Geomechanical Models for Clastic Grain Packing

This study proposes a classification of sphere models for grain packing types of coarse grained clastic soft and hard rocks with special emphasis on Permocarboniferous red-beds. The classification covers the range of principal packing types and different cements. Random sphere packing models are derived from ideal symmetric packing models. The study comprises both homogeneous models with equal single grain properties and heterogeneous models with different single grain properties. For each packing type geomechanically relevant parameters like the packing density or coordination numbers are calculated and discussed. The models are correlated with results of image analysing and standard rock engineering experiments that were carried out on a variety of grain mixtures and sedimentary rocks of Permocarboniferous age. The discussion is concerned with the principles of grain packing models and the particular effects of distinct packing types on the petrophysical rock properties and the geomechanical behaviour of the examples presented.     

1997年伊朗中东部加恩-比尔兼德(GheanBirjiand)Zirkuh余震序列分析

分析了由当地地震台网记录的1997年伊朗加恩-比尔兼德(Ghean-Birjiand)Zirkuh余震序列. 基于余震的分布，可以判断出一垂直的北西南东走向的断层，其长度90 km. 加恩比尔兼德Zirkun地震的断层破裂明显地表现为起始于震中区，单方向地向东南方向传播. 沿断层的余震分布剖面显示，余震分布的深度范围可达20 km. 表明地震活动发生在上地壳，这一地区地震发生层的厚度20 km. 余震的分布表明，在主震的震源过程中块体西部是断层的上盘. 余震的时空分布表现出两个显著的空区，与地表断裂中所见到的间断一致. 可以得出这样的结论: 在主震和余震过程中第一个空区起着障碍体的作用，而第二个空区较深的部位在主震或余震的过程中发生了破裂. 地震后的前10天, 其余震的时间频次衰减图象遵循修正的大森关系，而此后的余震序列非常好地遵循大森模型.      

延矾盆地北缘断裂深浅构造关系研究

在已有的地表地质构造、浅层探测与深部探测等资料基础上，利用高精度地震局域网的数字地震记录，分析了延庆矾山次级盆地北缘断裂上的微、小地震活动特征, 及其与地表活断层和深部地壳结构关系. 通过对地震局域网获得的微、小地震的精确位置、震源机制解及其特点的分析，厘定了地表活断层延庆矾山盆地北缘断裂属旋转平面状正断层，揭示了延怀盆地区浅表地质与深部构造的相互关系，以及地壳脆韧性变形随深度的转换特征.      

Preliminary analysis on the tectonic stress level in the source region of Tangshan earthquake

Introduction Analyzing tectonic stress field based on focal mechanism data is an important way to the study tectonic evolvement of lithosphere and associated dynamic process. Such studies growrapidly in China and abroad (Zoback, 1992; Plenefisch, Bonjer, 1997; XU, 1985; CUI, XIE, 1999). At present most of the studies focus on the inversion of focal mechanism data for the direction and relative magnitude of stress tensor, and few on absolute stress. Using focal mechanism and fault scratch,…     

Spatial and temporal rupture process of the January 26, 2001, Gujarat, India, M_S=7.8 earthquake

Introduction An earthquake of MS=7.8 occurred near the Gujarat of India on January 26, 2001, which was one of the most deadly earthquakes since there was the record in the Indian history (Bendick, et al, 2001; Gupta, et al, 2001). The USGS of USA determined the origin time of the earthquake to be 3h16min41s (UTC), and the epicenter location to be 70.32篍, 23.40篘. Shortly after the earthquake, the moment tensor solutions or focal mechanisms and other related parameters were offered by s…     

姚安地震序列的震源参数研究

利用昆明区域数字遥测台网记录的姚安地震序列资料，结合姚安震区流动数字化台网的近震源观测资料，使用波谱分析法测算婉安地震序列的震源力学参数，给出S波的计算结果，并进行讨论。同时，对区域数字遥测台网和震区流动为流动数字化台网同时记录的39个地震采用同一模式计算出的震源参数进行了对比讨论。     

永善－大关7．1级地震序列震源区应力场分析

由云南永善－大关Ｍｓ７．１级地震序列中的１１个Ｍｓ≥４级地震的震源机制解和９８个小震震源机制解，分析了震源区应力场的基本图象和变化形态。结果表明，震源区应力场的基本图象和构造应力场的方向相符。Ｍｓ７．１级主震未对震源区应力场的方向产生可觉察的改变。大量小震机制解的空间取向的优势方向与主震机制解一致。取向离散的小震机制解多出现在序列的前期，至序列末期则很少发现。小震机制解由较离散向集中过渡，显示了震源区应力场动态调整的过程。因此，小地震在强震序列中也做出不可忽略的贡献。     

1976年和林格尔6.3级地震前后震兆特征分析

从时空变化特征、震源参数、地震波谱特征，b值，Vp/Vs,Q值，持续时间衰减比，Ap/As等方面对1976年4月6日和林格尔6．3级地震进行了较为全面的分析，着重分析了地震前后2年左右出现的运动学和动力学变化特征，以提取和林格尔6．3级地震的短临信息，分析后认为此次地震出现的震兆特征与包头6．4级地震，张北6．级地震某些方面有相似处，对探讨分析未来阴山、燕山地震带浅源中强震的孕育过程及提取临震信息，具有参考意义。