粘弹性介质中的地震波

给出了三元件的标准线性粘弹性固体在半平面内传播的地震波的解析解，它是由已知的弹性半平面内的解析解迭粘滞性解而得，从而克服了视地壳为二元件粘弹性体的Voigt模型或Maxell模型的缺点。     

“新编凯斯波动分析程序”的编制与应用

从提高动测桩的功能和精度,深入研究桩-土相互作用机理出发,作者开展了波动方程分析程序的编制和研究。作者采用了凯普威普(CAPWAP C)程序中的一些基本假设和基本模型,而在一些模型和方法上作了某些改进,在此基础上提出了“新编凯斯波动分析程序”。该程序可以解决一般凯斯法(Case method)不能解决的问题:变断面桩;桩身沿长度方向上材料不同的桩;桩身较长的桩(25m 以上)。可以提供较为深入的更全面的数据:单桩总静阻力;桩侧静摩阻力;桩端端承力;各土层的摩阻力,…,等。本文叙述了“新编凯斯波动分析程序”的编制目的,基本原理与模型,计算步骤。并提供了在某工程实例中的应用情况。     

Determining short-term changes in the hydraulic properties of a sandy-loam soil by a three-run infiltration experiment

ABSTRACT

Soil structure-dependent parameters can vary rapidly as a consequence of perturbing events such as intense rainfall. Investigating their short-term changes is therefore essential to understand the general behaviour of a porous medium. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the effects of wetting, perturbation and recovery processes through different sequences of Beerkan infiltration experiments performed on a sandy-loam soil. Two different three-run infiltration experiments (LHL and LLL) were carried out by pouring water at low (L, non-perturbing) and high (H, perturbing) heights above the soil surface and at short time intervals (hours, days). The results demonstrate that the proposed method allows one to capture short-term variations in soil structure-dependent parameters. The developed methodology is expected to simplify the parameterization of hydrological models with temporally variable soil hydraulic properties.     

非结构网格上的三维浅水流动数值模型

针对当前复杂环境水流模拟的需求,建立了新型的基于特征型高分辨率数值算法的三维非结构网格浅水动力模型。模型采用有限体积法离散sigma坐标下的三维浅水方程,运用Roe黎曼近似解评估水平界面通量。模型网格拟合边界能力强,可根据需要局部加密;格式数值性能优良,具有守恒性、单调迎风性、高数值分辨率等特性。同时,应用干湿判别法处理动边界,以适应浅滩地形漫/露过程模拟的需要。封闭水池内部风生环流、干河床上溃坝过程和长江口实际潮流场的模拟从不同侧面展示了模型的特点,结果表明它能够准确地预测水流的三维流动结构,而且计算简单高效,具有良好的数值稳定性。     

提高水平定向钻进用钻杆制造质量和应用水平的探讨

对水平定向钻进（HDD）用钻杆的工作状况及主要失效形式进行了分析，对整体锻造钻杆和摩擦焊焊接钻杆进行了比较，对提高HDD钻杆质量的方法进行了探讨，并对使用中应注意的问题提出了一些建议。     

预应力管桩在汕头地区施工中几个问题的探讨

通过对汕头地区预应力管桩历年来的施工实例资料分析，根据汕头地区工程地质条件的特点和实践经验，对预应力管桩的设计、施工提出几点探讨性意见。     

关于桩基软弱下卧层验算的几点认识

对于国内外不同的规范、手册中对于桩基软弱下卧层验算的不同方法进行了分析。提出以下的一些建议:承台底面以上的原地基土自重在附加应力计算时可以扣除,在总应力计算时再加上;扣除的群桩实体基础四周的摩阻力应使用群桩四周地基土的摩阻力特征值,而不是极限值;对于地下室中的独立柱的桩基础和内墙的条形桩基础,应当从地下室地面而不是原地面起算进行验算。     

Non-Darcian groundwater flow in leaky aquifers

Abstract

A simplified method has been developed for solving leaky aquifer non-Darcian flow hydraulics. The principle of volumetric approach is combined with the confined-aquifer, time-dependent drawdown equation in an observation well. The groundwater flow in the leaky aquifer is assumed to obey a non-Darcian flow law of exponential type. The results are obtained in the form of type-curve expressions from which the necessary bundles of curves are drawn for a set of selective non-Darcian flow aquifer parameters. Although application of the methodology appears as rather limited but it provides a scientific contribution and extension of leaky aquifer theory towards nonlinear flow conditions. The methodology developed herein is applied to some actual field data from the eastern sedimentary basin in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.     

天文光学望远镜轴系驱动方式发展概述

该文首先介绍了已投入使用的2.5米口径以上的25架地平式光学望远镜和11架赤道式光学望远镜轴系驱动方式,并概述了天文光学望远镜轴系驱动及其相关技术的发展过程;然后对目前国际上在研的6架大型光学望远镜和预研的10架极大光学望远镜轴系所采用的驱动形式进行了归类;最后分析了未来极大光学望远镜轴系驱动的发展趋势和与之相关的研究内容.     

Experimental study of extreme shear stress for shallow flow under simulated rainfall

The raindrop impact and overland flow are two major factors causing soil detachment and particle transportation. In this study, the turbulent characteristics of the shallow rain‐impacted water flow were investigated using a 2‐D fibre‐optic laser Doppler velocimetry (FLDV) and an artificial rainfall simulator. The fluctuating turbulent shear stress was computed using digital data processing techniques. The experimental data showed that the Reynolds shear stress follows a probability distribution with heavy tails. The tail probability increases with an increase of rainfall intensity or raindrop diameter, and it decreases with an increase of Reynolds number. A modified empirical equation was derived using both the raindrop diameter and rainfall intensity as independent variables to provide a better prediction of the Darcy‐Weisbach friction coefficient f under rainfall conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.