聚合物驱油层电阻率测井响应变化特征研究(英文)

油层注入聚合物溶液后,电阻率测井响应发生与水驱不同的变化特征,严重影响水淹层测井评价的效果。本文首先分析了聚合物溶液的导电性质,其次按照聚合物驱油层不同施工流程开展岩电实验研究,分析不同驱替阶段的岩石电阻率的变化特征。并对比分析聚合物驱与水驱油层电阻率测井响应的差异。结果表明,不同聚合物驱替饱含油岩心过程,岩心电阻率随饱和度变化呈现"w"型或"S"型和单调下降的形态;清水聚合物驱油层电阻率测井响应呈现弱、未水淹的特征;污水聚合物驱油层电阻率测井响应呈现与污水水驱相似的变化特征。     

Seismic response of a cut‐and‐cover tunnel isolated by polymer material

An effective method for the seismic retrofitting of the sidewalls of cut‐and‐cover tunnels has not yet been established. Thus, a new method of seismic retrofitting for cut‐and‐cover tunnels, called the ‘polymer isolation method’, is developed here. In this method, thin walls made of polymer materials, called ‘isolation walls’, are inserted between the ground and the sidewalls of a tunnel. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in reducing the seismic response of tunnels by using some numerical simulations. It is found that the proposed method depends on the thickness of the soil cover over the tunnel and the ratio of the stiffness between the soil and the structure. Furthermore, a simple chart is proposed for convenience to represent the applicability of the polymer isolation method to the design of seismic retrofits for cut‐and‐cover tunnels. Although this particular chart has been obtained through a limited case, some other typical cases in which the chart can also be implemented for special conditions are addressed, and the applicability and the limitations of this chart are suggested for possible conditions of the ground and of tunnel structures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

HPAM和疏水缔合聚合物溶液在孤东七区油藏中适应性评价

为了解决孤东七区油藏聚合物溶液流变性与注入性的矛盾,筛选适宜非均质强、储层结构疏松等油藏条件的聚合物,在不同长度岩心中开展聚合物溶液渗流实验.在同一岩心上分段测压,建立聚合物溶液注入性评价方法,对HPAM和疏水缔合聚合物的注入性进行评价;在不同长度岩心出口端取采出液,研究该聚合物溶液在近井和油藏深部阻力因数、残余阻力因数以及黏度分布特性.结果表明:注入HJ的压力梯度上升率为16.37MPa.m-1.PV-1,压力梯度稳定值为5.68MPa.m-1,压力梯度上升率和压力梯度稳定值小于相同质量浓度的DH5和B4的值;从提高波及效率的能力和聚合物溶液的流变性来看,疏水缔合聚合物DH5在油藏深部的阻力因数、残余阻力因数和黏度保留率分别为283.86、39.4和0.713,阻力因数、残余阻力因数远大于相同质量浓度的B4和HJ的值;综合注入性和流变性分布评价可知,1.8g.L-1的HJ好于相同质量浓度的DH5和B4的.     

Removal and Recovery of Molybdenum from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Surfactant‐Modified Coir Pith,a Lignocellulosic Polymer

Coconut coir pith, a lignocellulosic polymer, is an unwanted by‐product of the coir fiber industry. The pith was used as a biosorbent for the removal of Molybdenum(VI) after modification with a cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. The optimum pH for maximum adsorption of Mo(VI) was found to be 3.0. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin Radushkevich isotherms were used to model the adsorption equilibrium data and the system was seen to follow all three isotherms. The Langmuir adsorption capacity of the biosorbent was found to be 57.5 mg g^–1. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption generally obeyed a second‐order kinetic model. Desorption studies showed that the recovery of Mo(VI) from the spent adsorbent was feasible. The effect of foreign anions on the adsorption of Mo(VI) was also examined.     

钾铵基聚磺钻井液体系在大牛地气田水平井钻井中的应用

大牛地气田水平井钻井中,由于A点前井眼尺寸较大,二叠系石千峰至下石盒子组泥岩普遍存在易水化膨胀、剥落、掉块、垮塌现象,处理复杂情况导致钻井周期长。经过2口水平井的钻井实践,摸索出了适合A点前的钾铵基聚磺钻井液体系,减少了井下复杂情况,提高了钻井效率,缩短了A点前的钻井周期,从而提高了该工区钻进水平井的综合效益。     

新疆昌吉庙煤1井钻探施工技术

新疆昌吉市庙尔沟一带煤层气资源调查评价项目地质调查井工程,设计井深2500 m,要求全井取心。存在地层取心困难、漏失、缩径、冬季施工困难等问题。通过采取特种取心工具、加大钻头外径加大环状间隙、冬季施工使用油汀加热等工艺技术措施以及针对性的施工组织管理措施,有效地解决了钻井技术难题和后勤供应问题。为该区域煤层气资源调查评价提供了有力的实物资料。     

三元复合驱采出污水回注渗透率的影响因素分析

基于大庆油田三元复合驱采出污水回注对地层存在的损害现象,研究了污水回注渗透率的影响因素。采用室内水驱实验方法,对三元复合驱采出污水中悬浮物、油、碱、聚合物等因素进行了分析,阐述了各种成分对渗透率的影响机理。结果表明,悬浮物颗粒会堵塞孔隙喉道,油产生的"贾敏效应"将增大油水流动阻力,碱与岩石及黏土矿物间的物理化学作用会使地层结垢,聚合物在岩芯中的吸附和滞留共同造成地层渗透率的下降。因此,建议将三元复合驱采出污水中悬浮物、油、碱、聚合物等处理合格后再进行回注,以减轻对地层的损害。     

FRP复合锚固技术试验研究

经外粘纤维增强聚合物（FRP）片材进行抗弯加固的钢筋混凝土梁,除发生正截面破坏外,经常会出现早期的剥离破坏,导致纤维的抗拉强度不能有效利用甚至使加固失效。本文提出一种新型的用于阻止剥离破坏发生的FRP复合锚固技术。该技术改良了机械锚固系统,通过钢片和螺杆实现了对纤维片材的锚固。通过11根抗弯加固梁的试验,主要研究了FRP复合锚固技术的有效性以及其对FRP应变分布和界面剪应力分布的影响。研究结果表明,该技术可以有效防止早期剥离破坏的发生,显著提高FRP片材的强度利用率,明显增强FRP片材与钢筋混凝土构件之间的界面粘结强度,具有良好的工程应用前景。     

冀东油田高浅北地区交联聚合物调驱适应性评价

冀东油田G104-5区块浅层油藏储层胶结疏松,边底水活跃,随着采液速度的提高,边水沿高渗透带突进,油井含水上升速度快,油藏的复杂性给调剖调驱工艺带来一定难度。针对冀东油田地质和开发情况,通过深入分析、研究,在大量室内物模的基础上筛选研制了一种适合冀东油田浅层油藏调驱的交联聚合物体系并应用到现场,取得了良好的降水增油效果,两年来累计增油4.4×104t,有效地控制了该区块边水推进速度,改善了开发效果,为冀东油田夺油上产提供了技术保障,同时为其它浅层油藏区块提高原油采收率提供技术方法和参考依据。     

粉煤灰-伊利石/PAA-AM高吸水复合材料的吸液性与释钾性能研究

粉煤灰疏松多孔,具有一定的吸水能力,对土壤有很好的改良作用;伊利石属层状粘土矿物,具有吸水性,含钾较高,可以提高土壤肥效。采用溶液聚合法首次合成了粉煤灰-伊利石/PAA-AM高吸水复合材料,其吸蒸馏水、自来水、生理盐水倍率分别为1695、445、106倍,吸液性能达到和超过了国家"863"项目技术指标和国家农业部的要求。此吸水材料成本低,有利于改良土壤与改善土壤的缺钾状况。同时,还通过谱学分析(原子吸收、X衍射和红外光谱),较深入地研究了该复合材料的释钾机理。