Screening Effect of the Diffusive Boundary Layer in Sediments of Lake Aha in the Suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province

The redox cycle of iron and manganese is a major geochemica process at the boundary layers of lake sediments.Lake Aha,which lies in the suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province,China,is a medium-sized artificial reservoir with seasonally anoxic hypolimnion,Long-term sedimentary accumulation of iron and manganese resulted in their enrichment in the upper sediments,In the anoxic season,Fe^2 and Mn^2 ,formed by diological oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments.However,the concentration of oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments,However,the concentration of Fe^2 increased later and decreased earlier than that of Mn^2 .Generally,sulfate reduction occurred at 6 cm below the sediment-water interface.Whereas,in the anoxic season.the reduction reached upper sediments,inhibiting the release of Fe^2 ,The Fe concentration of anoxic water is quickly decreased from high to low as a result of reduction of the suplhur system.     

Electric Field Effects on Animals:Mechanism of Seismic Anomalous Animal Behaviors (SAABs)

Electric field effect on animals has been studied to investigate its relation with seismic anomalous animal behaviors(SAABs)in China.Freshwater eel,crucian carp,catfish,and soft-shelled turtle responded to the threshold electric field of 1-10 V/m,while duck,goose,cat,sheep,pig,dog,and chicken all responded to the ground electric field of about tens of V/m,depending on the species as well as on individuals.Most of the behaviors caused by electric field were similar to those reported as SAABs such as alignment,sudden movement,panic,and convulsion.The intensity of electric field due to a major earthquake would have been over these threshold values.Numerical estimation based on an electromagnetic model of a fault has been made to induce SAABs as electric shocks to pulsed electric fields in electro-physiology.The seismic electric signals(SES)intensity might be estimated from the observation of SAABs.     

The temporal and spatial characteristics of the surface air temperature variations over the Antarctic and its surrounding area

The characteristics of the spatial distribution, temporal variations trend and oscillation for the surface air temperature variations during 1957—1993 in the Antarctic and its surrounding area were analyzed. The results show that the short-time climate change in the Antarctic is complex both temporally and spatially. The Antarctic is by no means the strongest responding region to the global greenhouse effect. There is a distinguished difference in the trends of the temperature changes for the Antarctic and global mean, which could not be explained simply by the global greenhouse effect. Project supported by the National Antarctic Key Project of China (85-905).     

青藏公路沿线通信光缆埋设地段冻土工程地质条件及评价

青藏公路沿线季节冻土和多年冻土的总长度为７６０ｋｍ，根据气温冻结指数和融化指数可估算最大季节冻结深度和最大季节融化深度。根据含水量划分出５种冻土类型和５个冻胀敏感性等级。提出了光缆埋设若干选线和施工建议。     

三组结构面状态下不同产状结构面的力学效应研究

本文分析了三组结构面产状模型力学实验结果, 揭示了这种组合条件岩体中产生压剪区、张剪区及结构面、结构体的多种变形成分, 也揭示了压剪区和张剪区形成机理、及三组结构面组合下结构面产状的力学效应。     

成都粘土裂隙成因研究

根据成都粘土中裂隙特征与地质环境条件的分析，提出成都粘土中途中眩要裂隙类型的成因模式，上升剥蚀引起的垂向卸荷作用产生波状水平裂隙，冲沟切割引起的侧向卸荷作用，产生平行斜列隙裂。     

岩土工程实现规模经营,扩大工程市场服务功能,争取更大的经济效益

地矿部吉林地勘避自八十年代初开始推向地质市场，迄今已十多年，服务领域日益扩大，但根据当前市场发展的趋向，必须走视规模经营的路子，引进，更新技术装备，扩大工程市场的服务功能和占有率，才能获得更大的经济效益。     

场地的地震效应及砂土地基的液化

论述了场地地震效应的表现形式，影响砂土液化的主要因素和砂土液化危害的主要特点。     

Simulation Experiments of Land Surface Physical Processes and Ecological Effect over Different Underlying Surface

Based on the existing Land Surface Physical Process Models(Deardorff, Dickinson, LIU, Noilhan, Seller, ZHAO), a Comprehensive Land Surface Physical Process Model (CLSPPM) is developed by considering the different physical processes of the earth‘s surface-vegetation-atmosphere system more completely. Compared with SiB and BATS, which are famous for their detailed parameterizations of physical variables, this simplified model is more convenient and saves much more computation time. Though simple, the feas...     

贵州百花湖分层晚期有机质降解过程与溶解N2O循环

百花湖是一个具有季节性分层的富营养小型湖泊,在秋季湖水倒转期经常发生水质恶化事件,碳氮循环出现异常。文章研究特选择在秋初,湖泊分层开始消失时,测定了湖水中不同深度的N₂O,CH₄,CO₂,有机和无机碳同位素以及其他化学参数变化。结果发现:采样时百花湖在约6m和16m深度附近出现了两个温度不连续层(SDL和PDL),并影响到有机颗粒的沉降和分解。相对而言,有较多的有机质在这两个层内发生降解,但降解的途径有所不同,上部主要是有氧降解,下部则主要是无氧降解过程。N₂O的产生和消耗与有机质的降解过程完全对应:PDL层以上,ΔN₂O与AOU的线性关系反映了N₂O主要形成于硝化作用;PDL层以下反硝化作用导致N₂O严重不饱和;PDL内位于硝化作用和反硝化作用过渡带的N₂O峰,显然是硝化与反硝化联合作用的结果。PDL层内较大的CH₄浓度变化梯度,说明嗜甲烷细菌可能通过氧化NH+4贡献了部分N₂O。百花湖秋、冬季表层湖水N₂O都是过饱和的,都是大气N₂O的源,依据分子扩散模型计算湖泊N₂O的释放通量在12～14μmol/m·day之间,秋、冬季没有明显的差别。秋季底层湖水的反硝化作用是湖泊N₂O的汇,其消耗通量与表层的释放通量基本相当。