一种绢云母样品的综合鉴定分析

运用X射线衍射、差热分析以及扫描电子显微镜等现代分析测试技术，对某地绢云母矿样品进行了综合分析，查明了该样品中矿物组成；证明样品中的粘土矿物成分是绢云母，而不是伊利石，为更好地对该绢云母资源进行开发利用提供了可靠的依据。     

青田石品种的分类及其鉴别特征研究

目前,青田石约有100余品种。X射线粉末衍射和化学成分分析表明,依据其矿物组成,青田石可分为叶蜡石型、地开石型、伊利石型和绢云母型。其中,叶蜡石型又可细分为纯叶蜡石亚型、高Fe叶蜡石亚型、高Al叶蜡石亚型和高Si叶蜡石亚型;按照其产地,青田石可分为＂封门石＂＂周村石＂＂北山石＂＂山炮石＂等。不同产地青田石的鉴别特征与其矿物组成有关。通过脆裂性、＂Fe染现象＂、次要矿物、多型特征、密度等鉴别特征可区分不同的青田石品种。     

内蒙古海拉尔盆地油气成藏期次分析

利用储层自生伊利石测年法、烃源岩生排烃史法和包裹体均一温度法等综合分析了海拉尔盆地油气成藏期次。综合分析表明:海拉尔盆地油气成藏期主要分为两个大的阶段:第一阶段油气成藏时期在距今120～80 Ma,相当于伊敏组沉积时期—青元岗组沉积早期,是海拉尔盆地各凹陷最主要的成藏时期,油气大规模注入储层时期应该在距今105～90 Ma,相当于伊敏组二、三段沉积时期,此时期为烃源岩大量生排烃时期,油气运移动力充足,有利于油气发生运移并聚集成藏;第二阶段为青元岗组沉积至今,青元岗组沉积以来,发生过近东西向的挤压反转,使已形成的油气藏重新调整,同时二次生成的油气继续注入成藏。优质的烃源岩、断裂和稳定的厚层泥岩是控制研究区油气藏形成和分布的主要因素。     

伊利石的物化性能及其高温演化

对伊利石的若干物化性能及其高温变化情况进行了研究,随着温度的升高,其热膨胀性表现为收缩,膨胀,再收缩,松散密度持续降低,白度先降低而后持续升高,ｐＨ值由偏酸性转向偏碱性ＣＥＣ值表现为先升高后降低,伊利石物化性能的这种高温变化与春高温物相结构演化密切相关。     

贵州大方不规则I/S间层粘土的矿物学特征

本文叙述了贵州大方伊/蒙不规则间层粘土（I/S）的矿物学特征，包括矿物组成、化学成分、谱学特征、显微形貌特征以及理化特征，并对其应用前景进行了探讨。结合XRD和HRTEM两方面证据，获得了关于该矿物在C轴方向上的堆垛方式，三种以上共存的间层作用类型有力地证实了其不规则性。     

Variations in Chemical Composition of Clay Minerals and Magnetic Susceptibility of Hydrothermally Altered Rocks in the Hishikari Epithermal Gold Deposit, SW Kyushu, Japan

Hydrothermal alteration, involving chiefly chlorite and illite, is extensively distributed within host rocks of the Pleistocene Hishikari Lower Andesites (HLA) and the Cretaceous Shimanto Supergroup (SSG) in the underground mining area of the Hishikari epithermal gold deposit, Kagoshima, Japan. Approximately 60% of the mineable auriferous quartz‐adularia veins in the Honko vein system occur in sedimentary rocks of the SSG, whereas all the veins of the Yamada vein system occur in volcanic rocks of the HLA. Variations in the abundance and chemical composition of hydrothermal minerals and magnetic susceptibility of the hydrothermally altered rocks of the HLA and SSG were analyzed. In volcanic rocks of the HLA, hydrothermal minerals such as quartz, chlorite, adularia, illite, and pyrite replaced primary minerals. The amount of hydrothermal minerals in the volcanic rocks including chlorite, adularia, illite, and pyrite as well as the altered and/or replaced pyroxenes and plagioclase phenocrysts increases toward the veins in the Honko vein system. The vein‐centered variation in mineral assemblage is pronounced within up to 25 m from the veins in the peripheral area of the Honko vein system, whereas it is not as apparent in the Yamada vein system. The hydrothermal minerals in sandstone of the SSG occur mainly as seams less than a few millimeters thick and are sporadically observed in halos along the veins and/or the seams. The alteration halos in sandstone of the SSG are restricted to within 1 m of the veins. In the peripheral area of the Honko vein system, chlorite in volcanic rocks is characterized by increasing in Al in its tetrahedral layer and the Fe/Fe + Mg ratio toward the veins, while illite in volcanic rocks has relatively low K and a restricted range of Fe/Fe + Mg ratios. Temperature estimates derived from chlorite geothermometry rise toward the veins within the volcanic rocks. The magnetic susceptibility of tuff breccia of the HLA varies from 21 to less than 0.01 × 10^?3 SI within a span of 40 m from the veins and has significant variation relative to that of andesite (27–0.06 × 10^?3 SI). The variation peripheral to the Honko vein system correlates with an increase in the abundance of hematite pseudomorphs after magnetite, the percentage of adularia and chlorite with high Fe/Fe + Mg ratios, and the degree of plagioclase alteration with decreasing distance to the veins. In contrast, sedimentary rocks of the SSG maintain a consistent magnetic susceptibility across the alteration zone, within a narrow range from 0.3 to 0.2 × 10^?3 SI. Magnetic susceptibility of volcanic rocks of the HLA, especially tuff breccia, could serve as an effective exploration tool for identifying altered volcanic rocks.     

The role of minerals in the thermal alteration of organic matter--III. Generation of bitumen in laboratory experiments

A series of pyrolysis experiments, utilizing two different immature kerogens (from the Monterey and Green River Formations) mixed with common sedimentary minerals (calcite, illite, or Na-montmorillonite), was conducted to study the impact of the mineral matrix on the bitumen that was generated. Calcite has no significant influence on the thermal evolution of bitumen and also shows virtually no adsorption capacity for any of the pyrolysate. In contrast, montmorillonite and illite, to a lesser extent, alter bitumen during dry pyrolysis. Montmorillonite and illite also display strong adsorption capacities for the polar constituents of bitumen. By this process, hydrocarbons are substantially concentrated within the pyrolysate that is not strongly adsorbed on the clay matrices. The effects of the clay minerals are significantly reduced during hydrous pyrolysis. The strong adsorption capacities of montmorillonite and illite, as well as their thermocatalytic properties, may in part explain why light oils and gases are generated from certain argillaceous source-rock assemblages, whereas heavy immature oils are often derived from carbonate source rocks.     

大气降尘TEM观察及其环境矿物学意义

在X射线衍射等分析研究基础上，进一步用透射电镜对半封闭室内长期沉积的大气降尘进行观察，提供了合肥地区大气降尘物相组成和各种物相形貌特征信息，揭示合肥地区大气污染物来源占第1位的是地表扬尘，以粘土矿物为标志；占第2位的是来源于大气化学次生气溶胶，主要和SO2、CO2、NOx等气态污染物排放有关，以石膏、碳酸盐和易溶盐类为标志；占第3位的是来源于汽车尾气排放的烟尘，以炭球为标志；占第4位的是来源于燃煤烟尘排放，以球形玻璃珠为特征。TEM调查不仅为合肥地区大气气溶胶颗粒成因、城市大气污染物来源和污染控制对策提供准确资料和依据，而且为确定大气颗粒物来源提供了有效研究方法和物源判别标志。     

川西坳陷鸭子河地区基于多种古温标的钻井热史恢复

利用镜质体反射率(Ro)、磷灰石裂变径迹(AFT)和伊利石结晶度(IC指数)等古温标恢复了四川盆地川西坳陷的钻井热史,对比了不同温标最高古地温的恢复结果.研究表明,研究区晚白垩世至今总体表现为冷却及抬升剥蚀的过程,地温梯度由约26℃·km-1降低至约22℃·km-1,剥蚀量约1.3~1.9km.约80 Ma以来开始抬升剥蚀,40—2.5 Ma经历了一个热平静期,第四纪存在一定的增温,地温梯度增高约5℃·km-1.三种古地温恢复结果具有较高的一致性,相对于镜质体反射率(Ro)和磷灰石裂变径迹(AFT)等成熟古温标,伊利石结晶度作为有机质成熟度指标和沉积岩古温标的应用处于定性分析阶段,该指标的热演化模型仍需进一步探索.     

昆阳磷矿床中白泥层粘土岩及成因分析

白泥层粘土岩是昆阳磷矿床中下寒武统渔户村组中谊村段富磷矿层的夹层。本文通过系统取样，对白泥层粘土岩进行了镜下鉴定、岩石化学分析和Ｘ射线衍射分析，确定白泥层粘土岩中主要粘土矿物为伊利石和伊利石／蒙脱石混层、含少量高岭石，非粘土矿物为石英、白云石、磷灰石等；同时对白泥层的形成环境及伊利石→蒙脱石的转化进行了探讨，为更加深入地研究昆阳磷矿的成因、成矿过程提供了最新的资料。