自然类比法对张北──尚义6.2级地震序列类型和震后趋势早期判断实例

用自然类比法对1998年1月10日张北─尚义6．2级地震序列类型和震后趋势进行了早期判断,找出了与之最相似的四个序列是1976年9月23日巴音木仁6．2级地震（S17）、1996年5月3日包头6．4级地震（558）、1985年4月18日禄劝6．3级地震（S34）和1984年5月21日南黄海6．0级地震（S33）。由此判断张北地震序列为主震余震型,推算最大余震震级应在4．3～4．7之间,一个月内4级以上余震数可能在11～22次之间。实测结果张北地震最大余震震级4．6,一个月内4级以上余震数18次,均在预测范围内。     

Relocation of shallow earthquakes in southern Alaska using Joint Hypocenter Determination method

A subset of 2660 shallow earthquakes (0–50 km) that occurred from 1988 to 1996 in south central Alaska between 155°W and 145°W and 59°N and 63°N was relocated using the joint hypocenter determination (JHD) method. Both P- and S-wave observations recorded by the regional seismic network were used. Events were relocated in twenty different groups based on their geographic location and depth using two velocity models. As a result of the relocation, the majority of the hypocenters shifted downward, while the epicenter locations did not change significantly. The distribution of the shallow subduction zone earthquakes indicates the existence of two seismically independent blocks, with one block occupying the northeastern part and the other occupying the central and western parts of the study area. The boundary between the blocks is marked by a 15 to 20 km wide seismicity gap to the southeast of 149.5°W and 62°N. The analysis of the fault plane solutions for shallow subduction zone earthquakes shows that an overwhelming majority of the solutions represent normal, oblique-normal or strike-slip faulting with predominant WNW-ESE orientation of T-axes. This indicates a down-dip extensional regime for the subducting slab at shallow depths. Very few earthquakes yielded fault plane solutions consistent with thrusting on a contact zone between the overriding and subducting plates. This result may be an indication that currently either the strain energy is not released at the contact zone or it is associated with aseismic motion.     

地史重大转折期的环境变化学术讨论会综述

概述了地史重大转折期的环境变化学术讨论会４个方面的主要科学内容：古生代与中生代之交的全球环境变化,泥贫纪弗拉期与法门期之交的全球环境变化,元古宙与显生宙之交扔全球环境变化和地史重大转折期环境变化的研究方法。围绕上述内容,评述了发言人和专题发言人的主要科学资料和科学思想以及本次会议形成的共识。     

新疆阿图什市近场区地震构造评价

在新疆阿图什市近场 2 5km范围内鉴别出全新世活断裂 1条 ,全新世活褶皱 5个。托特拱拜孜—阿尔帕雷克断裂在全新世时期曾有两次显示断错活动 ,累积铅直断距 170 cm,最新断错活动的 TL时间在 ( 8.6± 0 .0 3) Ka BP以内。该断裂历史上曾发生过 190 2年 8月 2 3日阿图什 8.2 5级地震 ,近期又发生了 1996年 3月 19日阿图什 6.9级地震 ,是一条地震断裂构造。由托特拱拜孜—阿尔帕雷克断裂与塔什皮萨克—阔诺勒果背斜褶皱构成的地震构造带所形成的潜在震源区距阿图什市工程场地以北 13km,其发生最大潜在地震的能力按 8.5级考虑 ,由全新世活褶皱构成的喀什—阿图什地震构造带所形成的潜在震源区的震级上限按 6.0级考虑     

Remarkable response amplification of building frames due to resonance with the surface ground

Seismic response of a building structure is influenced greatly by soil-structure interaction. This fact has been demonstrated in the past earthquakes. It is shown that tuning of the natural period of a building structure with that of a surface ground causes remarkable response amplification of the building structure. Introduction of an overall system as a building-pile-soil system is inevitable to investigate such a tuning effect. It is demonstrated to be essential to define a design earthquake at a bedrock level in order to guarantee the structural safety of building structures under seismic disturbances. Comparison of the response due to input of double the upward-propagating wave (an outcropping motion) into the bedrock without any viscous boundary with that due to input of an within motion into the bedrock without any viscous boundary is also shown in order to investigate the effect of input motions on the response of the superstructure.     

Damage distribution during the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake relative to generalized categories of surficial geology

The spatial distributions of severely damaged buildings (red-tagged) and of breaks in the water distribution system following the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake (M_L = 6·4) are investigated relative to the local characteristics of surficial geology. The pipe breaks are used as an indicator of nonlinear soil response, and the red-tagged buildings as indicator of severe shaking. The surficial geology is described by several generalized categories based on age, textural character and thickness of the near surface layer. Two regions are studied: the San Fernando Valley and Los Angeles-Santa Monica. The analysis shows that there is no simple correlation between damage patterns and surficial geology. Single family wood-frame buildings were damaged less when built on fine silt and clay (0–3 m thick) from the late Holocene.     

The evolution characteristics of positive and negative earthquakes before strong quakes in Kanto area and the Hyugo earthquake in Japan

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The relationship between the earthquakes of Ningbo area and the Neotectonic movement

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Dynamic pattern characteristics of fault deformation and gravity field in the development process of Yongdeng M S =5.8 earth quake

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Three dimensional large scale earthquake simulator with six degrees of freedom

Conclusions When the aseismic test of large scale structure is performed, it is a major performance that the actual response waveform is identical to the input signal waveform under the condition of analog control, especially when the damping of the structure tested is small. The rotational motions of the simulator are induced due to the structure inertia, so that it is a key technique for the simulator design that realizes independent control of the simulator with six degrees of freedom and suppresses the rotational motions. In the design, the modern control techniques are applied and a high performance of the three dimensional earthquake simulator is developed successfully. The simulator can simulate actual earthquake load and it is an important test device for aseismic research. This paper is a main project of the Eighth Five Plan, State Seismological Bureau.