小秦岭金矿氢氧同位素组成特征及其成因意义

本文在对小秦岭金矿脉、围岩、石英中气液包裹体等采取27个氢氧同位素样品并进行测试分析的基础上,论述了该金矿的氢、氧同位素组成特征及其成因意义,认为该金矿的成矿溶液可能是以大气降水为主,同时有岩浆水和变质水参加的混合水。这为该金矿床应属与燕山期构造及岩活动有关的层控矿床这一成矿理论提供了同位素方面的依据。     

罗北凹地液体钾盐矿远景区“同源不同期”成矿模式分析

罗北凹地液体钾矿床位于新疆罗布泊地区北部,是一个大型的综合性盐类矿床。对矿区两处"成矿远景区"进行专门研究,从其与相邻地带的地层接触关系、水文地质和氢氧同位素条件分析,指出此区具备与罗北凹地相似的液体钾矿成矿条件,仅地层时代不同期,与矿体边界及周边湖岸阶地形成一种地垒模式,为指导在本地区或其它类似地区寻找新的不同时期、相同成矿条件的成矿带提出一种成矿模式。     

地电场数据分析方法在华北地区的应用

应用VAN法、波形分析法、潮汐谐波分析等对华北地区观测资料质量较好的地电场台进行研究,结果表明,华北地区地电场波形日变幅度范围为2.35—11.12 mV/km;VAN法在华北地区有一定的震例对应,如2003年5月22日河北唐山M_L 4.1、2006年7月4日河北文安M_L 5.1、2010年3月6日河北滦县M_L 4.7等地震前河北昌黎地震台都曾记录到地电场异常信号,存在震前地电场SES的场地效应;华北地区岩体裂隙优势方位α角一致性较差,波动范围约为20°。     

Regional moisture source changes inferred from late holocene stable isotope records

Qinghai Lake, China, is located near the northern limit of the East Asian summer monsoon （EASM） and thus is an ideal region for studies of past monsoonal changes. However, isotope records from this region reflect the combined effects of multiple climatic factors, and make climatic interpretations difficult. The authors use multi-proxy records, generated from the same sediment core from Qinghai Lake, to disentangle these multiple effects in isotope records and to infer EASM variability during the late Holocene. Records of leaf wax （C2s） δD, lake carbonate 5180 and the Dunde ice core δ18O all indicate a millennial-scale depletion of mean isotopic values at -1500-1250 years before present. Compared with independent lake temperature and salinity records, the authors suggest that this depletion of long-term mean isotopic values must have resulted from changes in moisture sources in this region. In contrast, the authors attribute high-frequency （centennial timescale） C2s δD and ice core δ18O variability dominantly to a temperature effect. The multiproxy records provide a coherent picture in that many aspects of this regional climate （temperature, dryness, and moisture source） are strongly linked to the EASM variability.     

Migration,filling history and geochemical characteristics of Ordovician natural gases in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

Ordovician natural gases in the Tahe Oilfield are composed predominantly of hydrocarbon gases dominated by methane with a significant amount of heavy hydrocarbon gas component. The non-hydrocarbon gases include N₂, CO₂ and minor H₂S. The Ordovician natural gases are believed to have originated from the same source rocks, and are composite of gases differing in thermal maturity. Carbon dioxide was derived from thermal metamorphism of Ordovician carbonate rocks. The generation of natural gases involves multiple stages from mature normal oil and condensate-associated gas to thermally cracked gas at the maturity to over-maturity stages. In the main part of the Tahe Oilfield, the Ordovician natural gases appear to be filled in two major phases with a typical petroleum-associated gas from southeast to northwest and from east to west in the early stage; and a thermally cracked gas from east to west in the late stage. At the same time, the oil/gas filling boundary has been primarily established between the two stages.     

Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotopes of Waters in the Ordos Basin,China: Implications for Recharge of Groundwater in the North of Cretaceous Groundwater Basin

Hundreds of precipitation samples collected from meteorological stations in the Ordos Basin from January 1988 to December 2005 were used to set up a local meteoric water line and to calculate weighted average isotopic compositions of modern precipitation.Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, with and gradually decrease in summer and fall,illustrating that the seasonal effect is considerable.They also show that the isotopic difference between south portion and north portion of the Ordos Basin are not obvious.and the isotope in the middle portion iS normally depleted.The isotope compositions of 32 samples collected from shallow groundwater(less than a depth of 150 m)in desert plateau range from for JD.Most of them are identical with modern precipitation.The isotope compositions of 22 middle and deep groundwaters(greater than a depth of 275 m)fall in ranges from-11.6‰to-8.8‰with an average of-10.2‰ for ￡18O and from-89‰ to-63‰ with an average of-76‰ for ￡D.The average values are significantly less than those of modern precipitation,illustrating that the middle and deep groundwaters were recharged at comparatively lower air temperatures.Primary analysis of 14C shows that the recharge of the middle and deep groundwaters started at late Pleistocene.The isotopes of 13 lake water samples collected from eight lakes define a local evaporation trend,with a relatively flat slope of 3.77,and show that the lake waters were mainly fed by modern precipitation and shallow groundwater.     

同位素方法在局部排泄源水文地质属性研究中的应用--以新疆准噶尔盆地北部顶山地区为例

本文在研究新疆准噶尔盆地北部地区天然水氢氧同位素水文地球化学特征的基础层上,探讨了同位素方法在顶山地区局部排泄源水文地质属性研究中的应用。氢氧同位素水文地球化学特征研究表明,盐池和二连洼地局部排泄源归属于老第三系含水层和受深大断裂控制的基底裂隙含水带共同排泄;黄花沟局部排泄源归属于老第三系含水层排泄;公安农场局部排泄源归属于老第三系含水层和第四系含水层的混合排泄。     

Antarctic Ice‐Core Water (USGS49) – A New Isotopic Reference Material for δ2H and δ18O Measurements of Water

As a result of the scarcity of isotopic reference waters for daily use, a new secondary isotopic reference material for international distribution has been prepared from ice‐core water from the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. This isotopic reference material, designated as USGS49, was filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a torch, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity and measured by dual‐inlet isotope‐ratio mass spectrometry. The δ²H and δ¹⁸O values of USGS49 are ?394.7 ± 0.4 and ?50.55 ± 0.04 mUr (where mUr = 0.001 = ‰), respectively, relative to VSMOW, on scales normalised such that the δ²H and δ¹⁸O values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, ?428 and ?55.5 mUr. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U = 2u_c) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95% probability of encompassing the true value. This isotopic reference material is intended as one of two isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis of water with an isotope‐ratio mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. It is available by the case of 144 glass ampoules or as a set of sixteen glass ampoules containing 5 ml of water in each ampoule.     

Genesis of the Ciemas Gold Deposit and Relationship with Epithermal Deposits in West Java, Indonesia: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and Stable Isotopes

The Ciemas gold deposit is located in West Java of Indonesia,which is a Cenozoic magmatism belt resulting from the Indo-Australian plate subducting under the Eurasian plate.Two different volcanic rock belts and associated epithermal deposits are distributed in West Java:the younger late Miocene-Pliocene magmatic belt generated the Pliocene-Pleistocene epithermal deposits,while the older late Eocene-early Miocene magmatic belt generated the Miocene epithermal deposits.To constrain the physico-chemical conditions and the origin of the ore fluid in Ciemas,a detailed study of ore petrography,fluid inclusions,laser Raman spectroscopy,oxygen-hydrogen isotopes for quartz was conducted.The results show that hydrothermal pyrite and quartz are widespread,hydrothermal alteration is well developed,and that leaching structures such as vuggy rocks and extension structures such as comb quartz are common.Fluid inclusions in quartz are mainly liquid-rich two phase inclusions,with fluid compositions in the NaCl-H20 fluid system,and contain no or little CO_2.Their homogenization temperatures cluster around 240℃-320℃,the salinities lie in the range of 14-17 wt.%NaCl equiv,and the calculated fluid densities are 0.65-1.00 g/cm~3.The values of δ~(18)O_(H2O-VSMOW)for quartz range from +5.5‰ to +7.7‰,the δD_(VSMOW) of fluid inclusions in quartz ranges from-70‰ to-115‰.All of these data indicate that mixing of magmatic fluid with meteoric water resulted in the formation of the Ciemas deposit.A comparison among gold deposits of West Java suggests that Miocene epithermal ore deposits in the southernmost part of West Java were more affected by magmatic fluids and exhibit a higher degree of sulfldation than those of Pliocene-Pleistocene.     

河南嵩县北部基岩山区地下水水化学特征和环境同位素特征分析

嵩县北部基岩山区位于熊耳山脉东段南部,地下水与地表水分布不均,为研究基岩山区地下水特征和补径排关系,指导缺水山区地下水找水工作,通过现场调查、地下水采样,测定不同水体中的水化学成分及环境同位素,分析其变化特征,判明地下水的补给来源及各含水层的相互联系。水化学和环境同位素研究结果表明,大气降水是研究区地下水的主要补给来源,人工开采是其主要的排泄方式;研究区基岩地下水化学特征较复杂,松散岩类孔隙水、浅(深)层半固结层裂隙孔隙水地下水以Ca~(2+)和HCO_3~–为主,属HCO_3-Ca型水;松散岩类孔隙水、浅层半固结层裂隙孔隙水含水层之间的水力联系较为密切,基岩裂隙水通过发育的导水构造断裂与现代水连接,均具有较好的开发利用价值,而深层半固结层裂隙孔隙水参与水循环的能力较弱,开采应持慎重态度。该研究成果为缺水山区地下水的合理开采利用提供了科学依据和数据支持。