山东菏泽地区地热田地质特征

菏泽地热田内蕴藏着丰富的地热资源,地质构造条件、热储地质条件都比较有利,是开发地热资源的有利地段。区域地质构造主要为聊考断裂和曹县断裂,热储层分2大类呈双层结构,上部为新近系孔隙-裂隙热储,下部为奥陶系碳酸盐岩裂隙岩溶热储。该区地下热水是50年前形成的,水中氟、偏硅酸达到矿水命名浓度,为氟水、硅水;锶已接近锶水;偏硼酸已接近矿水浓度,还含有F^-,H2SiO3,HBO2,Li等多种对人体有益的矿物元素,可作为采暖,洗浴等用水。     

四川松潘卡卡沟出露温泉及其遥感地质特征分析

通过遥感图像的数字处理和地质解译,初步确定了研究区内主要的线性构造及其相互关系。结合构造地质、水文、泉水化学元素分析等资料,综合分析了该地区出露温泉的地质特征和地热资源潜力。遥感地质解译和综合研究表明,四川松潘卡卡沟一带隐伏构造复杂,且十分发育。这为详细勘探各种地质资源,尤其地热资源提供了重要的信息,并对今后勘探起到一定的指导作用。     

北京北部地区深层热水开发对浅层冷水的影响

北京北部有小汤山和沙河2个地热田,呈三角形展布,东部边界为黄庄-高丽营断裂,西部边界为南口-孙河断裂．北部边界为阿苏卫-小汤山断裂。热储层为蓟县系雾迷山组、铁岭组和寒武系-奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶裂隙含水层．热储盖层为青白口系页岩、石炭系-二叠系砂页岩和侏罗系火山岩隔水层。该区雨水、浅层基岩冷水和深层基岩热水的H、O同位素组成基本上都落在克雷格降水线上,表明区内冷水与热水均来源于大气降水。热水的^3H值表现出北高南低的特点．说明热水与冷水一样自北向南流动。重点分析了深层热水开采对浅层地震观测井中冷水动态的影响,以及这种影响在不同的水文地质条件、离开采井不同距离和不同测项方面表现出的差异。结果表明,北京北部深层热水开采对浅层冷水动态的影响距离约为5km．对位于导水断裂带附近的观测井的影响最为明显。     

基于稀疏钻孔点的地层建模及可视化

提出了一种利用距离加权与小波插值相结合,插值引入虚拟钻孔点的建模方法,采用广义三棱柱作为基本建模体元,实现了基于稀疏钻孔点的三维地层模型的建立.     

井中声波CT技术系统及其应用

叙述了井中声波CT技术系统的测量方式、数据采集和数据预处理以及CT正反演的基本方法, 列举了在工程勘察和油气田开发中的应用实例,显示出井中声波CT成果为查明目标体的位置和圈定目标体的形态是有效的。同时也显示了井中声波CT技术作为一种精细勘查手段,具有开发潜力和应用前景。     

Investigation of Curie Point Depth in Sulu Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Belt,Eastern China

The Curie point depth of continental crust can reflect the regional tectonic pattern and geothermal structures. Analysis of magnetism is an efficient way to obtain the Curie point depth on a regional scale. This study systematically investigated the Curie point depth of Sulu (苏鲁) ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt (33°40'N to 36°20'N and 118°E to 120°E, ca. 60 000 km2), eastern China using aeromagnetic data. The results show that the Curie point depth of the Sniu region varies from 18.5 to 27 kin. The shallowest Curie point depth (ca. 18.5 km) is located in Subei (苏北) subsidence, where the estimated temperature gradient value is about 31.35℃/kin, which is comparable with the measured value of 30℃/krn. In addition, a two-dimensional numerical solution of the heat conduction was used to calculate the temperature field to a depth of 30 km along the profile from Tancheng (郯城) to Lianshui (涟水) with a length of 139 km. The steady state model solved using the finite element method shows that the temperature around the Curie point depth is about 585.36℃, which is close to the Curie temperature (580 ℃) of magnetite at atmospheric pressure. These results provide new insights into the tectonic and continuous thermal structures of the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt.     

THE USE OF BOREHOLE VIDEO IN INVESTIGATING THE HYDROLOGY OF A TEMPERATE GLACIER

A GeoVision Micro™ colour video camera was used to investigate the internal structure of 11 boreholes at Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland. The boreholes were distributed across a half-section of the glacier, with closest spacing towards the glacier margin. The boreholes were used to investigate the hydrology of the glacier through automatic monitoring of borehole water level and electrical conductivity (EC) at the glacier bed. EC profiling was undertaken in several boreholes to determine the existence of water quality stratification. Temporal variations in EC stratification were used to infer borehole water sources and patterns of water circulation. Borehole video was used to confirm the conclusions made from these indirect sources of evidence, and to provide an independent source of information on the structure and hydrology of this temperate valley glacier. The video showed variations in water turbidity, englacial channels and voids, conditions at the glacier bed and down-borehole changes in ice structure. Based on the video observations, englacial channels accounted for approximately 0·1% of the vertical ice thickness, and englacial voids for approximately 0·4%. Overall, the video images provided useful qualitative and semi-quantitative data that reinforce interpretations of a range of physical and chemical parameters measured in boreholes. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

Performance of the steady-state dipole flow test in layered aquifers

Steady-state numerical simulations of the dipole flow test in layered aquifers demonstrate that the test produces a good estimate of the equivalent hydraulic conductivity anisotropy ratio for the part of the aquifer spanned by the well chambers. The effects of chamber size, different conductivity of layers and layer location on the estimated anisotropy ratios are presented. The steady-state dipole flow test, when performed at different levels in the well, can yield estimates of the down-hole anisotropy ratio distribution. Numerical simulations also illustrate that the skin effect can significantly distort the anisotropy estimates produced by the dipole flow test. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

电法在地下热水勘探中的应用

为进一步开发和利用热水镇的地热资源,运用物探联合剖面法,结合区域地质和构造特征,分析、推断地下热水形成和运移的水文地质条件;推测出隐伏的断裂带;证实张性断裂对地下热水的控制作用;查明该区第四系中视电阻率<40 Ω·m的地层为含热水砂砾石层,圈定联剖曲线低阻带中视电阻率<100 Ω·m的范围为断裂构造脉状地下热水的中心部位。     

Hydrochemistry and H-O-C-S Isotopic Geochemistry Characteristics of Geothermal Water in Nyemo-Nagqu, Tibet

Nyemo-Nagqu, Tibet, is rich in high-temperature geothermal resources. The geothermal fields in Yangbajain and Yangyi as well as 11 unexplored geothermal fields along the geothermal belt from Nyemo to Nagqu were systematically investigated and the hydrochemistry data were collected from the whole field. Meanwhile, H-O-C-S isotope data were obtained for the new fields, and H-O isotope data for the Yangbajain and Yangyi fields. A comparison of the Nyemo-Nagqu geothermal fields with those in the Yangbajain area shows that the types of high-temperature geothermal water are dominated by Cl-Na and Cl·HCO_3-Na, while the types of medium-high-temperature geothermal water are dominated by HCO_3-Na. The concentrations of Li, F, SiO_2, and HBO_2 in the geothermal water are positively correlated with Cl content, indicating possible mixing with magma water. The reservoir temperatures range from 90 to 270°C by geothermometers. Slight drifting of ~(18)O was recorded at the Dongweng and Nyingzhong high-temperature geothermal fields, while more significant drifting was recorded at Gulu. The geothermal water is mainly replenished by atmospheric precipitation. The low tritium contents(1 TU) of the geothermal water from Nyingzhong, Gulu, and Luoma indicate that it is mainly replenished by sub-modern(prior to 1952) water, while the high tritium content(8.4 TU) in Yuela implies modern water replenishment. Other geothermal fields are replenished by a mix of sub-modern fresher water. The isotopic data in this study show that the carbon and sulfur in the geothermal water originates mainly from sediment leaching, with some of the carbon and sulfur having a deep origin.