Automatic Identification of Storm Cells Using Doppler Radars

Three storm automatic identification algorithms for Doppler radar are discussed.The WSR-88D Build 7.0(B7SI)tests the intensity and continuity of the objective echoes by multiple-prescribed thresholds to build 3D storms,and when storms are merging,splitting,or clustered closely,the detection errors become larger.The B9SI algorithm is part of the Build 9.0 Radar Products Generator of the WSR-88D system. It uses multiple thresholds of reflectivity,newly designs the techniques of cell nucleus extraction and close- storms processing,and therefore is capable of identifying embedded cells in multi-cellular storms.The strong area components at a long distance are saved as 2D storms.However,the B9SI cannot give information on the convection strength of storm,because texture and gradient of refiectivity are not calculated and radial velocity data are not used.To overcome this limitation,the CSI(Convective Storm Identification)algorithm is designed in this paper.By using the fuzzy logic technique,and under the condition that the levels of the seven refiectivity thresholds of B9SI are lowered,the CSI processes the radar base data and the output of B9SI to obtain the convection index of storm.Finally,the CSI is verified with the case of a supercell occurring in Guangzhou on 11 August 2004.The computational and analysis results show that the two rises of convection index matched well with a merging growth and strong convergent growth of the supercell,and the index was 0.744 when the supercell was the strongest,and then decreased.Correspondingly,the height of the maximum reflectivity,detected by the radar also reduced,and heavy rain also occurred in a large-scale area.     

对应用模糊数学方法评判地形图质量的探讨

探讨了应用模糊数学理论评定地形图质量的方法,提出了在地形图质量评定中将所有影响地形图质量因素作为一个整体加以量化综合评定的模式,并给出了算例。     

Delineation and classification of rural–urban fringe using geospatial technique and onboard DMSP–Operational Linescan System

This study aims to analyse the processes and patterns of peri-urbanization using diurnal earth observation data-sets from onboard DMSP–Operational Linescan System. In this study, multiple correlation, simple and conditional linear regression are used to find out the degree of relationship and spatial behavioural pattern of the factors responsible for the urbanization. All the factors are standardized using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) coupled fuzzy membership functions. AHP is used to derive the weighting of the factors to produce the urbanity index. In total three functional zones – urban, rural and urban shadow are generated based on factor standardization and spatial contiguity index. Urban fringe is sharing ≥ 60% of Urbanity Index followed by rural fringe (39.50–60% of urbanity index) and urban shadow <39.50% of urbanity index. Shape index indicates that the city is going through unplanned development following cross to star shape growth.     

基于模糊重心综合评判的GIS数据产品质量评价研究

数据质量的好坏,直接影响着GIS应用分析结果的可靠性及应用目标的实现;而缺少数据质量衡量指标的GIS产品和其他产品一样,将无法得到用户的信任。因此,本文针对GIS数据产品的质量评价问题,基于模糊推理为主的重心综合评判法思想,提出应用模糊重心综合评判法对GIS数据产品的质量进行评价。同时结合实例与模糊评判法进行比较,证明模糊重心综合评判法评判的结果更为合理、可靠,认为其在GIS数据产品的质量评价方面是一种较为科学的方法。     

基于移动通信网的弹着点定位报告系统原理与仿真

当前弹道导弹打击行动缺乏实时高效的自动化、透明化弹着点位置信息报告系统和毁伤效果分析系统,为此本文探索一条依靠商用移动通信设施提供位置信息的新路。文中介绍了基于移动通信网络的测距和定位方法,给出了仿真程序及计算结果,提出了解决方案。     

基于AHP的模糊综合评价模型在地下水脆弱性评价中的应用研究

地下水脆弱性是污染物由地表到达地下水系统某一特定位置的趋向性和可能性。研究地下水脆弱性是为了更好地管理和开发利用地下水提供一个强而有力的依据。由于地下水脆弱性的界线是模糊的。且因不同的地区和不同的地质条件的差异,脆弱性的影响因素的权重也会随之变化。现采用基于AHP(层次分析)的模糊综合评判模型能使评价结果更加客观且符合实际,且能较好地解决定量和定性相结合的问题。现采用基于AHP(层次分析)的模糊综合评判模型对海口市地下水源地进行脆弱性评价,经过海口市地下水源地脆弱性的计算,证明了基于AHP的模糊综合评价模型用于地下水脆弱性评价是可行的,且能使评价结果更加客观和符合实际。     

Identification and removal of non-meteorological echoes in dual-polarization radar data based on a fuzzy logic algorithm

A major issue in radar quantitative precipitation estimation is the contamination of radar echoes by non-meteorological targets such as ground clutter, chaff, clear air echoes etc. In this study, a fuzzy logic algorithm for the identification of non-meteorological echoes is developed using optimized membership functions and weights for the dual-polarization radar located at Mount Sobaek. For selected precipitation and non-meteorological events, the characteristics of the precipitation and non-meteorological echo are derived by the probability density functions of five fuzzy parameters as functions of reflectivity values. The membership functions and weights are then determined by these density functions. Finally, the non-meteorological echoes are identified by combining the membership functions and weights. The performance is qualitatively evaluated by long-term rain accumulation. The detection accuracy of the fuzzy logic algorithm is calculated using the probability of detection (POD), false alarm rate (FAR), and clutter-signal ratio (CSR). In addition, the issues in using filtered dual-polarization data are alleviated.     

双线偏振多普勒雷达对一次降雹超级单体发展减弱阶段的演变分析

2015年4月28日,在高空冷涡的天气背景下,一个伴有较长生命史中气旋的超级单体在上海南汇双线偏振多普勒雷达观测范围内经历了发展减弱阶段,并产生了冰雹、雷雨大风、短时强降水等灾害性天气。利用常规天气观测、南汇双线偏振多普勒雷达、双雷达反演风场等资料分析发现,超级单体在发展成熟阶段呈现出回波悬垂、低层入流缺口、中气旋以及三体散射等经典特征,以及表示雷暴处于发展加强阶段的差分反射率因子柱。差分反射率因子柱通常意味着雷暴中上升气流的加强,同时说明大量的水滴可以被强上升气流托举到0℃层以上,形成过冷水滴,从而有利于冰雹的形成。超级单体经过的区域0～6 km垂直风切变达到了22～26 m·s~(-1),强垂直风切变环境有利于水平涡度发展,南汇雷达观测范围内中气旋维持了100 min左右,有利于雷暴的发展维持。此外,基于模糊逻辑法对此次降雹强对流天气过程开展了相态识别,结果表明,模糊逻辑法对此次强对流天气过程中的冰雹、降水等不同性质的降水能够进行有效的识别,有助于对雷暴降水相态本质的认识。     

高速铁路采空区地基“活化”分级方法及工程应用

随着我国高速铁路的快速发展,一些关键线路难免会穿越采空区场地,因此对于高速铁路选线等系列问题,采空区地基“活化”分级需要率先解决。以太焦高速铁路 DK259+135.95−DK259+710.00 线路段的下伏采空区为例,运用层次分析法和模糊数学的基本原理建立了高速铁路采空区地基“活化”分级评判模型。首先确定了影响高速铁路采空区地基“活化”分级的5个大因素、19个因子,在此基础上提出了高速铁路采空区地基“活化”分级因素影响度的划分标准,并组合各因素影响度,提出了相对应的高速铁路采空区地基“活化”分级标准;采用层次分析法确定了影响因素及评价因子的权重,并通过德菲尔法、模糊统计和隶属函数相结合得出了评价因子的隶属度;同时初步分析了高速铁路采空区地基“活化”分级的典型特征;最后运用模糊综合评价法对该段采空区地基进行了“活化”分级,并确定了该段采空区地基为“必活化”。该模型的分级结论符合现场的实际工况,并为后期该段采空区地基采用注浆法治理提供了理论依据。该段采空区地基注浆治理后,又对其进行了二次“活化”分级,确定了注浆治理后的高速铁路采空区地基为“不活化”,这为太焦高速铁路安全运营提供了一种科学、合理的新论证。     

牟汶河下游汛期分期及洪水分级的确定

为实现对牟汶河下游蓄水建筑物进行汛期动态控制,依据流域范家镇站、北望站和大汶口站3个雨量站1980~2011年日降雨资料,采用模糊分析方法,对牟汶河下游汛期进行了分期;以北望站同时期的历年最大洪峰流量资料,利用重现期法确定了洪水分级流量。