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21.
讨论了渭北矿区地表裂陷的成因、危害、防治的方法和意义。指出地震、活动性断裂、人类采矿活动、地下水活动等地质作用和煤层埋藏地质条件是矿区地表裂陷地质灾害的主要原因。矿山有关部门在减灾、防灾方面应采取的措施。 相似文献
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Geometric form of Haiyuan fault zone in the crustal interior and dynamics implications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The deep seismic reflection data on profile HY2 are reprocessed by the method of simultaneous inversion of velocity distribution
and interface position. By the travel-time inversion with the data of the diving wave Pg and fault plane reflection wave,
we determine the geometric form and velocity of Haiyuan fault zone interior and surrounding rock down to 10 km depth. The
measured data show that the amplitudes have strong attenuation in the range of stake number 37–39 km, suggesting the fault
zone has considerable width in the crustal interior. The results of this paper indicate that to the north of the fault zone
the crystalline basement interface upheaves gradually from southwest to northeast and becomes shallow gradually towards northeast,
and that to the south of the fault zone, within the basin between Xihua and Nanhua mountains, the folded basement becomes
shallow gradually towards southwest. The obliquity of the fault zone is about 70° above the 3 km depth, about 60° in the range
of the 3–10 km depths. From the results of this paper and other various citations, we believe that Haiyuan fault zone is in
steep state from the Earth’s surface to the depth of 10 km.
Foundation item: Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (201001) and State Key Basic Research Development and Programming Project
(95-13-02-02).
Contribution No. RCEG200308, Exploration Geophysical Center, China Earthquake Administration. 相似文献
24.
The superimposed basin must have undergone the changes of regional stress field. Study on the nature and switch of regional stress field of superimposed basin is very useful to understanding its stress state and tectonic events during its formation and evolution. As sensitive markers of small stress changes, joint and shear fracture, characterized by consistency of orientation over wide area, can be used to reconstruct paleostress state and its evolution. Detailed observations and analysis on the orientations, geometrical patterns, sequences of joints and shear fractures and their chronological relation to faults and folds show that, the NEE-SWW systematic joints and NNW-SSE systematic joints developed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata are much more prominent than NW-SE systematic joints and shear fractures with different orientations. And the NWW-SEE and NW-SE systematic joints formed later than NEE-SWW systematic joints but earlier than shear fractures with different orientations. According to the relationships between joint and shear fractures and stress, the NEE-SWW systematic joints are inferred to result from lateral weak extension caused by the late Cretaceous regional uplift, while the NNW-SSE and NW-SE systematic joints are interpreted as syn-tectonic deformation relating to strong N-S compression in the Neogene. But some conjugate shear fractures occur probably due to sinistral strike-slip faulting in the Kuqa depression. At the beginning of the Neogene, the stress field changed and the maximal principal stress σ1 switched from vertical to horizontal. 相似文献
25.
The Zhangjiakou–Penglai seismotectonic zone (ZPSZ) lies in the northern part of North China and extends along the Zhangjiakou–Beijing–Tianjin–Bohai Bay–Penglai–Yellow Sea. It is about 900 km long and some 250 km wide in a northwest direction. The great Sanhe-Pinggu (MS=8.0) earthquake occurred on September 1679 and the Tangshan (MS=7.8) earthquake on July 1976 caused serious economic and life losses. According to some differences in crust structure and regional tectonic stress field, the ZPSZ is divided into western and eastern segment by the 117°E line for study on long-term seismic hazard analysis. An analysis of Gutenberg–Richter's empirical relation of earthquake-frequency and time process of historic and recent earthquakes along the eastern and western segments shows that the earthquake activity obeys a Poisson process, and these calculations indicate that the earthquake occurrence probability of MS=6.0–6.9 is 0.77–0.83 in the eastern segment and the earthquake occurrence probability of MS=7.0–7.9 is 0.78–0.80 in the western segment of the ZPSZ during a period from 2005 to 2015. 相似文献
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Localization of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces in overburden: field measurements and prediction 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
V. Palchik 《Environmental Geology》2005,48(1):68-80
The locations of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock interfaces in the overburden of Donetsk Coal Basin were identified using an original experimental device. The device traps methane from horizontal fracture zone (100–fold coal seam thickness) over an active longwall mining excavation. Presence or absence of horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces is correlated with physical characteristics of the overburden, such as thickness, uniaxial compressive strength of overburden rock layers, location of rock layer interfaces and thickness of extracted coal seams. As a result, a combined criterion based on these physical characteristics is proposed to predict the presence of overburden horizontal fracturing in coal mine operations. 相似文献
29.
2022年9月5日12时52分在四川甘孜州泸定县发生Ms6.8级地震,震源深度16 km。这是继2014年康定地震后,发生在鲜水河断裂带上的又一次强震。笔者等通过已有文献资料,结合鲜水河断裂带南段野外地质调查,统计了滑动速率及历史地震资料,并总结了近代鲜水河断裂带强震迁移规律,对认识鲜水河断裂带活动特征及未来地震危险性具有重要意义。主要得出以下几点认识:①鲜水河断裂带各段滑动速率差异较大,以乾宁为界,从NW至SE段整体上呈现出“先减速后加速”的滑动特点;②泸定地震发震构造磨西断裂,为一次左旋走滑事件;③川滇地区近代历史强震活跃期具有“跳跃性”迁移的特点。自1981年道孚地震后,鲜水河断裂带断进入相对平静期,持续了33 a。自2014年康定地震发生,鲜水河断裂带再次进入地震活跃期;④鲜水河断裂带的强震破裂并非单次地震的“贯通型”模式,而是多次地震的渐进式。断层间相互作用尤其是大地震的发生对断裂带强震复发间隔具有重大影响,相同断裂带的强震也会对后续地震的发生概率产生变化。 相似文献
30.