Measuring solar irradiance profiles in the Arctic sea ice using fiber optic spectrometry via inclined holes

An irradiance profile measurement approach and profiling system were developed to measure the solar irradiance profile of the Arctic sea ice using fiber optic spectrometry. The approach involved using a miniature spectrometer to sense light signals collected and transmitted from a fiber probe. The fiber probe was small, and could thus move freely in inclined bore holes drilled in sea ice with its optical entrance pointing upward. The input-output relationship of the system was analyzed and built. Influence factors that determined the system output were analyzed. A correctional system output approach was proposed to correct the influence of these factors, and to obtain the solar irradiance profile based on the measurements outputted by this system. The overall performance of the system was examined in two ice floes in the Arctic during the 9 th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition. The measured solar irradiance profiles were in good agreement with those obtained using other commercially available oceanographic radiometers. The derived apparent optical properties of sea ice were comparable to those of similar sea ice measured by other optical instruments.     

巫山望霞危岩应急勘查钻探施工方法

巫山望霞危岩加剧变形崩塌,严重威胁当地居民及长江航运的安全,引起重庆市人民政府及国土资源部的高度重视。危岩应急抢险勘查的钻探施工是查清危岩裂隙发育程度和延伸方向、获得岩土力学参数的重要手段。通过现场踏勘后进行难点预测并制订对策措施。采用金刚石单动双管钻进取心,成功采取了危岩基座软弱带样品;采用井中成像技术,直观地反映了危岩裂隙发育状态。在施工组织管理、设备选型、钻探工艺、井中成像技术以及安全措施等方面,为地质灾害的应急抢险勘查积累了经验。     

厄立特里亚Zara金矿大角度斜孔钻探施工技术

介绍厄立特里亚Zara金矿大角度斜孔钻探施工情况,重点针对防斜保直钻进技术要求、复杂地层护壁堵漏、“打滑”地层提速增效等钻探技术进行实践探索。阐述了钻具组合合理配置、冲洗液使用工艺、钻进参数合理选择、钻头合理选用等方面技术措施。在初次完成大角度斜孔钻探施工中摸索和积累施工经验,为今后类似项目的进一步开展打下技术和管理基础。     

中深斜孔绳索取心高强耐磨钻杆的研究与应用

针对中深斜孔钻进中φ60mm绳索取心钻杆机械强度低、耐磨性能差、钻杆拧卸难等问题,采用对绳索取心钻杆整体调质处理的方式．大幅提高了绳索取心钻杆的机械强度;对绳索取心钻杆表面高频淬火,提高了钻杆表面的硬度和耐磨性;采用重型绳索取心带切口接手,初步解决了绳索取心钻杆拧卸问题。采用上述钻杆在中深斜孔钻进中取得了较好的效果。     

Numerical analysis of the response of battered piles to inclined pullout loads

This paper presents a three‐dimensional finite element analysis of the response of battered piles to the combined lateral and vertical pullout loads. Analyses are carried out using an elastoplastic constitutive law based on the non‐associated Mohr–Coulomb criterion. The influence of the contact condition at the pile–soil interface is also investigated. Analyses show that the load's inclination with regard to the pile's axis affects both the lateral and axial response of the battered piles. Analyses also show that the pullout capacity of battered piles is affected by the pile's inclination regarding the vertical axis as well as the load's inclination regarding the pile's axis. The investigation of the influence of the contact condition at the soil–pile interface shows that the possibility of sliding at the soil–pile interface affects the response of battered piles subjected to loads with low inclination regarding the pile's axis. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大坡度斜井联系测量的方法

本文提出适用于大坡度斜井联系测量的方法,并对坐标、坐标方位角、高程传递精度的影响因素遵循显著影响和忽略不计原则进行了分析,建立了具体的数学模型,提出了保证斜井联系测量精度的有效措施。理论分析和实践证明,该斜井联系测量的方法具有操作方便、精度高、占用井筒时间短、受外界环境影响小等优点。     

西加拿大盆地油砂储层中的泥夹层特征

西加拿大盆地含有丰富的油砂资源,主要产于阿尔伯达省东北部的下白垩统马克马里组(McMurray Formation)．该组含有不等的砂泥斜互层．这些砂泥斜互层(IHS)在局部很发育．描述其中的泥夹层为建立客观的储层模型提供了的重要数据．试图从6个方面对泥夹层进行描述并简要讨论如何利用这些描述结果去建立客观有效的储层模型．     

下庄铀矿田湖子地区缓倾斜矿体的新发现及其找矿意义

在下庄铀矿田湖子地区发现有硅化带型、交点型及碱交代型铀矿化,并且以硅化带型铀矿化为主。深部钻探揭露显示,6009号硅化断裂带主带及其上盘次级构造带内的铀矿体在深部延伸比较稳定。在6009号硅化断裂带与黄陂-张光营辉绿岩组的深部交汇区内发现隐伏的缓倾斜铀矿体,该矿体严格受平缓断裂构造控制,根据已有地质成果与认识,推测铀矿体往深部延伸有变厚变富的趋势。深部隐伏缓倾斜铀矿体的发现,有望使湖子地区铀矿化点扩大成为中-大型铀矿床。     

淮南煤田罗园井田地质特征及勘查工程布置

淮南煤田罗园井田构造是以阜凤逆冲推覆断层为主要断层组成的逆冲推覆构造系统。针对推覆体内含煤地层急倾斜、倒转以及总体呈"L"形构造形态特征,在二维地震勘查手段效果不理想的情况下,根据构造发育特征选择以钻探为主,布置了垂直钻孔、定向斜孔、分叉孔,并结合测井、采样测试等手段,取得了良好的地质效果。     

用斜井钻孔崩落资料反演上地壳应力状态的遗传算法

用斜井钻孔崩落资料求取地壳应力状态是一个非线性反演问题。而遗传算法是解反演问题的有效方法之一。本文由斜井钻孔崩落的理论模型,用人工数据检验了遗传算法应用于此问题的有效性。对冀中坳陷内的饶阳凹陷和深县凹陷两个地区的６口油井的钻孔崩落数据进行了处理,用遗传算法反演了这两个凹陷的上地壳应力状态,与用非线性反演和枚举相结合的方法相比,大大减少了计算量,得到了令人满意的结果。