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361.
In arid and semi-arid environments, desert vegetation plays an important role in preventing soil erosion by wind and helps maintain the stability of desert and oasis ecosystems. Four types of typical desert vegetation, namely Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria sibirica, and Halostachs caspica, corresponding to different habitats (i.e., river bank, sand dune, desert, and salt marsh) were chosen as the model vegetation in this research. The δ2H and δ18O for rainwater, soil water, and plant water were applied to identify the water sources and quantify the proportions of different water sources used over the entire plant growth period (from March to October). The results showed that the precipitation δ2H and δ18O in the Ebinur Lake basin varied from -142.5‰ to -0.6‰ and from -20.16‰ to 1.20‰, respectively. The largest δ2H and δ18O values occurred in summer and the smallest in winter. The soil water δ2H and δ18O of the four habitats decreased gradually with increasing depth. The δ2H and δ18O values of water extracted from the stems of the four plants had similar variation trends, that is, the maximum was observed in spring and the minimum in summer. Among the four plants, H. caspica had the highest stable isotopic values in the stem water, followed by N. sibirica, H. ammodendron, and P. euphratica. The water sources and utilization ratios of desert vegetation varied across different growth stages. Throughout the growing period, H. ammodendron mainly used groundwater, whereas the water source proportions used by N. sibirica varied greatly throughout the growing season. In spring, plants mainly relied on surface soil water, with a contribution rate of 80%-94%. However, in summer, the proportion of deep soil water used was 31%-36%; and in autumn, the proportion of middle soil water used was 33%-36%. H. caspica mainly relied on topsoil water in spring and autumn, and the proportion of soil water in the middle layer slightly increased to 20%-36% in summer. P. euphratica mainly used intermediate soil water in spring with a utilization rate of 53%-54%. In summer, groundwater was the main source, with a utilization rate of 72%-88%, and only 2%-5% came from river water, whereas in autumn, the river water utilization rate rose to 11%-21%. The results indicated that there were significant differences in water use sources during the growing period for desert vegetation in arid areas. This research provides a theoretical basis for understanding water use mechanisms, water adaptation strategies, and vegetation restoration and management in arid areas. 相似文献
362.
363.
树轮氢氧同位素方法在环境变迁研究中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
树轮氢氧同位素方法是过去环境气候变化研究领域内的主要技术手段之一,因其时间分辨率高,反映环境参数多,准确定量的优点,近年日益受到重视。 相似文献
364.
Morgenthaler Jeffrey P. Harris Walter M. Scherb Frank Doane Nathaniel E. Oliversen Ronald J. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2002,90(1-4):89-97
We present hydrogen Balmer-α spectra of comet C/1995 O1(Hale–Bopp) recorded on 5 nights from 1997 February 1 to April 19 by
ahigh-resolution (Δ v = 5 km s-1) Fabry–Pérot spectrometer for a4'.1 (∼2.7 × 105 km) FOV centered 5' sunwardof the nucleus. The Hα line profile is an important diagnostic ofphotolytic heating in cometary
atmospheres. Extraction of the spectrafrom the Fabry–Pérot ring images was complicated by obscuration of the telescope FOV
due to Hale–Bopp's low elevation, but the measuredH-α line widths of 11–13 km s-1 (FWHM) are insensitive to the spectral extraction technique. The line widths are consistent withestimates derived from a
successful model of Hale–Bopp's hydrogenLyman-α coma assuming the inner coma is opaque to Hα. Wediscuss methods for improving
the spectral extraction technique andderiving a precise instrument profile which will allow the detailedshape of the line
profile to constrain coma models. 相似文献
365.
本文在研究平凉地区大气降水、地表水和地下水的氢氧稳定同位素和氢的放射性同位素的基础上,重点讨论了大岔河隐伏岩溶水的水文地质条件。结果表明,大岔河隐伏岩溶水的补给局限在大岔河流域内,其径流条件良好,现代降水混入量平均为54%,具有潜在的开发利用价值。 相似文献
366.
As molecular weight controls the biological activities of polysaccharides, screening the optimal molecular weight of polysaccharides is important in drug research and application. In this study, hydrogen peroxide was employed as oxidant, and temperature, reaction time, and concentration of polysaccharides and hydrogen peroxide were examined for their effects on the preparation of polysaccharides in different molecular weights from Ulva pertusa. Our experiment suggested that the optimal degradation concentrations for polysaccharides and hydrogen peroxide were 2.5% (w/v) and 8.0% (v/v), respectively. The range of degradation measured by relative viscosity was mainly controlled by temperature and time. Results revealed that 35℃ was the optimal temperature for obtaining low-degradation samples, and 50℃ was the most favorable temperature to accelerate the reaction to yield highly-degraded samples. Four samples in different molecular weights A, B, C and D were finally prepared. The controllability was evaluated by the relative standard deviation (RSD) of relative viscosity, and the peak molecular weights and the polydispersity indexes (Mw/Mn) of molecular weights were measured by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). 相似文献
367.
利用在点正则变换下形状不变势的映射方法,给出了D维谐振子势与N维氢原子势的能级和径向波函数之间的关系。 相似文献
368.
369.
介绍了TMS320VC5402外挂程序存储器的在线编程技术,给出创建系统引导表的具体步骤并在此基础上重点讨论了16位并行引导装载方法,并在以DSP为核心的氢钟自动调谐系统中得以仿真实现。 相似文献
370.
P. W. J. L. Brand 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):125-138
The role of excited molecular hydrogen as a powerful observational tool is examined in the context of shock phenomena in molecular clouds, particularly in star forming regions. Conclusions that may be drawn from line intensities and line profiles, and the properties of J and C shocks in a bow shock structure are discussed. 相似文献