全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1811篇 |
免费 | 348篇 |
国内免费 | 206篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 49篇 |
大气科学 | 23篇 |
地球物理 | 511篇 |
地质学 | 1189篇 |
海洋学 | 150篇 |
天文学 | 20篇 |
综合类 | 79篇 |
自然地理 | 344篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 46篇 |
2021年 | 77篇 |
2020年 | 71篇 |
2019年 | 79篇 |
2018年 | 75篇 |
2017年 | 74篇 |
2016年 | 77篇 |
2015年 | 97篇 |
2014年 | 90篇 |
2013年 | 96篇 |
2012年 | 104篇 |
2011年 | 114篇 |
2010年 | 94篇 |
2009年 | 99篇 |
2008年 | 105篇 |
2007年 | 91篇 |
2006年 | 90篇 |
2005年 | 90篇 |
2004年 | 89篇 |
2003年 | 67篇 |
2002年 | 71篇 |
2001年 | 75篇 |
2000年 | 76篇 |
1999年 | 74篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 40篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 36篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2365条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
63.
岩层移动动态过程的离散单元法分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采动覆岩动态发展过程受地质、采矿条件诸多因素的影响,是一个十分复杂的时空过程。通过离散单元法数值模拟,揭示了综放开采条件下采场上覆岩层动态发展规律,特别是覆岩离层缝隙的分布规律、发展形态、空间位置以及与地质采矿条件的关系,揭示了工作面推进过程中,采场上覆岩层中重新分布的应力大小、方向及其发展变化规律,该应力的存在和变化规律是确定井下开采方法、支护方式的依据。 相似文献
64.
Roberto Torra 《中国地球化学学报》2004,23(3):220-237
Littoral siliciclastic shallow marine horizontal conformable beds (a heterolithic succession), Middle to Late Miocene, outcropping
in northeastern Argentina (Ituzaingó Formation) and overlying transitional conformable horizontal regolithic mantle-rock bed
derived from them (the Pampean and Post-Pampean Formations), were geochemically analyzed. The focus of this study is placed
on the application of geochemical parameter and signature analyses related with the aforementioned geological units, which
are of subcontinental extension into South America. The encountered results show an outstandingly similar geochemical behaviour
between them. The main conclusion is that regolithic mantle-rock beds were derived from the littoral shallow marine mudstone
(silty-argillaceous) beds. This is in oposition to previous aeolian processes proposed early in the 50’s and later. These
mudstone beds constitute important sections of the littoral shallow marine sequence beds (outcropping HST parasequence). Such
regolitization proposed for the Pampean and Post-Pampean Formations predominantly developed in-situ during the Late Pleistocene
and Holocene. The main erosional and mobilized agents were the surface free water (pluvial, fluvial and laminar water sheets)
and vadose water. So, the wind flows and/or the immense air flow hurricanes are of insignificant sedimentological influence.
Otherwise, there is not a proved appropiate sandy-silty reservoir for a reasonable support of the “aeolian hypothesis”, as
well as clear aeolian structures settled in the regolithic mantle-rock bed. In spite of these lines of equality textural-structural
evidence, the geochemical values for both major elements and trace elements, demonstrate that the Miocene heterolithic marine
succession was the mother rock of the overlying regolithic mantle-rock bed, which was formed as an in-situ mantle-rock bed. 相似文献
65.
Beds comprising debrite sandwiched within co-genetic turbidite: origin and widespread occurrence in distal depositional environments 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Co‐genetic debrite–turbidite beds occur in a variety of modern and ancient turbidite systems. Their basic character is distinctive. An ungraded muddy sandstone interval is encased within mud‐poor graded sandstone, siltstone and mudstone. The muddy sandstone interval preserves evidence of en masse deposition and is thus termed a debrite. The mud‐poor sandstone, siltstone and mudstone show features indicating progressive layer‐by‐layer deposition and are thus called a turbidite. Palaeocurrent indicators, ubiquitous stratigraphic association and the position of hemipelagic intervals demonstrate that debrite and enclosing turbidite originate in the same event. Detailed field observations are presented for co‐genetic debrite–turbidite beds in three widespread sequences of variable age: the Miocene Marnoso Arenacea Formation in the Italian Apennines; the Silurian Aberystwyth Grits in Wales; and Quaternary deposits of the Agadir Basin, offshore Morocco. Deposition of these sequences occurred in similar unchannellized basin‐plain settings. Co‐genetic debrite–turbidite beds were deposited from longitudinally segregated flow events, comprising both debris flow and forerunning turbidity current. It is most likely that the debris flow was generated by relatively shallow (few tens of centimetres) erosion of mud‐rich sea‐floor sediment. Changes in the settling behaviour of sand grains from a muddy fluid as flows decelerated may also have contributed to debrite deposition. The association with distal settings results from the ubiquitous presence of muddy deposits in such locations, which may be eroded and disaggregated to form a cohesive debris flow. Debrite intervals may be extensive (> 26 × 10 km in the Marnoso Arenacea Formation) and are not restricted to basin margins. Such long debris flow run‐out on low‐gradient sea floor (< 0·1°) may simply be due to low yield strength (? 50 Pa) of the debris–water mixture. This study emphasizes that multiple flow types, and transformations between flow types, can occur within the distal parts of submarine flow events. 相似文献
66.
67.
The rock glacier Innere Ölgrube, located in a small side valley of the Kauner Valley (Ötztal Alps, Austria), consists of two separate, tongue-shaped rock glaciers lying next to each other. Investigations indicate that both rock glaciers contain a core of massive ice. During winter, the temperature at the base of the snow cover (BTS) is significantly lower at the active rock glacier than on permafrost-free ground adjacent to the rock glacier. Discharge is characterized by strong seasonal and diurnal variations, and is strongly controlled by the local weather conditions. Water temperature of the rock glacier springs remains constantly low, mostly below 1°C during the whole melt season. The morphology of the rock glaciers and the presence of meltwater lakes in their rooting zones as well as the high surface flow velocities of >1 m/yr point to a glacial origin. The northern rock glacier, which is bounded by lateral moraines, evolved from the debris-covered tongue of a small glacier of the Little Ice Age with its last highstand around A.D. 1850. Due to the global warming in the following decades, the upper parts of the steep and debris-free ice glacier melted, whereas the debris-covered glacier tongue transformed into an active rock glacier. Due to this evolution and due to the downslope movement, the northern rock glacier, although still active, at present is cut off from its ice and debris supply. The southern rock glacier has developed approximately during the same period from a debris-covered cirque glacier at the foot of the Wannetspitze massif. 相似文献
68.
LIU Shiyin WANG Ninglian DUAN Keqin XIAO Cunde DING Yongjian HAN Haidong 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(4):401-410
1IntroductionIn the early 1960s, glaciers in western China were classified into maritime- and continental-types by different glacial environment and physical characteristics (Shi and Xie, 1964). With extensive glaciological investigations in the western regions (Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology of CAS, 1988), Lai and Huang (1990) suggested a new classification of temperate, subpolar and quasipolar glaciers, corresponding to the maritime-, subcontinental- and extremely contin… 相似文献
69.
Glacier inventory compilation during the past 20 years and modifications of that for the Eastern Pamir and Banggong Lake indicate that there are 46,342 modern glaciers with a total area and volume of 59415 km2 and 5601 km3 respectively in China. These glaciers can be classified into maritime and continental (including sub-continental and extremely continental) types. Researches show that glaciers in China have been retreating since the Little Ice Age and the mass wastage was accelerated during the past 30 to 40 years. Being an important part of glaciological studies in China, ice core climatic and environmental studies on Tibetan Plateau and in the Antarctica have provided abundant, high resolution information about past climatic and environmental evolution over the Tibetan Plateau and Antarctica. Except for different parameters recorded in ice cores relating to climate and environment changes on Tibetan Plateau, records from ice cores extracted from different glaciers show that the discrepancies in climatic and environmental changes on the north and south parts of the plateau may be the consequence of different influencing effects from terrestrial and solar sources. Glaciological and meteorological phenomena imply that Lambert Glacier valley is an important boundary of climate in the east Antarctica, which is thought to be connected with cyclonic activities and Circum-polar Waves over the Antarctica. 相似文献
70.
Molly Pohl 《The Professional geographer》2004,56(3):422-431
Dams are a major source of fragmentation and degradation of rivers. Although substantial research has been conducted on the environmental impacts of large structures in the United States, smaller dams have received less attention. This study evaluated the impact of two dams of moderate size, the Elwha Dams, on the downstream channel system using field data collection at river cross‐sections. The relationship of average boundary shear stress (τo) to critical shear stress (τcr) served as the basis for determining channel bed material mobility under the two‐year and ten‐year flood events. The channel had the greatest channel bed mobility at the natural cross‐section upstream from the dams, low bed mobility between the structures, and an increase in channel bed mobility in the low gradient river segment near the mouth of the river. Low bed mobility tended to be associated with a lack of channel system complexity, including reduction or loss of bars and low alluvial terraces and their associated young riparian communities. Although these run‐of‐the‐river dams do not modify streamflow greatly, the loss of sediment from the channel system has had a substantial impact on bed mobility and geomorphic and biotic complexity of the Elwha River. 相似文献