Seismic design factors for RC special moment resisting frames in Dubai, UAE

This study investigates the seismic design factors for three reinforced concrete (RC) framed buildings with 4, 16 and 32-stories in Dubai, UAE utilizing nonlinear analysis. The buildings are designed according to the response spectrum procedure defined in the 2009 International Building Code (IBC’09). Two ensembles of ground motion records with 10% and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (10/50 and 2/50, respectively) are used. The nonlinear dynamic responses to the earthquake records are computed using IDARC-2D. Key seismic design parameters are evaluated; namely, response modification factor (R), deflection amplification factor (Cd), system overstrength factor (Ωo), and response modification factor for ductility (Rd) in addition to inelastic interstory drift. The evaluated seismic design factors are found to significantly depend on the considered ground motion (10/50 versus 2/50). Consequently, resolution to the controversy of Dubai seismicity is urged. The seismic design factors for the 2/50 records show an increase over their counterparts for the 10/50 records in the range of 200%-400%, except for the Ωo factor, which shows a mere 30% increase. Based on the observed trends, period-dependent R and Cd factors are recommended if consistent collapse probability (or collapse prevention performance) in moment frames with varying heights is to be expected.     

不同岩溶储水结构分析与地球物理勘察

岩溶区储水结构是寻找地下水最为有利的靶区。在可溶岩与非可溶边界呈串珠状发育的岩溶泉、漏斗等,常指示地下岩溶强烈发育,接触界面的可溶岩为找水的有利部位。在背斜轴部,由于来自侧翼的挤压作用,灰岩、白云岩等硬脆性岩石易形成张性裂隙密集带,成为地下水的有利赋存部位。断裂、构造裂隙密集带使地下水互为沟通,成为良好的储水载体。在这...     

Determination of discharge coefficients for a cross-flooding duct

Cross-flooding ducts are used to equalize asymmetric flooding and, thus, to decrease the heel angle of a ship in an emergency. The present design guidelines for cross-flooding arrangements involve uncertainties associated with the effect of variable structural factors. In this study, scale model experiments were carried out to determine discharge coefficients of a typical cross-duct, with a focus on the effect of structural components such as the girders, stiffeners, and web frame. Flow conditions and configuration of the components were varied in the experiments. The structural stiffeners in the cross-duct were found to notably increase the discharge coefficient whereas the effects of the web frame and the inclination of the duct at an angle of 7° were negligible. The experimentally obtained discharge coefficient values for the cross-duct were considerably lower than the corresponding values computed according to the generally used guidelines of the IMO Resolution MSC.245(83). This indicates that the geometrical properties of the girders in the cross-ducts need to be properly addressed to avoid overestimating the discharge coefficients. Overall, the experimental results formed an indispensable dataset for the validation and further development of CFD approaches.     

On the long-term response of marine structures

This paper addresses some important issues related to the estimation of long-term extreme responses of marine structures. Several convolution models to establish the long-term distribution of a marine structure response parameter are available in the literature. These methods are typically based either on all short-term peaks, all extreme short-term peaks or all short-term upcrossing rates. The main assumptions and simplifications of the five models most usually found in the literature are discussed in this paper. A linear single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system along with a bi-lognormal probability model for significant wave heights and zero-crossing wave periods have been used for numerical tests. An improved approach to efficiently evaluate the long-term convolution integrals is also proposed in this paper. It is shown that a combination of the Inverse First Order Reliability Method (IFORM) and an Importance Sampling Monte Carlo Simulation (ISMCS) approach can be used to obtain a very good result for the exact solution of long-term integrals.     

大兴安岭幔枝构造与银多金属成矿作用

通过对大兴安岭地区构造演化、区域地质、地球物理、地球化学特征的研究,认为燕山期以来是该区地幔热柱强烈活动时期.最明显的表现是强烈的构造运动和大规模的岩浆活动,最显著的标志是兴蒙地区盆岭构造的形成和大规模的成矿作用.大兴安岭中南段是一较典型的幔枝构造,具有明显的核部岩浆-变质杂岩、外围拆离滑脱层及上叠断陷盆地,是该区重要...     

六盘水市煤炭资源开发利用结构调整与优化的探讨

六盘水市矿产资源丰富,尤以煤炭为主,但从目前煤炭资源开发利用现状来看,其结构布局尚欠合理,开发利用方式比较粗放,存在＂采富弃贫、大矿小开、一矿多开、技术落后、安全条件差、资源回收率低＂等现象,环境保护与恢复治理的难度也越来越大。为了提高煤炭资源开采利用效率,从规模结构、技术结构、产品结构三个方面提出了六盘水市煤炭资源开发利用结构调整与优化方法：要求新建矿山在30万t/a以上,最低服务年限不低于25年,将目前的小型煤矿山减少到125个;采用高新技术和先进技术,促进矿企产业升级;进行产品结构调整,改变采矿、选矿、冶炼方式,实现集约型经营。     

渭北煤田合阳县北中深部控煤构造样式分析

依据野外地表地质观测及地震、钻探最新的深部地质资料,结合对区域控煤构造认识,运用构造解析、构造应力场及地质力学分析等研究思路与方法,讨论了研究区控煤构造特征、构造样式以及成因。研究结果表明：研究区共有三类六种控煤构造样式,即挤压构造样式（宽缓褶皱、叠加褶皱）、走滑构造样式（反＂S＂型褶皱、＂入＂字型构造）及伸展构造样式（掀斜断块、堑垒构造）,其中以伸展构造样式发育为主要特征;研究区由东南向西北,构造变形强度由强变弱,先后经历了印支期南北向挤压、燕山中期北西向挤压和喜马拉雅期北东向挤压-走滑与北西-南东向伸展断陷作用;晚期形成的正断层不仅破坏了煤层的连续性,而且成为奥灰水储集和运移的主要通道,增大了底板突水的可能性,使煤炭资源开发受到影响。     

软土地下工程抗震数值模拟的若干关键问题

针对我国地下工程建设项目抗震安全性能设计和评估的需求,并基于目前缺少完善的地下结构抗震分析方法和专门的地下结构抗震设计规范的现状,重点阐述了采用有限元方法进行地下工程数值模拟和分析时需要特别关注的三方面问题：计算范围、土一结构动力相互作用和边界条件。着重分析了有限元网格的划分、土一结非线性接触问题和不同边界条件的适用性,以及这些建模条件对计算结果可靠性的影响。对基于数值手段开展地下工程抗震安全性能的计算、分析和评价,制定地下结构抗震设计规范或规程,可提供有益参考。     

Evaluation of wave impact loads on caisson breakwaters based on joint probability of impact maxima and rise times

When waves break against seawalls, vertical breakwaters, piers or jetties, they abruptly transfer their momentum into the structure. This energy transfer is always spectacular and perpetually unrepeatable but can also be very violent and affect the stability and the integrity of coastal structures. Over the last 15 years, increasing awareness of wave-impact induced structural failures of maritime structures has emphasised the need for a more complete approach to dynamic responses, including effects of impulsive loads. At the same time, movement of design standards toward probabilistic approaches requires new statistical tools able to account for uncertainties in the variability of wave loading processes. This paper presents a new approach to the definition of loads for use in performance design of vertical coastal structures subject to breaking wave impacts.     

中国南海涠洲油田W114A平台服役15年的水下钢结构腐蚀防护调查

介绍了W114A平台在南海服役15年的水下钢结构的腐蚀与防护特检报告.检测表明,生物污损严重,最大附着厚度可达20 cm,阴极保护系统正常,保护效果良好.对检测方法和结果进行了分析发现,电位测量程序不妥,牺牲阳极物理尺寸的测量方法不准确,测厚点的基面清理不干净,不能准确地对平台的阴极防护效果进行评估,并对此提出了修改意...