静止环境中平面负浮力排放近区特性的数值研究

运用k-ε湍流模型,建立静止环境中平面负浮力倾斜射流的二维数学模型,采用D.M.Shahrabani和J.D.Ditmars的试验资料进行检验,并且对这类流动进行了数值预报。在此基础上,提出了将射流影响区域划分成为三个区的概念,即:射流区、回流区和水平扩展区,也给出了射流区和水平扩展区及射流区内部分区的界限。给出了收缩断面的位置及该断面物理量的分布,为远区特性计算给出了定解条件。     

利用主成分分析法研究余干地震台接收函数

对模型合成的理论接收函数进行主成分分析,研究在倾斜界面和各向异性影响下主成分形态变化规律,分析倾斜界面倾角和各向异性强度对接收函数R分量主成分贡献率的影响。对江西余干地震台的接收函数R分量主成分进行分析,结果发现:Ps震相的平均走时为3.4 s;台站下方介质的各向异性和倾斜界面同时存在,各向异性快轴大致呈NE向,倾斜界面倾向约170°。     

Double Porosity Finite Element Method for Borehole Modeling

Summary. This paper considers the mechanical and hydraulic response around an arbitrary oriented borehole drilled in a naturally fractured formation. The formation is treated as a double porosity medium consisting of the primary rock matrix as well as the fractured systems, which are each distinctly different in porosity and permeability. The poro-mechanical formulations that couple matrix and fracture deformations as well as fluid flow aspects are presented. A double porosity and double permeability finite element solution for any directional borehole drilled in the fractured porous medium is given. Compared with conventional single-porosity analyses, the proposed double-porosity solution has a larger pore pressure in the matrix and a smaller tensile stress in the near-wellbore region. The effects of time, fracture, mud weight, and borehole inclination in the double-porosity solution are parametrically studied to develop a better understanding of physical characteristics governing borehole problems.     

用几何规划解决弹簧的优化设计

介绍了几何规划的基本理论和在工程机械设计中的应用方法，将几何规划用于ＸＲＣ－１型斜井人车的弹簧优化设计，与传统设计方法相比显著地提高了经济效益。     

Tidal-channel deposits on a delta plain from the Upper Miocene Nauta Formation, Marañón Foreland Sub-basin, Peru

Miocene siliciclastic sediments of the Marañón Foreland Sub‐basin in Peru record the sedimentary response to regional marine incursions into Amazonia. Contrary to previous interpretations, the Late Miocene Nauta Formation provides evidence of the last known marine incursion before the current Amazonia river basin became established. Sedimentological, ichnological and palynological data from well‐exposed outcrops along a ca 100 km road transect suggest that the Nauta Formation represents a shallow, marginal‐marine channel complex dominated by tidal channels developed in the inactive, brackish‐water portions of a delta plain. The main facies associations are: FA1 – slightly bioturbated mud‐draped trough cross‐stratified sand; FA2 – locally, pervasively bioturbated inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS); and FA3 – moderately bioturbated horizontally bedded sand–mud couplets. These identify subtidal compound dunes, tidal point bars and shallow subtidal to intertidal flats, respectively. Bi‐seasonal depositional cycles are ascribed to the abundant metre‐ to decimetre‐scale sand–mud couplets that are found mainly in the IHS association: semi‐monthly to daily tidal rhythmicity is inferred from centimetre‐ and millimetre‐scale couplets in the mud‐dominated parts of the decimetre‐scale couplets. The ichnology of the deposits is consistent with brackish depositional conditions; the presence of Laminites, a variant of Scolicia, attests to episodic normal marine conditions. Trace fossil suites are assigned to the Skolithos, Cruziana and mixed Skolithos–Cruziana ichnofacies. Pollen assemblages related to mangrove environments (e.g. Retitricolporites sp., Zonocostites sp., Psilatricolporites maculosus, Retitricolpites simplex) support a brackish‐water setting. Uplift of the Mérida Andes to the North and the consequent closure of the Proto‐Caribbean connection, and the onset of the transcontinental Amazon drainage, constrain the deposition of the Nauta sediments with around 10 to 8 Ma, probably contemporaneous to similar marine incursions identified in the Cuenca (Ecuador), Acre (Brazil) and Madre de Dios (Southern Peru) (sub)basins, and along the Chaco‐Paranan corridor across Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.     

大直径钢管斜桩多束锚杆桩在上海洋山深水港工程的应用

通过大直径钢管斜桩多束锚杆桩在上海洋山深水港工程的应用,介绍了斜桩锚岩的工艺流程、施工质量措施、孔内常见事故处理,斜桩锚岩在海域码头基础施工领域的成功运用证明其具有广阔的应用前景。     

鱼儿山V6脉坑钻联合探矿技术研究

湖南省沅陵县沃溪矿区危矿项目ZK9103、ZK7304孔揭露到鱼儿山V1脉底部V6蚀变层位,为缓解鱼儿山资源开采危机,运用地表立钻和坑内立钻相结合的探矿手段先控制V6脉主要工业矿体推测资源量、赋存平面位置与标高,再结合现有坑探工程现状,布置坑内反斜井+底板穿脉大巷+顺层底板斜井进行深部开拓与沿脉坑探工程探明和扩大可开发资源储量,达到了很好的探矿效果,延长了鱼儿山矿山服务年限。并建议在十六棚公、红岩溪、粟家溪等矿段的相应勘探线扩展探矿,进一步扩大底部V6盲脉的资源找矿前景。     

大直径嵌岩斜桩冲击钻头冲击齿破岩数值模拟研究

大直径嵌岩斜桩的冲击成孔过程非常复杂,常规冲击钻头在钻进过程中存在效率低、磨损快、使用寿命低和成孔质量不高等问题,而钻头底部的冲击齿的类型和排布方式是解决这些问题的关键因素之一。基于此,本文采用数值模拟的方法,利用ANSYS LS-DYNA软件分析了三角棱柱齿、楔形齿和双锥形齿等3种冲击齿在不同冲程条件下冲击破坏不同抗拉强度砂岩的过程。研究结果表明,在岩石强度较低时,可以优先选择楔形齿,而受施工条件限制需要在低冲程条件下钻进较高强度岩石时,可优先采用三角棱柱齿。研究成果可为大直径嵌岩斜桩的冲击成孔施工选择钻头冲击齿提供一定的理论依据。     

A PLANE MODEL FOR THE STRESS FIELD AROUND AN INCLINED,CASED AND CEMENTED WELLBORE

In-plane and out-of-plane analyses for the stress field around an internally pressurized, cased, cemented and remotely loaded circular hole have been developed in this report. Taking into account the well-known solution for a pressurized circular hole in an infinite medium, we have effected appropriate complex potentials for the steel ring and the cement annulus, such that continuity of stresses and displacements is maintained along the steel/cement and cement/rock interfaces and prescribed pressure is imposed along the open hole. Results indicate that the plane of the maximum tangential stress may rotate 90°, between the steel/cement and the cement/rock interfaces. A quantitative justification for the occurrence of such a rotation is presented, by considering the hole, the steel and the cement layers as a single ‘equivalent’ inclusion, bonded on the rock matrix.     

空间定向钻孔轨迹设计

针对目前在煤层气勘探开发领域尚未解决的空间定向钻孔轨迹设计问题,提出了分支孔斜平面设计法。该法使空间定向钻孔设计简化为斜平面内定向钻孔设计。而斜平面内定向钻孔设计又可借助于垂直平面内定向钻孔的设计方法。因此,使用该法不仅解决了空间定向钻孔轨迹设计问题,而且方法简单,设计灵活。