SOURCE PARAMETERS OF THE CANGWU MS5.4 EARTHQUAKE, 31 JULY, 2016

On July 31^st, 2016, an earthquake of M_S5.4 occurred in Cangwu County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, which is the first M_S ≥ 5.0 earthquake in coastal areas of southern China in the past 17a. The moderate earthquake activities have come into a comparatively quiet period in coastal areas of southern China for decades, so the study about the Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake is very important. However, differernt research institutions and scholars have got different results for the focal depth of the Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake. For this reason, we further measured the focal depth by using CAP method and sPL phase method. sPL phase was first put forward by Chong in 2010. It is often observed between P and S wave of continental earthquakes with epicentral distance of about 30km to 50km. The energy of sPL phase is mainly concentrated on the radial component. Arrival time difference between sPL phase and direct P wave is insensitive to epicentral distancs, but increases almost linearly with the increase of focal depth. Based on these characteristics and advantages, sPL phase method is chosen to measure the focal depth of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake in the paper. First of all, we selected the broadband waveform data through seismic stations distributed mainly in Guangxi and adjacent provinces from Data Management Centre of China National Seismic Network and Guangxi Earthquake Networks Center. And an appropriate velocity model of Cangwu area was constructed by the teleseismic receiver function method. Then, the focal mechanism and focal depth of Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake were determined by using the CAP(Cut and Paste)method. Next, we compared the synthetic waveforms simulated by F-K forward method of different focal depth models with the actual observed waveforms. According to the difference of arrival times between sPL and Pg phases, we finally obtained the focal depth of Cangwu earthquake. The results show that the focal depth is 11km measured by CAP method and 9km by sPL phase method. Based on the focal mechanism solution, isoseismal shapes, aftershocks distributions and investigation on spot, we conclude that the Cangwu M_S5.4 earthquake is a left-lateral strike-slip earthquake which occurred in the upper crust. Our preliminary analysis considers that the seismogenic structure of Cangwu earthquake is a north-northwest branch fault, and the control fault of this earthquake is the Hejie-Xiaying Fault.     

基于sPL震相测定山西地区的震源深度

本文利用sPL震相计算了山西及周边地区50 km之内的39次ML≥3.0地震的震源深度。结果显示:震源深度分布在6~30 km,优势震源深度为11~25 km,呈现出山西北部地震的震源深度比中、南部浅的趋势。将本文得到的39个地震的震源深度与中国地震台网中心统一编目的深度结果相比较,发现除极个别的地震事件外,两种方法得出的深度结果差值不大。     

四川长宁MS6.0地震区域构造应力场特征分析

2019年6月17日在四川宜宾市长宁县（28.34°N,104.90°E）发生M_S6.0地震,余震发育。本文利用区域测震台网的地震观测数据基于CAP方法计算了28°~29°N,104°~105°E范围内的14个M_S>3.0以上地震的震源机制解,结合全球矩心矩张量目录和部分前人研究结果中该区域的共27个震源机制解数据,应用MSATSI软件反演了研究区域的应力场。将研究区域按0.1°×0.1°划分成25个应力网格,最终得到9个网格的应力分布结果,大多数应力场方向稳定,根据主震所在应力网格点得到主震的断层类型为主逆冲型。本文研究成果为四川长宁地区的孕震机理、活动构造以及地震趋势判定提供了可靠的参考依据。     

基于三维应变格林函数反演中小震震源机制

随着复杂速度结构反演的发展和高性能计算能力的提升,基于高精度3D介质模型计算格林函数反演震源机制更具可行性。中小地震因具有更好的覆盖和近似点源效应,在区域结构成像中有着广泛的应用。基于波形类的反演方法如波动方程层析成像\,全波形反演都需要震源机制解,而传统的震源机制反演方法不能很好地应用于中小地震。采用有限差分法构建应变格林张量(Strain Green Tensor,SGT)数据库,将合成波形和实际波形按震相截窗并滤波到不同的频带范围,先通过最小化互相关走时差来进行震源重定位,再通过最小化波形残差反演震源机制。通过合成数据测试验证方法的正确性,随后将该方法应用于青藏高原东部边缘龙门山地区,反演一系列M_W3.4～5.7的中小地震震源机制。由于应变格林张量数据库可预先构建,该方法可以应用于(近)实时震源机制解反演。     

豫北地区视应力时空变化特征

利用2008年以来豫北地区49次M_L 2.5以上地震资料,通过Brune模型,结合遗传算法,反演计算得到豫北地区地震视应力范围为0.029 9 MPa—0.642 MPa,平均视应力为0.174 8 MPa,分析该区视应力时空变化特征,讨论震级和能量的关系,结果表明,豫北地区目前处于应力积累阶段,应力高值集中在聊兰断裂濮阳—鄄城段范县地区。     

重庆测震台网中心武隆MS5.0地震监测情况及成因分析

介绍了重庆武隆MS5.0地震的监测情况,用PTD方法计算得到了相对可靠的震源深度,并用CAP方法反演了震源机制,判定了可能的发震断层,结合周边人类活动分析了发震机理。     

新疆及周缘构造破裂特征及地震序列类型

横亘新疆境内的天山及其周边的西昆仑、阿尔金和阿尔泰是中国大陆著名的强构造运动区和地震活动带。在对新疆构造区应力环境、动力过程、断层运动变形特征和地震序列分析讨论的基础上,对新疆及其周缘主要构造区地震破裂方式和序列类型进行研究,得出如下结论:(1)西昆仑构造区受来自青藏块体和塔里木块体NS和NW向水平压应力和垂向力的作用,构造运动呈现出走滑与逆冲特征,震源破裂以走滑型为主,数量较少的逆断型地震主要分布在西昆仑帕米尔一侧的深震挤压区,正断型地震主要出现在西昆仑与阿尔金交汇的拉张盆地及附近。该区主余型地震占63%,6级以上地震序列也存在多震类型。(2)阿尔金断裂带位于西昆仑北缘断裂和北祁连断裂过渡带,受青藏块体向北和向西的推挤,断裂本身的左旋位移量通过两端逆冲挤压而转化,使得青藏高原北边界不断向外扩展。在此力源下,阿尔金断裂带震源破裂以走滑为主,也有少量的逆冲型地震。地震序列中主余型和孤立型地震占比相同(占44%)。(3)在印度板块和亚欧大陆碰撞效应影响下,天山地区产生近NNE向水平压应力,构造运动显现出带旋性特征的逆冲和走滑,震源破裂方式与之相吻合。而天山构造大跨度的空间展布、扩展形式的多样性和地震破裂的两重性,又影响到地震序列类型的多样性,使得主余型、孤立型和多震型地震在不同构造部位呈现优势分布。(4)阿尔泰的构造运动可能受到了来自印度板块与亚欧板块碰撞的远程效应和西伯利亚块体南向运动的双向影响,形成NNE和SW向水平挤压力,主要大型发震断裂做右旋剪扭错动,而一些深断裂则以逆冲运动为主。震源破裂呈现出走滑(占64%)和部分的逆冲(占27%),6级以上地震序列主要为主余型,5级左右地震则多为孤立型。     

USE OF SEISMIC WAVEFORMS AND INSAR DATA FOR DETERMINATION OF THE SEISMOTECTONICS OF THE MAINLING MS6.9 EARTHQUAKE ON NOV.18, 2017

On November 18, 2017, a M_S6.9 earthquake struck Mainling County, Tibet, with a depth of 10km. The earthquake occurred at the eastern Himalaya syntaxis. The Namche Barwan moved northward relative to the Himalayan terrane and was subducted deeply beneath the Lhasa terrane, forming the eastern syntaxis after the collision of the Indian plate and Asian plates. Firstly, this paper uses the far and near field broadband seismic waveform for joint inversion (CAPJoint method)of the earthquake focal mechanism. Two groups of nodal planes are obtained after 1000 times Bootstrap test. The strike, dip and rake of the best solution are calculated to be 302°, 76° and 84° (the nodal plane Ⅰ)and 138°, 27° and 104° (the nodal plane Ⅱ), respectively. This event was captured by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR)measurements from the Sentinel-1A radar satellite, which provide the opportunity to determine the fault plane, as well as the co-seismic slip distribution, and assess the seismic hazards. The overall trend of the deformation field revealed by InSAR is consistent with the GPS displacement field released by the Gan Wei-Jun's team. Geodesy (InSAR and GPS)observation of the earthquake deformation field shows the northeastern side of the epicenter uplifting and the southwestern side sinking. According to geodetic measurements and the thrust characteristics of fault deformation field, we speculate that the nodal plane Ⅰ is the true rupture plane. Secondly, based on the focal mechanism, we use InSAR data as the constraint to invert for the fine slip distribution on the fault plane. Our best model suggests that the seismogenic fault is a NW-SE striking thrust fault with a high angle. Combined with the slip distribution and aftershocks, we suggest that the earthquake is a high-angle thrust event, which is caused by the NE-dipping thrust beneath the Namche Barwa syntaxis subducted deeply beneath the Lhasa terrane.     

2014秭归4.5、4.7级地震前小震活动特征研究

2014-03-27、30湖北秭归4.5、4.7级地震前,震中区附近发生过多次微小地震活动。双差精定位显示,这些小震集中分布在仙女山断裂北段西边次级小断裂附近(区域一)和北端端部(区域二)。结合近场地震波谱分析和区域地质构造特征认为,区域一的微小震主要为浅表塌陷事件,区域二的多数为构造地震事件。将区域二15次ML1.2以上事件震源机制解参数统计结果与该地区3次4级以上主震震源机制比较显示,两者的节面走向均为NNW和NE,力轴(P轴和T轴)的方位与倾角也基本一致,总体上均与区域应力场方向基本一致,反映了两者受力方式具有一致性,但两者的破裂滑动方式有差异,可能与仙女山断裂受库水作用活化的影响有关。     

2015年4月25日尼泊尔MW7.9地震的震源机制

<正>据中国地震台网测定,北京时间2015年4月25日14时11分尼泊尔发生MW7.9(MS8.1)强烈地震,震中位置为(28.2°N、84.7°E),震源深度为20km.这次地震位于尼泊尔首都西北部,距加德满都大约80km.截至2015年5月13日,该地震已造成8 219人死亡,17 866人受伤,尼泊尔、印度、孟加拉、不丹和我国西藏等地均有人员伤亡.为增进对尼泊尔MW7.9发震机制的认识,并对震害评估、震后趋势判定