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921.
利用2018年庐山重力短基线场绝对重力和相对重力观测资料,基于绝对重力控制下的相对重力联测方式对庐山基线场的稳定性进行了分析。结果表明:庐山基线场2015~2018年测段重力变化为-11.6~13.4μGal、均值-0.962μGal,较小的重力变化表明庐山短基线重力场较稳定;2000~2018年测段重力变化为-39~33.5μGal、均值-0.275μGal,总体以G16测点为界呈分化特征,上山侧(G16~JZ04)重力变化较平缓(约-3 μGal),下山侧(G03~G16)因G04、G14测点重力值变化显著(分别为-24.95、-18.5μGal),导致相邻测段重力变化剧烈;测段重力变化与段差比值(B)为1.19×10-4~3.58×10-3;庐山及其周边地区由地表垂直运动引起的重力变化速率为0.7543±0.16μGal/a;近期研究区地震活动性呈震级小、沿断裂带集中分布特征;重力变化对相对重力仪一次项系数标定结果影响较大(正比于B值),对校正精度影响小,利用以往重力观测成果进行一次项系数标定时,绝对重力测段JZ02~JZ04误差影响小于最大重力段差测段,定期维护和复测是保障高精度重力短基线场的有效途径。 相似文献
922.
923.
Hui Li Luanxiao Zhao De-hua Han Jinghuai Gao Hemin Yuan Yirong Wang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2020,68(9):2808-2824
Investigating seismic dispersion and attenuation characteristics of loosely compacted marine sandstone is essential in reconciling different geophysical measurements (surface seismic, well logging and ultrasonic) for better characterization of a shallow marine sandstone reservoir. We have experimented with a typical high-porosity and high-permeability sandstone sample, extracted from the Paleogene marine depositional setting in the Gulf of Mexico, at the low-frequency band (2–500 Hz) as well as ultrasonic point (106 Hz), to investigate the effects of varying saturation levels on a rock's elasticity. The results suggest that the Young's modulus of the measured sample with adsorbed moisture at laboratory conditions (room temperature, 60%–90% humidity) exhibits dispersive behaviours. The extensional attenuation can be as high as 0.038, and the peak frequency occurs around 60 Hz. The extensional attenuation due to moisture adsorption can be dramatically mitigated with the increase of confining pressure. For partial saturation status, extensional attenuation increases as increasing water saturation by 79% with respect to the measured frequencies. Additionally, the results show that extensional attenuation at the fully water-saturated situation is even smaller than that at adsorbed moisture conditions. The Gassmann–Wood model can overall capture the P-wave velocity-saturation trend of measured data at seismic frequencies, demonstrating that the partially saturated unconsolidated sandstone at the measured seismic frequency range is prone to be in the relaxed status. Nevertheless, the ultrasonic velocities are significantly higher than the Gassmann–Wood predictions, suggesting that the rocks are in the unrelaxed status at the ultrasonic frequency range. The poroelastic modelling results based on the patchy saturation model also indicate that the characteristic frequency of the partially saturated sample is likely beyond the measured seismic frequency range. 相似文献
924.
In this paper, a method for measuring the color of Quaternary sediments based on digital image analysis is proposed, which has the advantages of simple and quick operation, and improving the research efficiency of sediment color. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method, the measurement results are compared with the traditional colorimetric measurement methods. The results show that:1) Both the traditional sediment color measurement method and the digital image color measurement method are controlled by sediment grain size. Sediment color research can be carried out on fine sand or finer sediments, but for medium grained sand and coarse sand, the error will be larger. Compared with the traditional measurement methods, digital image method can reduce the inherited color interference of coarse clastic sediments; 2) The particle size and water content of clastic sediments affect the numerical value of digital image sediment color. Generally, the wet-color values obtained by the digital image method are lower than the dry-color values obtained by using a spectrophotometer, and the color value variation is large, and the undulation of chromaticity/brightness curve is greater; 3) Compared with the traditional sediment color measurement method, digital image method has good consistency of color measurement of redness and yellowness, but the brightness is affected by uneven illumination, resulting in some error. Sediment digital image extraction of sediment color information can replace the indoor measurement method to a certain extent, and can be used to establish a more complete sediment color sequence under more complex sedimentary environment, so as to provide information for the Quaternary stratigraphic division, paleoclimate research, paleosol recognition and paleoearthquake event identification, thus expanding the application of colorimetric results to the geological direction. 相似文献
925.
926.
Elastic properties of an unconsolidated sand are largely dependent on the elastic properties of its constituent grain and the micro-structure that defines how the grains are arranged within themselves. Coordination number, that is the average number of contacts a grain has with its neighbours, and contact surface area are the two parameters closely related to the microstructure. Moreover, grain shapes and sorting also have substantial influence on these parameters. To calculate these parameters and find any potential relationships with the shape factors, we acquire high-resolution micro computed tomography images of four mechanically compacted unconsolidated dry sand samples that are of different shape factors and sorting indices. After a comprehensive voxel-based data processing, we calculate shape factors such as sphericity and roundness of each grain in all samples. Using own algorithm, we then calculate the coordination number and contact surface area. Results show that samples of well-sorted and higher spherical and rounded grains have higher coordination number and contact surface area than the samples of poorly sorted and lower spherical and rounded grains. Among the poorly sorted samples, coordination number is largely dependent on the fraction of larger grain sizes present in the sample. Inside any given sample, grains of lower sphericity tend to have higher coordination numbers. Moreover, more spherical and rounded grains have greater contact surface area with their neighbours. 相似文献
927.
928.
THE COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH OF RECENT GRAVITY AND CRUSTAL DEFORMATION IN NORTHEASTERN EDGE OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU 下载免费PDF全文
ZHU Yi-qing LIANG Wei-feng HAO Ming ZHAO Ling-qiang HAO Qing-hua ZHANG Guo-qing LIU Lian 《地震地质》2017,39(4):768-780
In this study, we systematically analyzed the relationship between regional gravity changes, 3D crustal deformation, regional tectonic environment and strong earthquakes based on the relative gravity measurements(2011-2014), GPS data and the background vertical deformation from the leveling measurements conducted from 1970 to 2011. Subsequently, we further characterized the temporal-spatial patterns and discussed the mechanism of regional gravity changes and the crustal deformation. The results can be summarized as follows:1)The regional gravity changes, the GPS-derived horizontal deformation and the vertical deformational obtained from leveling data showed a close spatial relationship:The gravity increased along with the direction of horizontal movement, and the gravity decreased with the crustal uplift and vice versa, which reflects the inherited characteristics of neotectonic activities. 2)The crustal deformation was closely related to the active faults. The contour lines of gravity changes and vertical deformation were generally along with the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault(the strike is NWW), and the crustal horizontal deformation showed left-lateral strike slip motion near the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault. 3)The strong earthquakes usually occur in the active faults where intensive gravity change and vertical and/or horizontal deformation occurred. The extrusion deformation, surface compression rate and gravity changes were obvious near the epicenter of 2016 Menyuan earthquake. The 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian MS6.6 earthquake occurred in the direction-turning area of intense gravity gradient zone and the transitional area of surface compression and vertical deformation. The first author of this paper has made a medium-term forecast before the Minxian and Menyuan earthquakes, especially the location of the earthquake. Based on the above understandings, we emphasized that:there are still possibilities of strong or huge earthquakes within medium-long term in the areas of crustal deformation anomalies in the study region. 相似文献
929.
钻孔应变观测是地壳岩石应变相对测量的主要方法,对其附加应力场的研究,可以有效分析岩石压应力向探头的传递过程,可对应变仪有关力学参数的设计和观测数据的物理解释提供帮助。考虑到外加应力在岩石、水泥和仪器钢筒等3层介质中传递的实际情况,根据弹性力学中的厚壁圆筒方程,推导轴对称应力作用下岩石压应力的传递系数公式,分析影响机制,并给出有关变化规律曲线和定量指标。 相似文献
930.
以1995—2016年川滇地区实测水准资料为例,分别采用动态经典平差、拟稳平差、伪逆平差和GPS速率约束平差4种平差方法进行平差计算,分析探讨4种平差方法在水准网平差处理时的适用条件及优缺点;最后分析了1995—2016年川滇地区的地壳垂直形变特征。结果表明:①在条件具备的情况下,GPS速率约束平差优于动态经典平差、拟稳平差和伪逆平差,主要体现在GPS速率可知、平差后速率误差明显减小,且能有效地抑制误差的传播与积累;而拟稳平差、伪逆平差虽优于动态经典平差,但同样存在着基准假定的问题;②1995—2016年川滇地区整体处于差异隆升阶段,只有四川盆地、滇西北和滇南少部分区域下沉,跨断裂剖面结果显示几条断裂带以继承性运动为主。 相似文献