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471.
不同加腋宽度下钢筋混凝土偏心节点的抗裂性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过五榀钢筋混凝土梁柱偏心节点试件在低周反复荷载下的试验研究,探讨了不同梁端水平加腋宽度对节点核芯区抗裂性能的影响,提出偏心节点抗裂度计算的建议公式。 相似文献
472.
473.
Norikazu Matsuoka 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2005,30(1):41-58
This paper describes up to ten years of continuous monitoring of frost heave, creep and associated parameters on high mountain crest slopes in the Japanese and Swiss Alps, aiming to evaluate spatial and interannual variations in the rates and controls of soil movement. Shallow frost creep re?ecting diurnal frost heave activity dominates the crest slopes that lack a vegetation mat and have a thin debris mantle with good drainage. Seasonal frost heave activity can induce slightly deeper movement where ?ne soil exists below the depth reached by diurnal freeze–thaw penetration, although the shallow bedrock impedes movements below 20 cm depth. As a result, downslope velocity pro?les display strong concavity with surface velocities of 2–50 cm a?1. The frost creep rates vary spatially, depending on the soil texture, slope gradient, frequency of temperature cycling across 0 °C and moisture availability during freeze–thaw periods. Soil movements recur in every freeze–thaw period, although with some interannual variations affected by the length of seasonal snow cover and the occurrence of precipitation during freeze–thaw periods. The Swiss Alps encounter more signi?cant interannual variations than the Japanese Alps, re?ecting the large variability of the annual snow regime. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
474.
线法监测作为一种监测基桩应变的新技术,正逐渐在全球范围内推广。笔者介绍了其原理,并结合工程实例阐明了线法监测的特点、可靠性和先进性。 相似文献
475.
智能大厦接地电阻检测中应注意的问题 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
根据目前常用接地电阻检测仪器的测量原理,对在日常检测中所出现导致接地电阻检测数据失真的情况进行了分析和探讨,同时针对不同的成因,提出了不同的解决方法。 相似文献
476.
Aquatic macrophytes can severely retard flow rates in the river channels that they occupy. Consequently, there is a need to improve our ability to model vegetation resistance, to aid flood prediction and allow for better-informed channel management. An empirical model is developed to calculate flow resistance (Manning’s resistance coefficient) of channels containing the submergent macrophyte Ranunculus (water-crowfoot). Blockage factors (the proportion of a cross-section blocked by vegetation) were determined for up to nine cross-sections at each of 35 river sites. These were used to create blockage-factor percentiles, which were regressed against vegetation resistance. An exponential best-fit relation involving the 69th blockage-factor percentile gave the best results. A parameter relating the length of the vegetated/solid boundary in contact with the open channel to the length of the conventionally-defined wetted perimeter improved the model fit by acting as a pseudo-measure of the turbulent-energy losses generated within the unvegetated stream by the macrophytes. The model was tested on three additional sites containing different macrophyte species and much higher vegetation blockages, and was found to work well. 相似文献
477.
Norio Hori Norio Inoue Dangol Purushotam Tetsuya Nishida Jun Kobayashi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2006,35(13):1699-1719
To improve the seismic performance of masonry structures, confined masonry that improves the seismic resistance of masonry structures by the confining effect of surrounding bond beams and tie columns is constructed. This study investigated the earthquake resisting behaviour of confined masonry structures that are being studied and constructed in China. The structural system consists of unreinforced block masonry walls with surrounding reinforced concrete bond beams and tie columns. The characteristics of the structure include: (1) damage to blocks is reduced and brittle failure is avoided by the comparatively lower strength of the joint mortar than that of the blocks, (2) the masonry walls and surrounding reinforced concrete bond beams and tie columns are securely jointed by the shear keys of the tie columns. In this study, wall specimens made of concrete blocks were tested under a cyclic lateral load and simulated by a rigid body spring model that models non‐linear behaviour by rigid bodies and boundary springs. The results of studies outline the resisting mechanism, indicating that a rigid body spring model is considered appropriate for analysing this type of structure. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
478.
不同初始饱水状态红砂岩冻融损伤差异性研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
借助于红砂岩冻融循环CT扫描试验,从扫描层面内不同的感兴趣区域内CT均值数大小及其变化以及CT图像,对4种典型的不同初始饱水状态红砂岩进行冻融循环条件下损伤扩展差异性研究。研究结果表明,对于初始损伤相同的岩石,初始饱水状态将决定冻融循环对其损伤扩展的影响程度。 相似文献
479.
480.
C. Huntingford E. M. Blyth N. Wood F. E. Hewer A. Grant 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1998,86(3):487-504
The effect of orography on the spatial variability of surface evaporation is studied numerically for two hill heights and two prescribed forms of surface resistance. A numerical model of the planetary boundary layer carrying scalars of temperature and specific humidity, and with a surface energy balance scheme, is employed. It is found that the difference in mean evaporation between model runs with hills and analogous runs for flat terrain may be explained primarily by an increase in surface area and adiabatic cooling at the hill surface. 相似文献