Gap size effect on the tribological characteristics of the roller for deep-sea mining robot

To design the deep-sea mining robot, it is essential to analyze the tribological characteristics of its roller. In this study, we introduced the dynamic simulation model to analyze the tribological characteristics of the roller for deep-sea mining robot, considering the temperature, viscosity, viscous damping force, and gap size between the inner and outer rib seals. Effective viscosity changes with gap size in micro/nanoscale while the effective viscosity is equal to the kinematic viscosity in macroscale. For the stable operation of the roller, the effective viscosity must be less than the critical viscosity. As the gap size decreases, the effective viscosity increases while the critical viscosity decreases. This study shows that the gap size between the inner and outer rib seals of roller is the most dominant factor in designing the roller for deep-sea mining robot to use at relatively low temperatures that are found in the deep-sea environments.     

On poundings of a seismically isolated building with adjacent structures during strong earthquakes

This paper presents selected indicative results from an extensive parametric investigation that has been performed in order to assess the effects of potential earthquake‐induced poundings on the overall dynamic response of seismically isolated buildings. In particular, a seismically isolated building and its adjacent fixed‐supported buildings are subjected to various earthquake excitations that induce structural impact among the buildings in series. The results indicate that the seismically isolated building may hit against the adjacent buildings at the upper floor levels before the occurrence of any pounding at the isolation level with the surrounding moat wall. The severity of the impact depends on the dynamic properties of the adjacent buildings, in combination with the earthquake characteristics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

具有动力学含义的强震动态图像预测方法研究

地震空区方法是利用地震活动图像预报地震效果较好的方法,然而单纯通过空区预报地震具有一定的局限性和不确定性。建立具有动力学含义的动态图像预测方法,把空区的形成和演化放在板块运动和构造特征的基础上考虑。通过对华东和华南地区26次5级以上地震的震例分析,给出主震发生与空区、活动断裂位置以及空区与活动断裂位置和走向的关系,并从两个区域的构造差异上给出空区形成和演化规律差异的动力学解释,从而为使用空区预测地震提供物理基础,减少了不确定性。     

Characteristics of seismic activity before several large Sumatra, Indonesia, earthquakes

Two great earthquakes of MS8.5 and MS8.3 determined by the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC) occurred successively on September 12 and 13, 2007 in the sea area to the south of Sumatra, which is another group of large earthquakes after MS8.7 event on December 26, 2004 and MS8.5 event on March 29, 2005. The     

Rapid report of June 1, 2022 MW 5.9 Lushan earthquake,China with geodetic and teleseismic data

Timely response to earthquake characterization can facilitate earthquake emergency rescue and further scientific investigations. On June 1, 2022, M_W 5.9 earthquake occurred in the southern area of the Longmenshan fault zone. This event also happened at the south end of the Dayi seismic gap and is the largest earthquake that has occurred in this seismic gap since the 1970 M 6.2 event. The slip-distribution model constrained by the seismic waveforms suggests a thrust-dominated faulting mechanism. The main slip occurs at a depth of ～14 ?km, and the cumulative energy is released in the first 6 ?s. The variations of Coulomb stress caused by the mainshock show a positive change in the southwest area of the Dayi seismic gap, indicating possible activation of future earthquakes. In addition, we emphasize the importance of rapid estimation of deformation for near-field hazard delineation, especially when interferometric radar fails to image coseismic deformation in a high relief terrain.     

基于能值分析的江苏省耕地生态足迹区域差异

以江苏省耕地生态足迹为研究对象,在考虑不同地区的土地利用效率的基础上,把太阳辐射、降水量、土壤 肥力、土地利用效率、耕地面积等作为构成承载力的实质因素,计算了江苏省不同地区的耕地生态承载力。研究结 果表明：就人均耕地生态承载力而言,苏北地区普遍大于苏中和苏南地区,盐城市、淮安市和宿迁市最大,无锡市、 南京市和苏州市最小。就人均耕地生态足迹而言,苏南地区普遍小于苏北和苏中地区,盐城市、南通市和淮安市最 大,而无锡市、苏州市和常州市最小。江苏省13 个地市的生态差额指数都小于0.5,即耕地都处于不可持续性状态, 其区域差异是：南北两端好于中部,南端的苏州市、无锡市最好;而江苏中部,又是中间好于东西两侧,东侧的南通 市、盐城市最差。     

鱼眼影像技术反演植被冠层结构参数的研究进展

快速、可靠、精确的评估植被冠层结构参数在大气一植被相互作用的研究中起着举足轻重的作用。从冠层结构参数的反演原理、冠层间隙度的提取、冠层结构的反演模型和丛生指数3个方面论述了冠层结构参数即叶面积指数（LAI,leaf area index）和叶倾角分布（LAD,leaf angle distribution）的反演方法,并从鱼眼像片的采集、分析和模型的假设等方面分析影响冠层结构参数反演精度的原因,指出未来鱼眼影像技术虽然是LAI和LAD间接测量的理想手段,但是受观测环境、相机光学特性和冠层本身的影响,反演结果需要通过验证来消除不确定因素。     

植被生态动力学模式中萌衍方案的研究进展

萌衍模块是植被生态动力学模式中群体动力学方案的重要组成部分,主要用于描述种子的生产、萌芽以及最终发展成新个体等一系列过程,对植被群落结构和演替起着至关重要的作用。然而,目前其参数化方案较不成熟,不同模式的方案差异较大,且存在众多不确定性。因此,为了提出更加合理的萌衍方案,作者首先从观测角度总结了影响种子生产和传播、种子库以及种子萌发和幼苗存活的各种因素;然后围绕森林林窗模型和全球植被动力学模式的萌衍方案进行较为全面的介绍和评述,重点关注对幼苗个体数增量的计算方案;最后讨论其中存在的不确定性和今后的发展方向。     

一个罕见的铀钨矿化带的成矿特征

一个以铀钨为主的铀钨锡多金属矿化带，沿某复式花岗岩体东侧接触带分布，有５０多个矿床和矿点，其矿床（化）类型有岩浆型、伟晶岩型、夕卡岩型、高中低温热液型等，组成一个完整的花岗岩成矿系列。其中低温热液铀钨矿床是一个矿床新类型，具有独特的地质地球化学特征，工业意义也较大。     

基于DCT-PLS算法的MODIS LST缺值填补方法研究

受云层、传感器误差等因素影响,中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）获取的地表温度产品（LST）在时间和空间上存在大量缺失数据,严重影响了基于时间序列数据的分析与应用。本文引进一种基于离散余弦变换与惩罚最小二乘的多维数据快速平滑方法（DCT-PLS）,利用数据集自身的时间和空间信息填补缺值。本文在粤港澳大湾区开展实证研究,将DCT-PLS算法用于填补该地区2001年1月—2017年12月的月值MODIS LST数据缺值,并引入人工模拟缺值对算法进行误差分析与精度验证。算法误差分析结果表明,填补误差主要来源于三维算法对数据集中有偏LST时间信息的使用,并因此产生显著高估或低估的填补结果。基于此,本文提出了利用MODIS LST数据集自身时间序列信息自动计算获取有效辅助LST信息的优化策略,从而实现填补算法计算效率和精度的提升：平均计算时间从12.0 s提高至1.7 s,平均R从0.94提高至0.97,平均RMSE从1.94 K提高至0.74 K（相较于三维算法）。在大湾区的填补结果表明（日间结果：R=0.98、RMSE=0.79 K;夜间结果：R=0.99、RMSE=0.56 K）,优化后的DCT-PLS算法可以快速鲁棒地填补MODIS LST月值数据产品中的缺值,并且具有稳定性强、不依赖外部数据集的计算特性,能够适应长时间序列MODIS LST缺值填补。