Sedimentary processes operating around the entrance to a river mouth port,Westport, New Zealand

The paper presents investigations of wave climate, tidal inlet hydraulics, and sand sediment bypassing at the entrance to Westport Harbour, South Island, New Zealand. The results complement and extend those of studies of bar morphologies and sediment characteristics already published. Longshore transport of about 1 × 10⁶ m³/year is directed in a net eastward fashion across the inlet because of an in‐built misalignment of the harbour training walls. Approximately 90% of the drift is bypassed, and has been since 1921, by deflection and splitting of the main sediment streams through the inner and outer bars and a transverse channel aoross the entrance. The outer bar appears to be the submarine, downdrift extension of Carters Breach and river load appears to contribute an order of magnitude less sediment to the complex than annual littoral drift. River sediments and littoral drift are mixed off the harbour and a declining proportion over time is recirculated to cause progradation of North Beach. The tidal compartment contributes little to scour of the entrance because of the predominance of bar bypassing. Contrary to the recommendations of several past studies, it is argued that improvements in navigation depths at West‐port are more likely to be obtained through modification of the littoral drift system than they are from tidal compartment enlargement.     

钢筋混凝土框架角节点抗剪强度试验研究

通过对6个钢筋混凝土框架梁柱角节点在低周反复荷载作用下的试验,调查了高强度节点箍筋、双向加载等对节点强度的影响。试验结果证明,节点强度试验值为规范设计值的85%左右,设计式应导入强度降低系数。高强度箍筋对节点强度提高影响很小,在节点强度设计时可忽略不计。双向加载的节点强度只有单向加载时的80%,节点抗震设计时角节点应作为所有边节点中最不利情况考虑。楼板虽然可以提高梁的强度及刚度,但对角节点强度及最大荷载后的节点延性有不利影响。     

Intra‐event scale bar–bank interactions and their role in channel widening

Channel bars and banks strongly affect the morphology of both braided and meandering rivers. Accordingly, bar formation and bank erosion processes have been greatly explored. There is, however, a lack of investigations addressing the interactions between bed and bank morphodynamics, especially over short timescales. One major implication of this gap is that the processes leading to the repeated accretion of mid‐channel bars and associated widenings remain unsolved. In a restored section of the Drau River, a gravel‐bed river in Austria, mid‐channel bars have developed in a widening channel. During mean flow conditions, the bars divert the flow towards the banks. One channel section exhibited both an actively retreating bank and an expanding mid‐channel bar, and was selected to investigate the morphodynamic processes involved in bar accretion and channel widening at the intra‐event timescale. We repeatedly surveyed riverbed and riverbank topography, monitored riverbank hydrology and mounted a time‐lapse camera for continuous observation of riverbank erosion processes during four flow events. The mid‐channel bar was shown to accrete when it was submerged during flood events, which at the subsequent flow diversion during lower discharges narrowed the branch along the bank and increased the water surface elevation upstream from the riffle, which constituted the inlet into the branch. These changes of bed topography accelerated the flow along the bank and triggered bank failures up to 20 days after the flood events. Four analysed flow events exhibited a total bar expansion from initially 126 m² to 295 m², while bank retreat was 6 m at the apex of the branch. The results revealed the forcing role of bar accretion in channel widening and highlighted the importance of intra‐event scale bed morphodynamics for bank erosion, which were summarized in a conceptual model of the observed bar–bank interactions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多阶段水解-好氧工艺处理淀粉废水的研究

采用多阶段水解 -好氧串联工艺处理高浓度玉米淀粉废水。试验结果表明 :①废水经多阶段水解 -好氧工艺的水解段H1后 ,废水的 ρ(BOD5) /ρ(CODCr)从 0 .90提高到 0 .95 ;废水经水解段H2 后 ,废水的 ρ(BOD5) /ρ(CODCr)从 0 .81提高到 0 .97,说明水解段具有提高废水可生化性的功能。②在总水力停留时间 (HRT)为 6 0h、进水pH为 5 .9～ 6 .0 8和进水 ρ(CODCr)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(NH+ 4)平均分别为 82 0 5mg/L、7395mg/L、16 0 .0mg/L的情况下 ,CODCr、BOD5和NH+ 4去除率分别达97.7%、99.1%和 88.1% ,出水水质达到或接近国家污水排放二级标准 (GB8978- 96 )。③各处理单元对CODCr、NH+ 4去除效果各不相同。     

基于Reinforcing Steel本构的高强钢筋混凝土柱纤维模型研究

为了研究HTRB630E级高强钢筋的基本力学参数和疲劳性能,本文进行了应变等幅低周疲劳性能试验,并将试验结果与HRB400级钢筋的结果进行了对比分析.首先,基于应变等幅低周疲劳试验数据点,对OpenSees程序中Reinforcing Steel材料本构的疲劳参数Cf、Cd和 α进行拟合,然后采用拟合的Reinforc...