Influence of shear angle on hangingwall deformation during tectonic inversion

Tectonic inversion is a common phenomenon in island arc settings, especially in back‐arc basins. The reactivation of normal faults as thrusts, triggered by tectonic inversion, produces typical inversion fault‐related folds and thrusts in the hangingwall. These hangingwall inversion geometries are affected by two factors: the geometry of the underlying master fault and the angle of inclined simple shear relative to the regional dip of strata, in the case that the deformation is approximated by simple shear. This study employed numerical simulations to analyse the influence of the antithetic shear angle on the geometry of the hangingwall and displacement along the master fault. The simulation results reveal that a steeply inclined shear vector during extension produces a narrow, steep‐sided half‐graben, whereas a gently inclined shear produces a wide, open basin. After tectonic inversion, a tight anticline is formed under steeply inclined shear, whereas an open anticline is formed under gently inclined shear. Antithetic shear results in reduced total displacement along the master fault, and the greater the angle between the shear direction and the regional dip, the greater the displacement along the master fault. Because the deformation geometry of syn‐extension layers is affected by extension followed by contraction, a change in the shear angle during tectonic inversion produces a wide variety of deformation geometries. Comparison of the simulation results with the results of analogue modelling suggests that the shear angle decreases by 5° during the transition from extension to tectonic inversion and that such a change may be commonly observed in natural geological structures. These results highlight the benefits of numerical simulations, which can be used to readily examine a variety of constraining parameters and thereby lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of hangingwall deformation, avoiding erroneous estimates of the amount of fault displacement.     

克拉玛依科博馆倾斜结构抗震设计

结合克拉玛依市科技博物馆工程,对超限倾斜结构设定性能设计目标,并针对性能目标提出抗震措施及抗震构造措施.考虑结构材料的非线性属性,采用静力非线性分析方法,分析倾斜框架-剪力墙结构在地震作用下的响应,尤其是结构在罕遇地震作用下的非线性动力特性.结果表明,结构在罕遇地震下也是安全可靠的,剪力墙尚处在弹性范围,未出现塑性铰,...     

某炭素厂煅烧车间地基基础加固

因填土含水量升高引起地基基础湿陷下沉,炭素回转窑钢管弯曲影响生产线正常运行。采用水泥水玻璃浆液,利用斜孔在沉灰室基础中线填土部位进行分层注浆;采用超过原桩长的扩底灌注桩对回转窑支架基础进行加固。阻止了地基基础进一步下沉,加固后回转窑至今运行良好。     

洛宁程家沟-沙沟银多金属矿中深斜孔钻探技术

洛宁程家沟-沙沟银多金属矿区矿床产状陡,矿体集中,钻探设计多为分支孔,钻孔中深、斜度大。如何要在保证效益的情况下确保钻孔质量成为关键技术。通过1550 m斜孔施工实例,介绍了矿区中深斜孔钻探工艺的选择及保证钻孔弯曲度的具体措施。     

倾斜煤层中不同倾向多分支井产能预测模型

煤层气分支井产能预测对区块优选、经济评价和排采生产管理等都具有重要的指导意义。根据多分支井在倾斜煤层不同钻进方式引起的分支井段及末端压降特点,回避煤层气从基质、裂隙系统运移的复杂过程,结合达西定律,分别建立了下倾钻进和上覆钻进两种方式下分支井段内与末端的压降模型、解吸半径模型和产气量预测模型。计算结果表明:这些模型能较准确地预测多分支井产能趋势,且方法简便、快捷,对现场排采工作制度具有一定指导作用。      

库水位升降联合降雨作用下库岸边坡中的浸润线研究

库岸边坡中的地下水对其稳定性有重大影响,目前还没有统一的公式用来计算岸坡中的浸润线。为此,建立隔水底板呈缓倾角的均质岸坡模型,采用稳定渗流情况下的浸润线作为非稳定渗流的初始值,推导出库水位升降联合降雨作用下该模型中浸润线的近似解析解。利用Geo-Slope中的SEEP/W程序,对浸润线的近似解析解进行验证分析,结果表明,在不同库水位升降和降雨的组合条件下,由近似解析解确定的浸润线与数值模拟结果基本一致。对库水位升降联合降雨作用下赵树岭滑坡中的浸润线进行研究,利用实测浸润线验证了近似解析解的正确性,并预测了赵树岭滑坡在快速蓄水、快速蓄水＋暴雨、快速泄水及快速泄水＋暴雨4种工况下（库水位波动范围为145～175 m）浸润线的变化情况。最后,从解析解的适用条件出发剖析了近似解析解误差产生的原因,为应用浸润线解析解解决实际问题提供依据。     

宝泉抽水蓄能电站引水系统上斜井古风化壳地层灌浆处理

宝泉抽水蓄能电站引水系统上斜井开挖揭示,在高程668000～651000 m和高程526000～514000 m处,分别穿过古风化壳地层。古风化壳地层岩石极为破碎,夹泥较多,基岩裂隙发育,地下水丰富,透水率较大。古风化壳地层段地层的灌浆处理,成为斜井开挖能否顺利通过该地层的关键,并且直接影响着电站的安全、稳定运行。针对上述问题,通过采取阻水帷幕、高压固结、锥形帷幕灌浆几种方法联合处理,取得了满意的效果。详细介绍了具体的灌浆处理技术措施,分析了处理效果。     

Hydrodynamic Forces on Inclined Cylinder due to Waves with Crossing Current

Based on Morison's Equation and linear wave theory, hydrodynamic forces acting on inclined cylinders due to waves and crossing current at an angle of a, are analyzed. A method for calculating exciting forces is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed method in this paper is feasible and can be used in engineering practice.     

急倾斜煤柱开采后对巷道影响的数值模拟

为提高煤炭的回收率和经济效益,针对长沟峪煤矿4槽煤柱,应用ANSYS有限元软件对-230～-310水平的煤柱开采前后进行数值模拟,得出:(1)煤柱开采以后,煤岩体总体下沉,但对-140水平巷道影响较小。(2)开采后,煤柱的中间部位是转折区,煤柱中部以上主应力减小,属于安全区域;煤柱中部以下主应力增大,随深度的增加,主应力增大;-320水平附近煤柱采后的主应力是采前的2倍多,是煤柱开采后主应力最大的地方,所以开采此区域为相对重点注意区域。(3)煤柱开采后-140水平的煤柱附近主应力增大,是没开采前的1.6倍,也是煤柱开采后主应力较大的地方,开采前要适当对-140水平煤柱附近进行加固。数值模拟得出结果和实际开采吻合较好,因此急倾斜煤柱开采后对巷道影响的数值模拟对开采有一定的指导意义。     

倾斜断层Vzz、Vzzz的联合反问题解

本文利用两个上延高度的V_zz极值距和其中之一高度的V_zzz的零值点获得了倾斜断层的位置、埋深、断距、倾向、倾角以及断层正逆性质等的反问题解。