件分析了三角棱柱齿、楔形齿和双锥形齿等3种冲击齿在不同冲程条件下冲击破坏不同抗拉强度砂岩的过程。研究结果表明,在岩石强度较低时,可以优先选择楔形齿,而受施工条件限制需要在低冲程条件下钻进较高强度岩石时,可优先采用三角棱柱齿。研究成果可为大直径嵌岩斜桩的冲击成孔施工选择钻头冲击齿提供一定的理论依据。     

A PLANE MODEL FOR THE STRESS FIELD AROUND AN INCLINED,CASED AND CEMENTED WELLBORE

In-plane and out-of-plane analyses for the stress field around an internally pressurized, cased, cemented and remotely loaded circular hole have been developed in this report. Taking into account the well-known solution for a pressurized circular hole in an infinite medium, we have effected appropriate complex potentials for the steel ring and the cement annulus, such that continuity of stresses and displacements is maintained along the steel/cement and cement/rock interfaces and prescribed pressure is imposed along the open hole. Results indicate that the plane of the maximum tangential stress may rotate 90°, between the steel/cement and the cement/rock interfaces. A quantitative justification for the occurrence of such a rotation is presented, by considering the hole, the steel and the cement layers as a single ‘equivalent’ inclusion, bonded on the rock matrix.     

空间定向钻孔轨迹设计

针对目前在煤层气勘探开发领域尚未解决的空间定向钻孔轨迹设计问题,提出了分支孔斜平面设计法。该法使空间定向钻孔设计简化为斜平面内定向钻孔设计。而斜平面内定向钻孔设计又可借助于垂直平面内定向钻孔的设计方法。因此,使用该法不仅解决了空间定向钻孔轨迹设计问题,而且方法简单,设计灵活。      

间歇型降雨对堆积层斜坡变形破坏的物理模拟研究

为研究间歇型降雨作用下缓倾堆积层斜坡的变形破坏特征,以樱桃沟滑坡为例,进行了降雨作用下斜坡变形破坏的物理模拟研究。试验结果表明：前期降雨作用下坡体变形特征表现为前缘滑移沉陷、中部滑移、后缘沉陷、坡体裂缝生成,且前缘裂缝扩张明显,后期降雨作用下坡脚区域首先发生滑塌,然后依次向后缘传递发生逐阶滑塌破坏;降雨入渗易在基岩面上储存,形成暂态地下水位、高孔隙水压力区域和坡向渗流场,基岩面附近土体饱水时间长,软化程度高,抗剪强度弱化显著,边坡易沿基覆界面土层发生滑坡;坡体滑动易发生在降雨间歇期,触发特征表现为雨后坡体暂态饱和区水分和坡表积水持续下渗,导致地下水位上升滞后于降雨,造成坡体内浮托力、渗透力和孔隙水压力增大,有效应力降低,诱发滑坡。     

Field stresses around an inclined shaft

In this study, the vertical overburden pressure in the vicinity of an inclined circular underground opening is defined by relation to the geometry of the medium. The stresses around the opening consisting of six components are induced by geostatic field stress. In this regard, the inclined circular opening i.e. shaft changes the original stress condition and an interrupted region develops beneath it. Three zones are defined on a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of shaft. The mathematical expressions of vertical overburden stresses at these three zones are established, respectively. The example given in appendix demonstrates the variation of radial and tangential stresses around the inclined shaft. It is seen that the stress distributions in the third zone, which includes the interrupted region, beneith the shaft display different configurations than that of those obtained by undisturbed field stresses. In the interrupted region the stresses around the shaft linearly grow up due to increasing overburden pressure by radial distance from the periphery of the shaft. At the boundary of interrupted region stresses jump to the original values induced by field stresses. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

管道穿越黄土陡坡斜井工程稳定性分析

长输油气管道工程频遇黄土冲沟,给管线的施工和安全运营带来了困难。基于邓肯-张非线性弹性本构模型,利用数值模拟方法,对斜井开挖法穿越边坡的井周及坡体的受力变形规律进行了系统的研究和分析。结果表明,在确保斜井布设在边坡潜在的最危险滑动面以外的前提下,坡顶斜井入口越接近坡肩,斜井井周及坡体的稳定性越好。鉴于黄土斜井拱顶易出现塌落的问题,基于多工况数值模拟分析结果,结合响应面方法,构建了拱顶屈服区深度的预测公式,经验证相关性良好,可用于对斜井穿越黄土冲沟或陡坡的支护设计。     

成层地基中倾斜偏心荷载下单桩计算分析

针对工程中地基土性质变化的具体情况,假定地基系数满足(mz+C)的线性增长规律,考虑P-Δ效应并计入桩身自重和桩侧摩阻力的影响,采用矩阵计算方法,分别得到单层土中倾斜偏心荷载作用、桩段顶端倾斜偏心荷载作用以及桩身水平分布荷载共同作用下的竖向单桩计算分析的幂级数解答。并在此基础上,利用上述两幂级数解答对成层地基中倾斜偏心荷载下单桩的受力进行了分析计算,列出了具体的计算步骤;最后,结合某具体实例,对上述方法进行了验证,结果表明,该解答与实际吻合较好,具有一定的应用价值。